Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Massin

Publications and source records attributed to P Massin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Central retinal artery occlusion associated with head or neck pain revealing spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection.

PURPOSE: To report two cases of head or neck pain and central retinal artery occlusion associated with spontaneous dissection of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery. METHODS: Case reports. RESULTS: We describe two cases of sudden visual loss caused by central retinal artery occlusion. Both cases were preceded by ipsilateral headaches or neck pain and tinnitus. The patient had no other neurological signs or history of trauma. In both cases, cerebral angiography revealed ipsilateral internal carotid artery dissection. CONCLUSION: Ipsilateral headache or neck pain with tinnitus preceding central retinal artery occlusion is highly suggestive of internal carotid artery dissection. Early diagnosis and treatment may reduce the risk of hemispheric stroke.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Acute transient myopia induced by indapamide.

PURPOSE: To report on a case of acute transient myopia associated with ciliochoroidal detachment induced by indapamide. METHOD: Case report. Clinical examination, ultrasonography, and fluorescein angiography were performed during the acute phase of disease and convalescence. RESULTS: After indapamide was discontinued, acute bilateral myopia, which was associated with anterior chamber shallowing and diffuse choroidal thickening, resolved spontaneously 8 days after onset. The initial angiography showed scattered islands of delayed fluorescein filling that disappeared without any permanent change by day 30. CONCLUSION: Indapamide can induce spontaneously resolving transient myopia associated with diffuse choroidal thickening.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Long-term incidence of reopening of macular holes.

OBJECTIVE: To report the incidence of macular hole reopening after initial successful surgery. DESIGN: A noncomparative retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS: From a series of 137 consecutive cases of idiopathic macular holes operated on between August 1993 and May 1996, the authors analyzed the charts of 116 cases of successful surgery. SETTING: A single university-based ophthalmology department. INTERVENTION: Pars plana vitrectomy, posterior hyaloid peeling, fluid-air and air-gas exchange with a nonexpansile 17% C2F6 mixture followed by face-down positioning. Eighty-eight patients (64%) received autologous platelets as a biologic adjuvant. The anatomic success rate at the first postoperative month was 116 of 137 (85%). One hundred and six patients (91%) were followed up for more than 2 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Macular anatomic status. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 27 months. Eleven eyes of 11 patients (9.5%) had reopening of the macular hole. The mean period between hole surgery and reopening was 15.4 months (range, 8-29). In 8 of these 11 cases, reopening occurred after cataract extraction. In two cases, an epiretinal membrane was noted. In another case cystoid macular edema was present. The final anatomic success rate with one surgical procedure was 105 of 137 (77%). Eight reopened holes were reoperated on and all were anatomic successes at 1 month. However, four patients experienced a second reopening. CONCLUSIONS: Macular hole reopening occurred in 9.5% of cases (11 of 116). The cause of reopening might have been any anatomic stress such as epiretinal membrane formation or macular edema. However, in most of our reopened cases, no definite cause was evident. Four patients experienced recurrent reopening.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

The anatomic basis for the concept of lateralized femoral stems: a frontal plane radiographic study of the proximal femur.

We determined the range of sizes for a system of monoblock femoral prostheses that would provide adequate (a term defined in the text) fill in the frontal plane and restore femoral offset and leg length. We performed an anatomic study, based on measurements in 200 anteroposterior pelvic radiographs. If diaphyseal filling implants are to be used, 9 sizes are sufficient to obtain excellent canal filling and restoration of femoral offset in >80% of cases, assuming that the level of neck osteotomy can vary over a 1-cm range. When using metaphyseal filling implants, only a limited adjustment can be obtained from the level of neck osteotomy. A system limited to 8 sizes approximates the anatomy of the femoral canal with satisfactory precision in 73% of cases. If such a system is provided with only a single neck shaft angle for each stem size, it does not allow restoration of the biomechanical center of the hip in >67% of cases. A system of 8 sizes of 1 neck/shaft angle and a 22-mm modular head restores the anatomy in only 49% of cases. Approximating the frontal anatomy of 85% of femora with an implant filling the metaphysis requires at least 15 sizes distributed in 3 metaphyseal configurations, each supplied with 2 different neck shalt angles.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Genetic analysis of the compatibility between polymerase proteins from human and avian strains of influenza A viruses.

In order to determine how efficiently the polymerase proteins derived from human and avian influenza A viruses can interact with each other in the context of a mammalian cell, a genetic system that allows the in vivo reconstitution of active ribonucleoproteins was used. The ability to achieve replication of a viral-like reporter RNA in COS-1 cells was examined with heterospecific mixtures of the core proteins (PB1, PB2, PA and NP) from two strains of human viruses (A/Puerto Rico/8/34 and A/Victoria/3/75), two strains of avian viruses (A/Mallard/NY/6750/78 and A/FPV/-Rostock/34), and a strain of avian origin (A/Hong Kong/156/97) that was isolated from the first human case of H5N1 influenza in Hong Kong in 1997. In accordance with published observations on reassortant viruses, PB2 amino acid 627 was identified as a major determinant of the replication efficiency of heterospecific complexes in COS-1 cells. Moreover, the results showed that replication of the viral-like reporter RNA was more efficient when PB2 and NP were both derived from the same avian or human virus or when PB1 was derived from an avian virus, whatever the origin of the other proteins. Furthermore, the PB1 and PB2 proteins from the A/Hong- Kong/156/97 virus exhibited intermediate properties with respect to the corresponding proteins from avian or human influenza viruses, suggesting that some molecular characteristics of PB1 and PB2 proteins might at least partially account for the ability of the A/Hong Kong/156/97 virus to replicate in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Macular hole formation: new data provided by optical coherence tomography.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the sequence of events leading from vitreofoveal traction to full-thickness macular hole formation. METHODS: Both eyes of 76 patients with a full-thickness macular hole in at least 1 eye were examined by biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: Sixty-one fellow eyes had a normal macula. Optical coherence tomograms showed central detachment of the posterior hyaloid over the posterior pole in 19 cases (31%) and a perifoveal hyaloid detachment not detected on biomicroscopy in 26 cases (42%). In the 4 impending macular holes, optical coherence tomography disclosed various degrees of intrafoveal split or cyst, with adherence of the posterior hyaloid to the foveal center and convex perifoveal detachment. In the 14 stage 2 holes, eccentric opening of the roof of the hole was observed, and in the 24 stage 3 holes, the posterior hyaloid was detached from the entire posterior pole. CONCLUSIONS: In fellow eyes of eyes with macular holes posterior hyaloid detachment begins around the macula, but the hyaloid remains adherent to the foveolar center, indicating the action of anteroposterior forces. This results in an intraretinal split evolving into a cystic space, and then to the disruption of the outer retinal layer and the opening of the foveal floor, thus constituting a full-thickness macular hole.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Sclerochoroidal calcification associated with Gitelman syndrome.

PURPOSE: To investigate sclerochoroidal calcification in a patient with Gitelman syndrome. METHOD: Case report. Bilateral fundus abnormalities observed in a 58-year-old woman were documented with fluorescein angiography and tomodensitometry. RESULTS: Symmetric yellow-white subretinal lesions were observed in the superotemporal midperiphery of the fundus of each eye. Tomodensitometry examination was consistent with calcium deposition. The medical history included Gitelman syndrome. Sclerochoroidal calcification probably resulted from the severe hypomagnesemia. CONCLUSION: Gitelman syndrome may be a cause of sclerochoroidal calcification.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1999

Effect of autologous platelet concentrate in surgery for idiopathic macular hole: results of a multicenter, double-masked, randomized trial. Platelets in Macular Hole Surgery Group.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate prospectively the efficacy and safety of autologous platelet concentrate (APC) as an adjuvant in surgery for idiopathic macular hole. DESIGN: Multicenter, double-masked, randomized clinical trial. SETTING: Four university-based ophthalmology clinics. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred ten patients with stage 3 or 4 idiopathic full-thickness macular holes of less than 3 years' duration were randomized (53 eyes to the platelet group and 57 eyes to the control group). INTERVENTIONS: Standardized macular hole surgery versus surgery combined with injection of an APC. In all cases, the procedure consisted of three-port pars plana vitrectomy, posterior hyaloid separation, and nonexpansile fluid-gas exchange. After the fluid-gas exchange, patients were randomized to receive either injection of an APC or no adjunctive treatment. After surgery, patients were positioned face down for 12 days. Platelet counts showed that the concentrates contained a mean of 96.106 platelets (range, 82-102). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anatomic and functional evaluations were performed at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery in a double-masked fashion by an independent observer. The main outcome was reapposition of the edge of the macular hole 1 month after surgery. Secondary outcomes were anatomic status at 3 and 6 months, changes in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study score, and complications. RESULTS: One month after surgery, the anatomic success rate in the platelet group was 52 of 53 (98%; 95% confidence interval, 0.90-1.00) versus 47 of 57 (82%; 95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.91) in the control group (P = 0.009, Fisher's exact test; relative risk, 0.11; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.81). Visual acuity was not significantly different between the two groups at any timepoint. There were no complications specifically attributable to the platelet injection. CONCLUSION: Injection of APC improved significantly the anatomic success rate of surgery for idiopathic macular holes of less than 3 years' duration, but postoperative visual acuity of the platelet group was not statistically different from the control group.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Visual outcome of surgery for epiretinal membranes with macular pseudoholes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of macular pseudohole on visual results after epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. PARTICIPANTS: The postoperative results for 50 eyes with ERMs combined with pseudohole were compared with the results for a paired series of idiopathic ERMs without pseudohole operated on during the same period. INTERVENTION: All patients underwent standard three-port pars plana vitrectomy, including core vitrectomy, and removal of the membrane. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anatomic and functional evaluations were performed before and after surgery. Main outcome measures were postoperative visual acuity and the persistence or disappearance of the pseudohole. RESULTS: For the patients with pseudohole, median preoperative visual acuity was 20/63 (range, 20/32-20/860) and median postoperative visual acuity was 20/40 (range, 20/20-20/860). Vision improved by 2 or more lines in 31 (62%) of 50 eyes. Forty eyes (80%) reached visual acuity of 20/50 or more. Pseudohole persisted in 22 eyes (44%) 3 months after surgery and in 15 eyes (30%) at 6 months. There was no difference in visual acuity, whether or not the pseudohole persisted. For the patients without pseudohole, median preoperative visual acuity was 20/63 (range, 20/32-20/860). Median postoperative visual acuity was 20/40 (range, 20/20-20/860). Vision improved by 2 or more lines in 37 eyes (74%). In 36 eyes (72%), it was 20/50 or more. Neither preoperative nor postoperative visual acuity differed significantly in the groups with and without pseudohole. CONCLUSION: After surgery for idiopathic ERMs combined with pseudohole, visual outcome is good, and pseudohole has no adverse prognostic value. Pseudohole disappears inconstantly after surgery, but its persistence does not preclude good postoperative visual recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of macular pattern dystrophy in maternally inherited diabetes and deafness. GEDIAM Group.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of macular pattern dystrophy (MPD) in maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD), a new subtype of diabetes mellitus that cosegregates with a mutation of mitochondrial DNA (i.e., the substitution of guanine for adenine at position 3243 of leucine transfer RNA) and to report the clinical characteristics of MPD. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-six patients from 29 families with an adenine-to-guanine mutation of mitochondrial DNA were recruited from a French collaborative multicenter study. Thirty-five patients had MIDD, 8 were asymptomatic children of MIDD patients, and 3 had MELAS syndrome (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelike episodes). The 33 MIDD patients with diabetes were matched for diabetes duration and gender with 33 patients with "common" type-2 diabetes to compare the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in both series. METHODS: All patients had a full ophthalmologic examination and fundus photographs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The presence and severity of MPD and DR were assessed in each patient. RESULTS: Thirty MIDD patients (85.7%) of 35 exhibited bilateral MPD characterized by linear pigmentation surrounding the macula and optic disc. In 24 of these 30 patients, visual acuity was 20/25 or more in both eyes. The prevalence of DR was 6% in MIDD patients with diabetes versus 15% for patients with common type-2 diabetes (a difference that was not significant, P = 0.23). The fundus of each of the eight asymptomatic children was normal. MPD was present in one of the three cases of MELAS. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MPD in MIDD is high. Its detection may be helpful for the diagnosis of this new subtype of diabetes, for which specific treatments may be proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

vig-1, a new fish gene induced by the rhabdovirus glycoprotein, has a virus-induced homologue in humans and shares conserved motifs with the MoaA family.

We used mRNA differential display methodology to analyze the shift of transcription profile induced by the fish rhabdovirus, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), in rainbow trout leukocytes. We identified and characterized a new gene which is directly induced by VHSV. This VHSV-induced gene (vig-1) encodes a 348-amino-acid protein. vig-1 is highly expressed during the experimental disease in lymphoid organs of the infected fish. Intramuscular injection of a plasmid vector expressing the viral glycoprotein results in vig-1 expression, showing that the external virus protein is sufficient for the induction. vig-1 expression is also obtained by a rainbow trout interferon-like factor, indicating that vig-1 can be induced through different pathways. Moreover, vig-1 is homologous to a recently described human cytomegalovirus-induced gene. Accordingly, vig-1 activation may represent a new virus-induced activation pathway highly conserved in vertebrates. The deduced amino acid sequence of vig-1 is significantly related to sequences required for the biosynthesis of metal cofactors. This suggests that the function of vig-1 may be involved in the nonspecific virus-induced synthesis of enzymatic cofactors of the nitric oxide pathway.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

[Cadaver study of acetabular cup mobility in the healthy hip and prosthesis by monopodal pressure simulation ].

PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY: The purpose of this study was to quantify relative displacement of anterior and posterior horn of the acetabulum lunate surface using Omega strain gauges while increasing loads were applied to the hip joint. Measurement were performed on fresh cadaver bones in unipodal stance using experimental method before and after socket's implantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: [corrected] Nine skeletons, from fresh non-embalmed cadavers, including pelvis, the three last lumbar vertebrae and both femurs were maintained in unipodal equilibrium using metallic cables for muscle passive simulation. Loads were applied up to 700 N. Specific extensometric Omega strain gauges were created and tested, with 5 mu of sensibility. Measurement of displacement between horns were studied on two sides of each pelvic before and after implantation of conventional and prototype cemented or press fit implants. RESULTS: Among 81 loads on 18 acetabulum healthy and implanted, displacement was significant in 58 cases with a spacing of horn of 7 to 140 mu with average 31.1 mu and non significant in 25 cases. On healthy acetabulum, spacing was variable from 12 to 140 mu (average 43.2 mu) in 18 of 26 loads. On implanted acetabulum by different sockets, spacing was variable from 7 to 100 mu (average 27.4 mu) in 40 of 55 loads. Displacement was function of rotation hip, smaller in internal rotation and larger in external rotation. Spacing of horns was reduced in oversize sockets. DISCUSSION: The data obtains by omega strain gauge suggest acetabular displacement is not univocal under load. There were a widening of the acetabular notch on load. This can be explained by the modification of primary incongruity of the two components of the hip joint because of acetabular deformation. Such results are in agreement with recently published data obtained about length of the transverse acetabular ligament.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1999

[Surgery of retinal detachment without giant tears, macular hole or advanced proliferative vitreoretinopathy].

PURPOSE: To evaluate surgical results in usual detachment cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study covered 704 non-referred cases treated by the same surgeon. A follow-up duration of at least 6 months was obtained for all the successful cases. RESULTS: In 617 cases (87.6%) permanent reattachment was obtained with the first operation. The two main causes of initial failure were new or non-sealed breaks in 39 cases, 9 of them treated without a buckle, and postoperative PVR in 36 cases. After repeat surgery 48 additional cases were reattached, finally 665 cases (94.5%) were successfully treated. In all, postoperative PVR occurred in 39 cases, 22 of these were reoperated on, successfully for 16; thus PVR caused 23 of the 39 terminal failures. In 13 other failed cases there were no obvious unsealed break or severe postoperative PVR. A final visual acuity of 20/40 or more was attained in 443 cases. CONCLUSION: PVR although infrequent (5.5%), was the main cause of failure. In 13 cases the reason for non reattachment remained uncertain, these failures may have involved an excessive vitreous traction and perhaps in this situation a vitrectomy with a wide angle viewing system might have been helpful.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1998

Glycaemic control and development of retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a longitudinal study.

Relationships between glycaemic control, hypertension, and development of microangiopathy have been well documented in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) but not in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we have investigated these relationships in a cohort of 64 Type 2 patients free of retinopathy (by angiofluorography), who were regularly followed until development of retinopathy or for at least 7 years as outpatients. Glycaemic control was assessed by 1 to 4 HbA1 determinations per year. Retinal status was monitored by annual angiofluorography. Nonproliferative retinopathy developed in 14 patients (cumulative incidence at 13 years: 29.8%) after a mean diabetes duration of 14.3+/-8.9 years (range 2-27). In multivariate analysis (Cox model), mean HbA1 during follow-up (p < 0.001), and hypertension at first examination (p = 0.09) were associated with the development of retinopathy, but age, sex, BMI, diabetes duration, smoking, and fasting blood glucose were not. The relative risk for developing retinopathy (RR) was 7.2 (IC 95%: 1.61-32.4) in patients with a mean HbA1 during follow-up above the median value of the cohort (8.3%) compared with patients with HbA1 during follow-up below this value. RR was 2.5 (IC 0.8-8) in patients with HbA1 at first examination above compared to below the median value (8.4%). RR was 3.0 (IC 0.9-10) in patients treated for hypertension at baseline compared to those without treatment. A sixfold increase in retinopathy prevalence was observed between patients with mean HbA1 in the highest or lowest quartile of mean HbA1 distribution during follow-up. This longitudinal study indicates a strong association between long-term glycaemic control and the development of diabetic retinopathy in Type 2 diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Functional assessment of macular hole surgery by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate more precisely the benefit of macular hole surgery. DESIGN: The design was a prospective study of 40 eyes in 40 patients examined before and after surgery of full-thickness macular holes with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO). PARTICIPANTS: Forty patients with full-thickness macular holes participated. Three of the holes were stage 2, 23 were stage 3, and 14 were stage 4. INTERVENTION: The SLO examination consisted of macular imaging and assessment of macular function using tests produced by an acousto-optical modulator. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preferred retinal locus (PRL) was determined, visual acuity was measured, and scotoma was detected by microscotometry and by the line test (modified Watzke-Allen test). RESULTS: Anatomic success was achieved in 32 of 40 cases as assessed biomicroscopically. On SLO examination before surgery, macular holes were seen as a central bright round disc outlined by a thin dark edge surrounded by a dark ring and a less dark area with ill-defined limits. In all cases, the PRL was located on the upper edge of the hole, a scotoma was always detected inside the hole, and the line was seen as broken in 26 of 32 cases. After surgery, the hole closed completely in 25 of 32 eyes; it disappeared from 14 of these 25 eyes and was replaced by a dark or clear disc in 11. In the other seven successful cases, its size shrank and its edge flattened but remained faintly visible. The hole remained unchanged in eight cases. Eccentric PRL became central in 28 of 32 cases. The scotoma disappeared in 23 of 32 cases. The line was seen as continuous in 24 of 32 cases. Complete anatomic and functional successes were achieved in 19 of the 32 cases of macular hole closure. CONCLUSION: The SLO examination allows accurate assessment of the anatomic and functional results of macular hole surgery. Various degrees of functional success were recorded, depending on the test used.

Fixation, Ocular↗
PubMed1998

Epiretinal membranes surrounding idiopathic macular holes.

PURPOSE: To describe the features of the epiretinal membranes (ERMs) surrounding idiopathic macular holes. METHODS: The charts of 83 consecutive patients (85 eyes) who underwent macular hole surgery with a systematic search for an ERM around the hole were reviewed. Visual acuity testing, fundus biomicroscopy, red free and blue filter fundus photographs, and fluorescein angiograms were performed before and after surgery. Eyes with and without ERM removal were compared. RESULTS: An ERM was removed from 26 of 85 eyes (30.6%). ERMs were found more frequently in stage 4 than in stage 3 macular holes (76.9% versus 24.6%; P < 0.01). Holes had been present for longer in eyes with ERM than in those without (14.7 versus 8.6 months; P = 0.05). Fewer stage 3 holes with an ERM had an operculum than those without (P = 0.01). The outcome and complication rates were similar in eyes with an ERM and those without. Of the 24 ERMs detectable on blue filter fundus photographs, only 11 (45.6%) were visible on red free photographs. CONCLUSION: We support the hypothesis that the presence of ERMs surrounding idiopathic macular holes is secondary to hole formation.

Aged↗