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Biomedical subjects

P Meister

Publications and source records attributed to P Meister.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[So-called histiocytosis X and malignant histiocytosis].

A retrospective study of 12 cases of so called histiocytosis-X and 3 cases of malignant histiocytosis was done. It was possible to establish the differences in clinical, morphologic and cytochemical findings of both diseases. The diagnosis of histiocytosis-X can be confirmed by multinucleated histiocytes interrupted by eosinophils and plasmacells. The histopathology of malignant histiocytosis is different and is characterized by atypical histiocytes. Erythrophagocytosis throughout the tissues is seen. Typical histochemistry (acid phosphatase and naphtol-AS-acetat-esterase) findings are also helpful for diagnosis. The treatment of both diseases should be continued at least six months after disappearance of clinical apparent lesions. Combination chemotherapy with vinblastine and prednisone is suggested. In cases of histiocytosis-X in isolated lesions curettage or irradiation may be adequate. Long term remissions and presumed cures of histiocytosis-X are possible in over 70% of the cases. A strict correlation between the prognosis and the degree of involvement is confirmed. Even in cases of malignant histiocytosis, previously reported as rapidly fatal disease, combination chemotherapy may produce complete long term remissions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Lysozyme (muramidase) and alpha 1-anti-chymotrypsin as immunohistochemical tumour markers.

Since lysozyme and alpha 1-anti-chymotrypsin are constituents of normal histiocytes, their value as tumor cell markers in histiocytes neoplasias has been investigated using the indirect immunoperoxidase method and commercially available specific antisera on formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded 5 micrometers sections after pretreatment with pronase. The distribution of both markers was determined in 35 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and in 13 cases of malignant histiocytosis (MH). In 12 cases of MH both markers were found whereas in MFH alpha 1-antichymotrypsin was demonstrated in 26 and lysozyme in 16 cases only. In general, the staining for alpha 1-anti-chymotrypsin was more intense than the staining for lysozyme. A negative reaction does not exclude the possibility of MH or MFH. The presence of both constituents in tumours, however, can be considered as indicative of histiocytogenic origin and both can be useful markers for distinguishing histiocytic neoplasias from other tumours.

Chymotrypsin↗
PubMed1981

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy and epidural involvement.

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) was recognized as a new clinical-pathological entity in 1969. Up to the present 134 cases have been described. The disease is characterized by prominent cervical lymph node enlargment. Microscopic features include marked dilatation of sinuses with intrasinusal histiocytes and lymphophagocytosis. About 70% of the patients reported were affected during the first 2 decades of life. The disease is held to be benign on account of spontaneous resolution in some patients. A follow-up survey of 72 patients showed disappearance of the symptoms 10 years after the original diagnosis in 24 patients. In 42 patients the disease still persisted 6 months to 21 years later. Six patients died, but only one of them as a result of the disease. Extranodal involvement was seen in the orbit, eyelid, respiratory tract, skin, bone, salivary glands, and testis. In two cases, one of which will be reported here, paraparesis resulted from infiltration of the epidural space. Treatment with prednisolone was tried in some cases with excellent results. In our case treatment with prednisolone and vinblastine resulted in the disappearance of the neurological symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Familial lymphohistiocytosis.

Familial lymphohistiocytosis is a genetically transmitted disease affecting infants and very young children with usually a fatal outcome. Cardinal symptoms are fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia. Histologic examination shows infiltration of all organs with phagocytosing histiocytes and lymphocytes as well as atrophy of the normal lymphoid tissue. The distinction from other histiocytic disorders, i.e., Letterer-Siwe disease or malignant histiocytosis, may be difficult. However, the familial occurrence and characteristic findings in the coagulation system and lipid pattern make familial lymphohistiocytosis a sufficiently distinct clinical entity. This report review 79 cases fron the literature and adds four of own observations.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1981

Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma. Case report and differential diagnosis.

In this case of an extraskeletal osteosarcoma initially there were typical difficulties in diagnosing a) a malignant mesenchymal tumor and b) a bone-producing tumor. Only focally the test-booking findings of an osteosarcoma were present. The differential diagnosis concerned mainly pseudosarcomatous lesions with bone formations, which histologically may appear suspicious, however, follow a benign course clinically.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Chordoma with a predominant retrosacral tumor mass.

Chordomas are malignant tumors with lobulated structure which usually consists of vacuolated physaliferous cells in a mucoid stroma (Enzinger et al. 1969). These cells originate from remnants of the chorda dorsalis. Most chordomas are located either at the end of the vertebral column, i.e., in the sacrococcygeal region or at the base of the skull near the sphenooccipital synchondrosis. More than half of all tumors are located in the sacrococcygeal region. In contrast to most cases of sacrococcygeal chordomas which show a predominant presacral tumor infiltration we report on a patient suffering from a sacrococcygeal chordoma with a retrosacral tumor mass. Here, the presacral tumor infiltration became apparent only much latter. It was nevertheless of great prognostic relevance as tumor infiltration of the urinary bladder lead to lethal septicaemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Incidence and histological structure of the storiform pattern in benign and malignant fibrous histiocytomas.

A starlike arrangement of cells and fibers, the "storiform pattern", was found to be a typical, but not obligatory, histological feature of benign and malignant fibrous histiocytomas. In 155 benign fibrous histiocytomas storiform structures were missing in 29 cases, chiefly of the fibroblastic type comparable with classical "dermatofibroma". 12 of 70 malignant fibrous histiocytomas did not reveal storiform structures, especially the cellular pleomorphic variant, i.e. the classical pleomorphic sarcoma. Storiform structures were either small and highly cellular with few fibers (collagen type III), or larger, less cellular, but with abundant fibers (collagen type I). There was no sharp demarcation between these two extremes, but many transitional structures or patterns were seen. The histiocytic nature of the cells was demonstrated in both variants of storiform structures by immunhistochemical methods on paraffin embedded material. Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin was especially valuable in this respect.

Chymotrypsin↗
PubMed1981

[Value of the "region of interest" technique in the scintigraphic diagnosis of primary bone tumors (author's transl)].

Employing ROI-technique, a ratio Q was obtained from relating accumulation of 99mTc-MDP at the site of the bone lesion (n = 150) with that of contralateral non-involved osseous areas. Values of Q were correlated with histologic tumor diagnosis, its dignity and frequency. Values of Q of greater than 3.0 were found in 95% of all sarcomas, in 100% of the osteosarcomas but in only 3.8% of all benign bone tumors. Values ranging from 1.0 to 1.2 were exclusively measured in benign tumors (e.g., in 52% of juvenile bone cysts and in 67% of non-ossifying fibromas). Since the threshold--separating benign from malignant lesions--at Q = 3.0 was blurred by tumorlike lesions, metastases and especially by Paget's disease, this method does not precisely predict dignity. However, this method may complement radiographic evaluation with low values supporting the diagnosis of a benign lesion. The combined findings of radiography and these rations gained by nuclear imaging may help determine the pathway of a patient through further diagnosis and treatment.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

[Histological grading and typing in osteosarcoma. Comparison with the survival time of 22 patients].

Histological grading from I--III was carried out for 22 osteosarcomas. There was a positive correlation between higher histological grade of differentiation and higher rate of 2-years-survival. The death rate was 3,7 times higher for osteosarcomas of grade III than for grade I and II tumors. However, no significant differences as to prognosis and age of the patients, localization of tumor metastases, various stages and kind of therapy became evident. In spite of distinct regional differences, as subclassification according to 6 subtypes proposed by Scranton et al. (1975) was possible in all our cases. Statistically significant correlations between these subtypes of osteosarcoma and differences in survival time could not be found, neither for our own limited material, nor for the combined material, including the cases of Scranton et al.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Malignant histiocytosis. Clinical findings and therapy.

Diagnosis of malignant histiocytosis (MH) was confirmed in 16 patients. Stage at diagnosis was I-II in nine, and III-IV in seven patients. Porr prognosis and "B",-symptoms were correlated to advanced stages. Bone marrow biopsy proved most useful to verify organ involvement. Scintigraphy and computerized tomography, too, detected organ involvement in some patients and were helpful for judging response to therapy. Relapses after radiotherapy were frequent. Polychemotherapy using "CHOP"-combination is recommended for most patients and may in stages I-II be supplemented by primary or secondary involved or extended field irradiation and in more advanced stages by mainbulk-irradiation. The value of prophylactic CNS-therapy remains controversial. Pathophysiological aspects and differential diagnosis are discussed.

Adolescent↗