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Biomedical subjects

P McEvoy

Publications and source records attributed to P McEvoy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Psychiatry at the front line: CPNs working outside regular hours in an inner-city A&E department.

This paper reports on a study that examines the characteristics of patients with mental health problems, seen outside regular working hours, by CPNs working within an in an inner-city A&E department. The study examined the range of presenting problems for each individual attendance rather than the primary diagnosis or main presenting problem. There were significant differences in the pattern of presentations between patients with and without a mental health professional (MHP) involved in their care. Patients with a MHP involved in their care were much more likely to present with psychosis and suicidal ideation in the absence of deliberate self-harm. Those without a MHP were much more likely to have deliberately harmed themselves, to have interpersonal problems, to have misused alcohol or drugs or to have work/financial problems. The CPNs worked in an autonomous manner and appeared to reduce the intensity of the duty psychiatrists' workload by filtering out patients judged not to be in need of their specialist input.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Leishmaniasis in the United States military.

Leishmaniasis is a recurrent health problem for the U.S. and other militaries. Health care workers may be unfamiliar with the risk factors, transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease. A team of highly trained specialists is required to properly manage service members with leishmaniasis. Such care is available only in a few medical centers. Although there are no prophylactic drugs to prevent this disease, control of insect populations and use of personal protection measures can minimize arthropod-related casualties. The impact of leishmaniasis on military operations and research initiatives to better prevent, diagnose, and treat infection are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Treatment of Nocardia asteroides keratitis with polyhexamethylene biguanide.

PURPOSE: Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) is a polymeric biguanide disinfectant that has been used previously in the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis. The authors report the first case of Nocardia asteroides keratitis treated successfully with PHMB. Further studies documenting the efficacy of PHMB against N. asteroides in vitro also are presented. METHODS: A soft contact lens wearer presented with an infectious keratitis. Cultures from the cornea grew N. asteroides. The infection resolved with the treatment with PHMB 0.02%. Serial dilutions of PHMB were performed against N. asteroides in culture. RESULTS: In vitro dilution studies determined that the minimal inhibitory concentration for PHMB against the tested isolate of N. asteroides was 0.01%. This is a concentration that has been shown to be well tolerated by the cornea in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Polyhexamethylene biguanide is effective against both Acanthamoeba and Nocardia and may have a wider range of usefulness than that currently recognized. Further testing, both in vitro and in vivo, is required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Transcription patterns of human papillomavirus type 16 in genital intraepithelial neoplasia: evidence for promoter usage within the E7 open reading frame during epithelial differentiation.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 transcription was analysed by in situ hybridization using 125I-labelled subgenomic riboprobes, from 26 genital intraepithelial neoplastic (IN) lesions, in formalin-fixed biopsies from 18 different cases. Distinct transcription patterns separable by the presence or absence of late gene transcription were detected. In 12 lesions, late gene expression was absent; HPV transcripts corresponding to the E6 and E7 open reading frame (ORF) were detectable in all basal cells and were usually evenly distributed through all layers of the epithelium. Transcripts corresponding to the E1, E2 and E2/E4 ORFs were present in nine of 12 lesions and displayed a similar distribution. In 14 lesions late gene transcripts were present. E6 and E7 transcripts were detectable basally in all but one lesion. The levels of E7 but not E6 transcripts were markedly increased in the superficial cells of differentiating epithelia, with an identical distribution and at similar levels to those of the E2/E4 transcript. We propose that the most abundant transcript in genital IN lesions containing late gene expression is an E7/E1 [symbol: see text] E2/E4 transcript corresponding to that reported in HPV-6/11 condylomata and which is derived from a similar promoter within the E7 ORF.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of lymphocyte IL2-receptor expression by factor VIII concentrate: a possible cause of immunosuppression in haemophiliacs.

Factor VIII concentrate inhibits T-cell function in vitro and in vivo. The mechanisms underlying the phenomenon were investigated. Factor VIII concentrate has a direct effect on lymphocytes, uninfluenced by haemophilic monocyte dysfunction, since it inhibited lymphocyte transformation with phorbol myristate acetate, a reaction unaffected by monocyte depletion. Inhibition of lymphocyte transformation by factor VIII concentrate is not corrected by the addition of exogenous IL2, suggesting that it does not inhibit lymphocyte function by suppression of IL2 secretion alone. Factor VIII concentrate causes profound inhibition of IL2-receptor expression (CD25); with an 89% reduction in CD25-positive CD4 cells and a 50% reduction in CD25-antigen molecules per cell. CD8 lymphocytes are similarly affected. Smaller reductions in CD71 and HLA-DR expression are also observed. Down modulation of CD25-antigen may explain the reduced IL2 secretion observed by others, and may be an important cause of immunodeficiency in HIV-seronegative haemophiliacs.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1985

An assessment of the Ortho ELT-800 WBC and three-part WBC screen.

The ELT-800 WBC and three-part WBC screen have been evaluated. Technical assessment showed each to be satisfactory but in a small number of samples, the total WBC was found to be incorrect. Discrepancies were found in some cases of chronic lymphatic leukaemia, sickle cell disease and paraproteinaemia. The reasons for these differences are discussed. In the population studied, an accurate WBC screen was obtained on 87.3% of samples. Initial instrument WBC screen rejection occurred on 12.7% but in only 2.1% could no explanation be found to account for this.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1983

Idiopathic autoantibody that inhibits fibrin monomer polymerization.

A 73-year-old female was found to have prolonged thrombin and reptilase times in the immediate post-operative period. These abnormalities were not corrected by the addition of normal plasma. They were subsequently shown to be due to an IgG immunoglobulin which inhibited fibrin monomer polymerization. The IgG immunoglobulin activity could be neutralized completely by prior incubation with either patient or normal fibrinogen, uncrosslinked fibrin monomers or IgG antisera. No inhibitory effect on thrombin activity, fibrinopeptide A release or on the fibrin cross-linking reaction of factor XIIIa could be detected. Purified patient fibrinogen was functionally normal as demonstrated by normal fibrinogen-fibrin polymerization and fibrinopeptide A release. No underlying cause for this phenomenon was found. The presence of the inhibitor was associated with excessive blood loss during the post-operative period.

Aged↗
PubMed1974

Diabetes mellitus.

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Diabetes Mellitus↗