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Biomedical subjects

P Maillet

Publications and source records attributed to P Maillet.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current status of low molecular weight heparin].

Low molecular weight heparins, discovered in 1976, are obtained from standard heparin by chemical or enzyme depolymerisation. Lowering of the molecular weight of polysaccharide chains has enabled dissociation of anti-IIa activity, associated with the risk of hemorrhage, from anti-Xa activity which forms the basis of anti-thrombotic activity. The anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio varies according to low molecular weight heparin preparations from 2.5 to 10, while it is invariably 1 for standard heparin. Pharmacokinetics and a bioavailability of the order of 100 percent are undeniable advantages which distance them even farther from standard heparin. Clinical trials have provided validation as prophylaxis in general surgery and orthopedic surgery without laboratory surveillance apart from platelets, with the technique of use being very easy for nursing staff. Various trials concerned with the curative treatment of deep devnous thrombosis have shown that low molecular weight heparins are equally effective as non-fractionated heparin with, apparently, less hemorrhagic complications. However the lack of homogeneity of units, despite the international standard, requires prescribers to comply with the dosages and laboratory monitoring (anti-Xa activity) indicated by different manufacturers, which forms a barrier to their use.

Biological Availability↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The advantages of palliative resection in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

A series of 223 resections for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma performed from 1975 to 1982 (70% were palliative or cleaning resections) is presented. Postoperative mortality and morbidity are not significantly different after palliative resection from those after curative resection. The long-term results are encouraging and clearly superior to those obtained with other medical and surgical palliative therapies. These findings lead the authors to support the use of palliative resection for esophageal carcinoma, except in cases of cervical tumors with a poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Esophageal and gastric fistulas following surgery of the esophagogastric junction].

Seven cases of oesophageal and gastric fistulae after hiatal hernia surgery are reported: 4 fistulae occurred after an abdominal anti-reflux repair; 3 after an intrathoracic Nissen repair. The clinical symptomatology of these complications highly influences their therapeutical strategy. The fistulae with only an abdominal manifestation (subphrenic abscess or peritonitis) are opposed to those with mediastinal or pleural symptoms. The different modalities of treatment and their results are analysed. The authors prefer in case of a fistula with abdominal manifestation a directed fistulization associated with enteral alimentation; in case of a fistulae with thoracic manifestation an oesophageal exclusion with delayed restoration of G.I. tract continuity is indicated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A case of 2-stage traumatic rupture of the abdominal aorta].

A case of post traumatic rupture of the abdominal aorta, secondary to blunt abdominal trauma, is reported. Treatment was in two stages due to its masking by an extensive retroperitoneal hematoma. Review of the literature discloses its extreme rarity and poor prognosis.

Abdominal Injuries↗