In vitro fertilization was attempted during a spontaneous cycle in 17 out of 97 patients. Preovulatory urinary estrogen and LH maximas were assayed in order to time celioscopy 24 hours after the onset of the triggering urinary LH maxima. In 8 patients, comparison with plasmatic LH shows that the timing of spontaneous ovulation can be precisely predicted from urine assays. However, when the triggering LH release is weak, LH must be above or equal to 25 IU/g of creatinine with a creatininuria above or equal to 0.4 g/l in two urine samples at a three-hour interval.

Estrogens↗

PubMed1983

[In vitro development of human ovocytes collected during spontaneous ovulation. Effect of the biochemical composition of the follicular fluids].

Development of the in vitro cultured and fertilized ovocyte appears to be improved when progesterone and estrogen concentrations in the follicular fluid are above 2 000 and 1 000 ng/ml respectively, with a A/E ratio under 1 and a PGE/PGF ratio above 0.8. Such criteria are only infrequently fulfilled: once in seven cases. They were found in one of the two patients who had a pregnancy after in vitro fertilization during induced ovulation. Division of ovocytes from spontaneous ovulation was recorded in several instances in spite of a less propitious composition of the follicular fluid.

Androgens↗

PubMed1983

Effect of diphenylhydantoin on unit activity in a cortical epileptogenic focus in the rat.

The correlation between discharges of a penicillin focus and unit activity was studied in the sensorimotor cortex of 30 adult male curarized rats under urethane anaesthesia. Among 43 units, three types of activity could be differentiated: (1) units without any relationship to focal discharges (7% of neurones); (2) units with a biphasic reaction, a burst of spikes during the main negative deflection of the focal discharge followed by a period of inhibition (72%); (3) units inhibited during the whole duration of the focal discharge (21%). The effects of diphenylhydantoin (60 mg/kg i.p.) were studied on 35 units--20 of them were also recorded before administration of diphenylhydantoin and thus included in the above group. Diphenylhydantoin led to decreased representation in groups (1) and (2), whereas the percentage of units inhibited during the focal discharge was increased from 21 to 31%. A decrease in number of spikes in the excitatory burst and/or the prolongation of the inhibitory phase was a consequence of diphenylhydantoin administration in 18 out of 20 neurones with long-lasting recording. A direct action of diphenylhydantoin on the primary epileptogenic focus was thus demonstrated.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Effect of diphenylhydantion on cortical epileptogenic foci in the rat.

In acute experiments we studied the effect of diphenylhydantoin (DPH, 60 mg/kg i.p.) on the activity of cortical penicillin foci in 81 male rats. DPH reduced the discharge frequencies (measured by means of histograms of the intervals between adjacent discharges) and limited the projection of the discharges into non-primary cortical areas. The results for the administration of DPH before formation and after stabilization of the focus were qualitatively the same. DPH statistically significantly slowed down synchronization of the activity of two symmetrical cortical foci, but did not affect the progress of the synchronization of two asymmetrical foci, which was also very slow in the controls. DPH did not inhibit the possibility of triggering focal discharges by peripheral nerve stimulation. A detailed evaluation of focal activity allows the anti-epileptic effect of DPH to be demonstrated even in a model as potent as the penicillin focus in animals without general anaesthesia.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

[Effect of the hormonal environment on the human oocyte and its later development in vitro].

The biosynthesis of progesterone by the granulosa cells that come from follicles from which the oocyte has been fertilized and has divided in vitro is far superior to that from the cells coming from follicles in which the oocyte has failed to develop. This result is in accordance with the raised levels of progesterone and the influence of androgens on lower levels of oestrogens in follicular fluid that evolved favourably. In the same follicles the ratio of concentrations of prostaglandins PGE2 to PGF2 alpha is twice as high as in the liquid from other follicles.

Androgens↗

PubMed1983

[Probability of requests for desterilization. Prospective study of 50 cases].

The reasons for 50 requests for reversal of tubal sterilisation were studied prospectively. Our results agree with those in the rest of the literature and show that within a population of women who have been sterilised there is a group who have "a strong likelihood to ask for reversal of sterilisation". These results make one think of the role of the doctor and can help by using scores that have been worked out previously to improve the indications for sterilisation in case legislation will be forthcoming.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Influence of ethosuximide on metrazol-induced seizures during ontogenesis in rats.

Effects of metrazol (pentylenetetrazole and ethosuximide were studied in male albino rats aged 7, 12, 18 and 90 days. The 18-day-old rats exhibited the highest sensitivity to metrazol. CD50s in the remaining three age groups were nearly the same. Ethosuximide was reliably effective against metrazol only in adult rats; in young animals it did not significantly change CD50s. Metrazol induced in ethosuximide-pretreated young rats either modified (long-lasting minimal seizures in 18-day-old animals) or new seizure patterns (minimal seizures in 7- and 12-day-old rats).

Aging↗

PubMed1983

Influence of certain stimulation parameters on the character of the cortical self-sustained after-discharge.

The ECoG pattern of self-sustained after-discharges (SSADs) evoked by rhythmic electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex is far from uniform. In acute experiments on male rats the authors studied the significance of the frequency, intensity and length of stimulation for the character of the resultant SSAD. In the first group (11 rats), a stimulation frequency of 8 Hz was used; the stimulation series, which lasted 10 and 20 s, always led to the formation of a SSAD composed of spike-and-wave rhythm right from the outset. Shortening the time of stimulation markedly reduced its effectiveness. In the second group (10 animals), stimulation with 50 Hz frequency often evoked a complex SSAD starting with desynchronization, which was followed by fast spike activity of increasing amplitude and only later by spike-and-wave rhythm or by polyspike-and-wave rhythm. Towards the end, serrated waves--i.e. graphoelements typical of SSADs evoked by electrical stimulation of limbic structures--often appeared in the SSAD. A higher stimulation intensity increased the incidence of this complex SSAD. In this group a minimum duration of stimulation was also essential (series of less than 2 s were not reliably effective). When this second type of SSAD ended, depression of ECoG activity was followed in 27% of the cases by a spontaneous recurrent seizure (RS). The ECoG character of these RS can be very variable. The two types of seizures evoked by slow and fast stimulation differ from each other not only in respect of their ECoG pattern (where the difference is probably due to more pronounced propagation to subcortical structures after faster stimulation), but also as regards the presumed mechanism of their onset.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Effects of carbamazepine and diphenylhydantoin on metrazol seizures during ontogenesis in rats.

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Aging↗

PubMed1983

[Predicting ovulation by detecting the preovulatory rise of estrogens and LH in the urine].

The preovulatory LH surge induces final maturation of the ovocyte which makes it suitable for in vitro fertilization. The spontaneous LH peak can be detected in blood or in the urine. Whatever the method of determination, the diagnosis of the triggering LH surge can be done only on strict criteria. This work defines these criteria when urinary Higonavis is used: a rise in the plus signs in two successive samples or a positive result in urine diluted fourfold.

Estrogens↗

PubMed1983

Influence of clonazepam on thalamocortical phenomena in rats.

The influence of clonazepam on thalamo-cortical phenomena was studied in acute experiments in 20 rats. Early components of cortical responses to electrical stimulation of either LA or VDM thalamic nuclei remained unchanged. Only the latency of the late N2 component was significantly shortened after CZP. CZP did not change the incidence of rhythmic after-discharge ("thalamo-cortical spindles") and tended to prolong them. Two types of self-sustained after-discharges of an epileptic nature which could appear after the end of rhythmic thalamic stimulation were influenced differently: Spike-and-wave type was invariably suppressed, serrated wave type of SSAD was generally unchanged by CZP. This last finding speaks in favour of the hypothesis that these two types of SSADs could serve as models of two different epileptic seizures.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Localization of the origin of metrazol-induced rhythmic electrocorticographic activity in rats.

In acute experiments we studied the structures essential for the genesis of rhythmic electrocorticographic activity composed of spike-and-wave rhythm of 5 Hz frequency evoked in rats by the systemic administration of pentamethylenetetrazol. Brain stem transection at intercollicular level did not prevent this rhythmic activity from developing. Episodes of this activity were suppressed during a wave of thalamic spreading depression--in every case on the side of depression and in more than half the cases also in the contralateral hemisphere. We further observed that the effect on rhythmic activity in the sensorimotor and visual region was unequal. It can be concluded that the thalamocortical system is essential for the development of rhythmic metrazol spike-and-wave activity, but that this system is not functionally homogeneous.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Effect of phenobarbital on thalamocortical processes in the rat.

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Animals↗