Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Mares

Publications and source records attributed to P Mares.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Treatment of upper genital infections in women. Multicenter study of the comparative efficacy and tolerance of an amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination and of a triple antibiotic combination].

Eighty-two patients with laparoscopically confirmed salpingitis were randomly divided into two groups in a multicentre and prospective trial. Single drug therapy with the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination was used in 42 patients (group A). The other 40 patients were given a combination of penicillin, aminoside and metronidazole (group B). For each case a secondary prescription for a tetracycline was discussed. Clinical results were comparable in both groups: sooner (at the end of the hospitalization period) in group A: 10 cured, 30 improved and 2 failures against 9 cured, 30 improved in group B. Later (evaluation after 5 to 8 weeks) a relapse was noted in five patients in group A and included one case of angioedema in group B. It is concluded that amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination is a satisfactory alternative to the penicillin-aminoside-metronidazole combination, especially as it is simpler to use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Role of echography in the screening of congenital hip luxation at a maternity department].

Ultrasound was established as a remarkable means of recognizing dysplasia of hips or dislocations in the neonatal period following the work of R. Graf and later in France of H. Gomes and J. Schirrer et al. All the same, different techniques have been suggested and the role of the examination has been debated. Those who advocate routine screening of all pregnancies are in opposition to those who employ it selectively in cases that are known to be abnormal or at risk. The authors report a study carried out in their maternity department using ultrasound of the hip as an examination complementary to clinical screening. Echography has been shown to be able to give more information than radiography of the pelvis which cannot usefully be employed for screening until the age of 4 months. In 1781 newborns examined consecutively the indication for ultrasound of the hip was suggested in 201 cases (11%) and showed an abnormality in 42 patients (21% of the examinations carried out). Exenteration in 2, dysplasia in 8, failure to ossify correctly in 25, and endoscopic laxity without a morphological abnormality in 7 cases. The clinical signs that were used to predict an abnormality on ultrasound were: feminine sex. Clinical appearance of instability and the association of 2 risk factors. 3 cases of dislocation were found. Two of them occurred early and one at the age of 5 months who was a girl delivered by the breech and in whom a delay in ossification was noted at birth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1989

[Fetal blood sampling for karyotype using echoguided puncture of the cord. Study of 103 pregnancies].

Subcutaneous ultrasound guided puncture of the umbilical cord was carried out in order to obtain samples of blood in 103 fetuses. This was done to get the result of the karyotype quickly, i.e. in 72 hours. The indications were for diagnosis, particularly of malformations (63 cases) or intra-uterine growth retardation (24 cases). A small proportion of the indications were those for failures to carry out amniocentesis early or for checking on mosaics that were obtained after the culture of amniotic fluid cells. In 88% of the cases it was possible to obtain a karyotype and the results were checked with the sex of the fetus and the karyotype that had been obtained from amniocentesis. There were 11 abnormalities diagnosed. The chief indication of chromosome abnormality is fetal malformation. Because the result are obtained so quickly cordocentesis should replace late amniocentesis, at present when looking for fetal abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The occupation of the pregnant woman in relation to the course and outcome of pregnancy].

Some occupations are associated with an extra risk during pregnancy. Intensive action is not involved (the relative risk does not exceed the value of 2,000) but with regard to the number of women in these categories it is a significant extensive factor. Based on the results of an analysis of a group of all naturally terminated pregnancies in the district of Gottwaldov in 1981-1983 (6166 pregnancies), as compared with the mean an increased ratio of reproductive losses was recorded in charwomen, hairdressers, teachers, engineers with university education. Prematurity was recorded in particular in waitresses, shop-assistants, nurses, other health workers and women doctors. Workers on the whole have relatively favourable results, however, the risk in these occupation more frequently develops into actual failure of pregnancy (haemorrhage in the 1st trimester, imminent premature child birth). These workers are also more protected by legal leave after a previous childbirth, as compared with other occupations.

Czechoslovakia↗
PubMed1989

Ontogenetic development of ketamine-induced sleeping time and electrocorticographic changes in rats.

Latency to the loss of righting reflex and sleeping time after ketamine were measured in 261 rats aged 7, 12, 18, 25 and 90 days. The sensitivity to ketamine was highest in 7-day-old animals and decreased with age. In the youngest group rats slept after the 20-mg/kg dose whereas not all adult animals lost their righting ability after a dose of 160 mg/kg. Electrocorticographic (ECoG) study demonstrated an age dependence of changes induced by ketamine. The youngest group exhibited only suppression of the originally discontinuous ECoG whereas signs of slow-wave sleep or depression appeared in older rats.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

[Adverse effects of the work process in relation to pregnancy].

Some characteristics of the working activity of pregnant women were investigated during statistical analysis of data pertaining to 6166 naturally terminated pregnancies in the Gottwaldov district (1981-1983). The threatening element from the aspect of spontaneous abortions in the first trimester is work done during most of the shift in a standing position without movement. There also the highest incidence of small-for-age and hypotrophic foetuses was found. Work involving constant movement is a risk and may lead to premature delivery. Manipulation with loads threatens pregnancy by reproductive losses (in particular a higher incidence of haemorrhage during the first trimester) and by prematurity. Social tension at the place of work also threatens pregnancy - at conflict in work places a significantly increased risk was proved. It was also proved that it is important to respect medical recommendation to transfer pregnant women to other work. As to associated factors, commuting was investigated and its adverse effect is particularly apparent when the distance is more than 25 km.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Epidural analgesia with a bupivacaine-fentanyl mixture in obstetrics: comparison of repeated injections and continuous infusion.

We compared the efficacy and side-effects of continuous infusion versus repeated injections of epidural bupivacaine-fentanyl during labour. Forty-four parturients were randomly distributed into two groups balanced for population size, morphology and parity. Analgesia was begun at the same stage of labour with a mixture of 20 ml 0.25 per cent plain bupivacaine and 2 ml (100 micrograms) fentanyl. In Group I the initial dose ranged from 8-12 ml as a function of height; an injection of the same dose was repeated immediately upon recurrence of pain. In Group II, after an initial dose of 5-7 ml, a continuous infusion of 3 ml.h-1 was begun, and continued until full dilatation. Analgesia was rated using a pain scale; effects on maternal blood pressure, respiratory rate and neonatal status were noted. Bupivacaine and fentanyl assays were carried out on maternal venous blood in 30 parturients during the course of labour. There was a longer latency to onset of analgesia in Group II (approximately five minutes), followed by a more constant degree of analgesia. This better analgesia cannot be accounted for by a difference in dosage; doses were significantly lower in Group II, despite the fact that labour was of the same duration. The course of labour, and maternal and neonatal status were comparable in the two groups. Assays showed no difference in bupivacaine blood concentrations between the two groups nor signs of drug accumulation. The constant infusion technique is advantageous since it provides a more regular degree of analgesia with lower doses than those required for patients having repeated injections.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Action of clonazepam and clorazepate on cortical self-sustained after-discharges in the rat.

Self-sustained after-discharges (SSADs) induced by electric stimulation of the sensorimotor cortex in rats exhibited under control conditions a significant progressive prolongation with repeated stimulations. Clonazepam not only blocked this increase in duration but it suppressed and/or abolished SSADs in a dose-dependent manner. Clorazepate in the lowest dose used (10 mg/kg) did not change SSADs. The two higher doses (25 and 50 mg/kg) blocked the prolongation of the 4th SSAD, i.e. this effect had a relatively long latency.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Anti-metrazol action of R 57720 during postnatal development in rats.

The effects of an experimental antiepileptic drug R 57720 (Janssen Pharmaceutica) on metrazol-induced seizures were studied in rats aged 7, 12, 18, 25 and 90 days. R 57720 exhibited a marked dose-dependent anticonvulsant effect against major, generalized tonic-clonic seizures in all the age groups studied. Similar action on minimal metrazol seizures (mMS) was present in rats aged 18 days and more. In the two youngest groups where metrazol did not induce mMS under control conditions, the combination of the 5- and 10-mg/kg doses of R 57720 and metrazol led to the appearance of mMS, whereas mMS failed to appear after the highest dose of R 57720 used (20 mg/kg).

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Influence of cinromide on metrazol--induced seizures during ontogenesis in rats.

The effects of cinromide on two types of metrazol-induced seizures were studied in 236 male rats aged 7, 12, 18, 25 and 90 days. Cinromide was administered intraperitoneally in a dose of 25 or 50 mg.kg-1 30 min before a subcutaneous injection of metrazol. Major, i.e. generalized tonic-clonic seizures could be elicited by metrazol in all age groups. Cinromide was efficient against this type of seizures at all developmental stages, but its action in 7- and especially in 12-day-old rat pups was less marked than in older animals. Minimal metrazol seizures (predominantly clonic) could be reliably elicited since the age of 18 days. Cinromide was also able to suppress this type of seizures, but in adult rats the dose of 75 mg.kg-1 had to be administered because even the 50 mg.kg-1 dose was not sufficient. Quantitative changes of the antimetrazol action of cinromide were demonstrated during maturation in rats.

Aging↗