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Biomedical subjects

P Loiseau

Publications and source records attributed to P Loiseau.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Adolescence epilepsy--a clinical, electroencephalographical and prognostic study (author's transl)].

Epileptic seizures are almost as common in adolescence as in childhood. They have the same etiologies or, more often, lack any etiology, However, their clinical and electroencephalographical features are different. Primary generalized epilepsy is chiefly represented by clonic-tonic seizures, with or without myoclonias. The prognosis is better if only one type of seizure is present. Secondary generalized epilepsies are very rare. Partial epilepsies, almost as frequent as generalized epilepsies, are represented by either elementary or complex partial seizures. Elementary partial seizures are more common and usually of good prognosis. The prognosis is poor for complex partial seizures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Epilepsies of the young adult (author's transl)].

Data on 614 epileptic patients whose first seizure occurred between the ages of 19 and 29 were reviewed and some clinical and electroencephalographical features compared, in order to clear up the semiology and etiology of this type of late-onset epilepsy. Partial epilepsies were more numerous than generalized epilepsies and post-traumatic epilepsies the more frequent. We could only study the evolution of 305 patients for 5 years or more: 60% were not stabilized but, probably, those who were free of seizures no longer consulted the physician. It seems difficult to compare our findings with other studies, the age periods in the latter being too broad (childhood epilepsy, late or very late onset epilepsy).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Sodium valproate, platelet dysfunction, and bleeding.

The antiepileptic drug sodium valproate (VPA) can provoke a thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction, with or without hemorrhages. These unwanted side effects are probably infrequent or, at least, have little clinical importance except in patients undergoing surgery. Thromboelastography appears to be a reliable screening test. As hematological abnormalities are often dose related, VPA dosages greater than 40 mg/kg/day are not advised.

Blood Platelet Disorders↗
PubMed1980

Meal-dependent absorption of enteric-coated sodium valproate.

The effect of meals on valproic acid (VPA) absorption from an enteric coated (EC) formulation was investigated. In study I, six adult normal volunteers received a single 500 mg dose of sodium valproate in randomized treatments: fasting (A), with a meal (B) or 3 hours after a meal (C). There were significant differences between treatments in the latency period (Lp) defined as the time during which measured concentrations of VPA were less than 1 microgram/ml. Lp values for treatments A, B and C were: 1.67 +/- 1.25 hr, 6.75 +/- 3.98 hr and 7.63 +/- 3.15 hr respectively. In study II, six subjects (five from study I) received in a randomized fashion a 400 mg intravenous bolus dose of VPA and a 500 mg EC VPA tablet, 3 hours after a meal. The mean Lp value was 8.1 +/- 1.6 hr and the mean bioavailability was 100%. Clearance, volume of distribution and half-life values obtained after intravenous dosing were comparable to literature values. These results indicate that food intake delays but does not decrease the extent of absorption of VPA from an enteric coated formulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Multiple affections of the cranial nerves as a pathognomonic sign of periarteritis nodosa. Relationship with Cogna's syndrome (author's transl)].

A 43-year-old woman was found to have multiple cranial neuritis affections, present as an isolated disorder over a long period, and characterized by bilateral deafness and associated lesions of the VII and V cranial nerves. On investigation, visual disturbances were discovered which were of a transitory nature and made up a total clinical picture suggesting Cogan's syndrome. Neuropathological examination revealed the presence of typical periarteritis nodosa lesions in the cranial nerves. The authors suggest, therefore, that certain cases described as Cogan's syndrome are in fact particular forms of periarteritis nodosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Goodglass and Kaplan's test in patients with language difficulties due to thalamic lesions (author's transl)].

Two out of three patients with language difficulties from ischemic, tumoral, or hemorrhagic lesions of the left thalamus were studied by means of Goodglass and Kaplan's test. Results were compared to those obtained by using the same test in a patient with a hemorrhagic lesion in the posterior ramus of the left internal capsule, but no thalamic lesion. They demonstrate the autonomy of the clinical picture of "thalamic aphasia" as described in several cases reported in the published literature. The suggestion is made that the term, aphasia, can be applied to these cases as long as care is taken when defining them.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

An unrecognized syndrome of benign focal epileptic seizures in teenagers?

145 out of 1570 patients whose first fit occurred between the ages of 10 and 20 years and began as a focal seizure had no further fits for at least 5 years. This benign (non-recurring) form of focal seizures appears to be a distinct clinical entity. Its features, based on an analysis of the case-notes of 83 of the 145 cases, include: appearance of fit between the ages of 12--18 years in 84% cases; a higher incidence among males; an absence of family history of fits and of other factors predisposing to fits; normal electroencephalogram (E.E.G.) or non-specific, non-focal E.E.G. changes; and progression to generalised fits in 80.3%. The diagnosis can be suspected at presentation but confirmed only after a recurrence-free period without treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Evoked potentials in movement epilepsy (a report on 4 observations) (author's transl)].

A study of evoked potentials; visual (V.E.P.) auditory (A.E.P), and somatosensorial (S.E.P.) in 4 cases of movement epilepsy. Their correlation to clinical findings (provoking factors, control of the attacks), electroencephalographic and neuroradiological (scanner) data, shows that two types of information can be obtained: lesional and functional. Three types of modification can be described: a) the topographically limited changes in E.P. depend on lesional localization; b) the increase in amplitude of the late components and of the post-discharge of the E.P. ("paroxystical" aspect) appear to be a characteristic common to all epilepsies, whatever the mechanism; c) the abnormal exaggeration of the E.P. during voluntary movement seems to be a dynamic element peculiar to movement epilepsy. The information given by E.P.'s in some well-defined cases of epilepsy suggest that it is possible to draw conclusions from tests of the capacity for sensory-motor control to enable functional therapy of some attacks.

Adolescent↗