Peptides incorporating electrophilic glutamine analogues as potential transglutaminase inhibitors.
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
Biomedical subjects
P M Doyle
Publications and source records attributed to P M Doyle.
Establishing conditional discriminations: concurrent versus isolation-intermix instruction.
This paper describes an investigation comparing the effectiveness and efficiency (sessions to criterion, errors to criterion, minutes of instructional time) of concurrent and isolation-intermix instruction in teaching four preschool children to read words found in community and school environments. Two students were taught words using constant time delay and two progressive time delay across the two different conditions. Concurrent instruction consisted of two sessions per day where two words were randomly presented within each session until criterion was reached and a conditional discrimination was established. The isolation-intermix condition involved two sessions per day where each word was taught in separate daily sessions until criterion was reached and a simple discrimination was established (isolation instruction); followed by random presentation of both words within each daily session until the conditional discrimination was acquired (intermix). Concurrent instruction resulted in students learning conditional discriminations in fewer trials and minutes of instructional time. These data suggest that teachers should structure their instruction to teach conditional discriminations from the beginning rather than teaching simple discriminations.
Attention↗
Review of comparative studies in the instruction of students with moderate and severe handicaps.
Systematic instructional strategies that investigators have used with students who display moderate to severe handicaps were identified and defined. The investigations which directly compared two or more strategies were analyzed, and summary statements/recommendations about the relative effectiveness and efficiency of the strategies were made. Analyzing the effectiveness of the procedures involved determining which strategies successfully taught skills to subjects. The efficiency of the strategies was analyzed on measures which indicated the skills were taught in a productive and timely manner (i.e., trials to criterion, sessions to criterion, errors to criterion, direct instruction time). Recommendations for future research and practice include (a) conduct more studies comparing the effectiveness and efficiency of instructional strategies, (b) conduct investigations of the specific variables of single strategies to identify the most efficient use of each procedure, (c) expand the efficiency measures to assess whether students learn information not directly targeted for instruction, and (d) conduct research to determine which strategy is best to use with given types of students and skills.
Behavior Therapy↗
Comparison of response prompting procedures in teaching numeral identification to autistic subjects.
This investigation compared the effectiveness and efficiency (sessions, trials, percentage of errors, direct instructional time through criterion, and incidental information learned) of constant time delay and system of least prompts in teaching students with autism to name numerals. Two sessions were provided each day; one with constant time delay and one with system of least prompts. Two students learned 16 numerals, and one student did not learn any numerals with these two procedures. The parallel treatments design was used to assess the effects of the two instructional strategies. The results indicate that both procedures were effective in raising responding to criterion levels for two subjects. The constant time-delay procedure was more efficient than the system of least prompts procedure in terms of sessions, trials, percentage of errors, and direct instructional time through criterion. No differences in efficiency were found for the measure of incidental information learned.
Association Learning↗
Munchausen's syndrome with multiple pulmonary manifestations.
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Acute Disease↗
Near infrared spectroscopy in fetal monitoring.
Fetal monitoring using near infrared spectroscopy offers the first realistic prospect of documenting real-time changes in fetal cerebral oxygenation during labour. This article explores the technical background, presents some of the results obtained and speculates on potential future developments.
Female↗