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Biomedical subjects

P Marchetti

Publications and source records attributed to P Marchetti.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Glucocorticoid receptors and response to polychemotherapy in acute lymphatic leukemia].

Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) levels were quantified in leukemic blasts from peripheral blood of 86 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The subsequent achievement of complete remission after combination chemotherapy was correlated with high receptor levels. Forty-seven of 50 patients with leukemic cells containing more than 6,000 receptor sites and 22 of 36 patients with cells containing less than 6,000 receptor sites achieved remission. The study of glucocorticoid receptors in leukemic cells may predict response to combination chemotherapy in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Tamoxifen induced membrane alterations in human breast cancer cells.

It was previously shown that proliferation of CG-5 cells, an estrogen supersensitive variant of the MCF-7 cell line, is inhibited by tamoxifen starting three days after addition to culture medium. In this paper we report here on the effect of tamoxifen on CG-5 cell membrane morphology using scanning electron microscope. The addition of the antiestrogen to CG-5 cells causes marked alterations of cell surface, consisting of reduction in the length and the number of microvilli. Moreover, cells appear flattened and of reduced thickness. These modifications are more pronounced in cells plated at low density, but they are observed also in nearly confluent monolayers. In this case alterations are more evident in the center of cell islands, while at the periphery there is a certain mobility as reflected by the persistence of few microvilli and philopodia. These early effects of tamoxifen on cell membrane raise the possibility that parallel modifications in membrane function may occur which are responsible for alterations impairing transport mechanisms.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Estrogen-responsive creatine-kinase in the reticulo-epithelial cells of rat thymus.

We have evaluated the presence of the so-called "estrogen-induced protein" (IP) in the thymus of immature rat. IP is one of the earliest proteins synthesized in response to estrogen in rat uterus and has recently been identified as the BB-isozyme of creatine-kinase (J. Biol. Chem. 256 (1981) 5741). Estrogen-exposed tissues were labelled with [35S]methionine and the soluble proteins separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by fluorography. It was observed that estrogen stimulated the labelling of a thymic protein with electrophoretic mobility identical to that of uterine IP. The effect was dose-related and specific for estrogen receptor ligands. Thymic IP, like that of the uterus, was immunoprecipitated equally well by either anti-IP antiserum from rat uterus or anti-BB-creatine-kinase antiserum from rat brain. After purification by ion-exchange and affinity chromatography, there was a parallel increase in the extent of recovery of IP and BB-creatine-kinase activity in both the thymus and the uterus. Using the immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase method with anti-IP serum, the immune-reaction product was localized in a few cells identified as reticulo-epithelial cells. The thymocytes were always free of any reaction product. These data demonstrate that the reticulo-epithelial cells of rat thymus are a target for estrogens.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Comparison of 2 antiseptic soaps used for preoperative showers].

This study was carried out in cardiovascular surgery wards and a single operating room. Two different antiseptic scrubs, A and B, were used for two showers given 48 and 24 hours respectively prior to surgery. A scrub (chlorhexidine digluconate 40 mg/ml) was used in 61 patients and B scrub (benzalkonium chloride 5 mg/ml) in 52, for a total of 113 participants. Clinical and bacteriological evaluations show statistically significant superiority of A scrub.

Antisepsis↗
PubMed1983

Presence and steroid inducibility of glutamine synthetase in human leukemic cells.

Glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2; GS) is present in lymphoblasts from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) as well as in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. In 16 out of 20 ALL patients studied exposure of the cells to physiological concentrations of dexamethasone in vitro increased enzyme activity above the control levels. The increase was specific for glucocorticoid receptor ligands. A direct correlation was found between the magnitude of glucocorticoid-mediated increase of GS activity and the cellular levels of specific glucocorticoid receptors assayed in the same cell specimen. Moreover, the basal levels of the enzyme measured in cells prior to exposure to dexamethasone correlated negatively with receptor density. It is suggested that the presence of steroid-inducible GS in ALL cells may prove to be a marker for functional receptor sites.

Enzyme Induction↗