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Biomedical subjects

P Macpherson

Publications and source records attributed to P Macpherson.

83 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Correlation between angiographic findings and the ischaemia of head injury.

The carotid angiograms of 96 patients who had died from non-missile head injury were reviewed and assessed for evidence of arterial spasm, slowing of the cerebral circulation, and the presence of intracranial haemotoma. As bilateral angiography had been done in 44 cases the results are based on a correlation between the angiographic appearances and the presence or absence of ischaemic brain damage in the cortex of 140 cerebral hemispheres. There was a significant relationship between spasm alone, the presence of intracranial haematoma alone, or their combination, and ischaemic damage in the ipsilateral cortex. Apart from an association between the more severe grades of spasm and slowing of circulation in the group with ischaemia within arterial territories, there was none between slowing of the circulation or the combination of slowing with either spasm or haematoma and ischaemic brain damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Pseudo-occlusion of the internal carotid artery.

In a ten-year period, 31 cases of pseudo-occlusion of the internal carotid artery were seen; 42 carotid angiograms were available for analysis. On the first film of the series the contrast came to a tapered end in the cervical portion of the internal carotid artery in 16; extended to the carotid canal in 11; to the siphon in eight and to proximal intracranial vessels in seven. In 17 patients later films showed advance of the contrast. In four it did not get beyond the foramen lacerum; in eight it reached the siphon and in five the proximal intracranial vessels. Eight angiograms of patients with intracranial occlusion were examined and showed identical appearances. Contrast opacified the middle menigeal artery in 29 of the 31 pseudo-occlusion cases. The circulation time was slow in 28. The circulation times through the middle menigeal artery were more or less identical with those in the superficial temporal arteries and unaffected by systolic blood pressure. Twenty-three of the pseudo-occlusion cases were being ventilated and 25 had fixed dilated pupils. The commonest aetiological factors were trauma, haematoma due to ruptured aneurysm and primary tumour. In the occlusion group no case was being ventilated and only one had fixed dilated pupils. Course of action on finding the appearances of pseudo-occlusion is suggested.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1973

Arterial spasm and slowing of the cerebral circulation in the ischaemia of head injury.

Carotid angiograms of 33 patients who had died during 1968 and 1969 from blunt head injury were reviewed and assessed for evidence of arterial spasm and slowing of the cerebral circulation. Spasm was found in 57·5%, a prolonged circulation time in 57·5%, and a combination of both features in 42·4% of cases. In the same group of patients there was also a high incidence of ischaemic brain damage. There appeared to be some correlation between arterial spasm and ischaemic damage in the cerebral cortex, but none in the basal ganglia or in the white matter. There was no apparent correlation between a prolonged cerebral circulation time and ischaemic brain damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1969

Correlation between lung asbestos count at necropsy and radiological appearances.

In the first 100 of a series of 600 consecutive necropsies for which a chest x-ray film had been taken within a year of death the features of asbestosis were observed in eight of the nine cases where the asbestos count at subsequent necropsy exceeded 40. In only one of these cases had the diagnosis of asbestosis been suggested during life. The higher the asbestos count the greater the likelihood of radiographic abnormalities, particularly calcified and non-calcified pleural plaques on the chest wall and diaphragm.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Regulation of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase expression in the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Raji.

We have investigated the expression of the DNA-repair enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Raji. An existing mutant Raji cell line which lacks thymidine kinase activity had previously been shown to be Mex- and to no longer express O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase. We report here that in addition to the methyltransferase and thymidine kinase, a third enzyme with an unrelated function, galactokinase, is also not expressed in Raji cells. The control of thymidine kinase expression is post-transcriptional and it is possible that galactokinase and methyltransferase can share a common post-transcriptional regulation with thymidine kinase.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A quantitative index of ventricular and extraventricular intracranial CSF volumes using MR imaging.

A new technique is described that utilises a novel magnetic resonance pulse sequence to produce a quantitative index both for ventricular and, for the first time, extraventricular intracranial CSF volumes. The pulse sequence is a combination of a null-point inversion recovery sequence with an extended spin-echo read (echo time = 400 ms), which produces a contrast of CSF to white or grey matter of approximately 120:1. A series of experiments are performed on phantoms representing CSF filled ventricles and sulci over a wide range of volume values, and it is found that the standard deviation of differences between true and estimated values is 3.9% for ventricles, 4.6% for total cranial CSF, and 7.9% for CSF within the sulci. Normal volunteer reproducibility studies revealed corresponding standard deviations of less than 5.5%. Using the technique to produce absolute estimates of CSF volumes in normal subjects and patients produced results in good agreement with previously published necropsy studies. The technique has wide neurological and neurosurgical applicability particularly in terms of differential diagnosis and as an objective monitor of therapy or progression in conditions such as hydrocephalus, atrophy, and benign intracranial hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

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