Biomedical subjects

P Lakatos

Publications and source records attributed to P Lakatos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Efficacy and tolerability of once-monthly oral ibandronate in postmenopausal osteoporosis: 2 year results from the MOBILE study.

BACKGROUND: Reducing bisphosphonate dosing frequency may improve suboptimal adherence to treatment and therefore therapeutic outcomes in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Once-monthly oral ibandronate has been developed to overcome this problem. OBJECTIVE: To confirm the 1 year results and provide more extensive safety and tolerability information for once-monthly dosing by a 2 year analysis. METHODS: MOBILE, a randomised, phase III, non-inferiority study, compared the efficacy and safety of once-monthly ibandronate with daily ibandronate, which has previously been shown to reduce vertebral fracture risk in comparison with placebo. RESULTS: 1609 postmenopausal women were randomised. Substantial increases in lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) were seen in all treatment arms: 5.0%, 5.3%, 5.6%, and 6.6% in the daily and once-monthly groups (50 + 50 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg), respectively. It was confirmed that all once-monthly regimens were at least as effective as daily treatment, and in addition, 150 mg was found to be better (p<0.001). Substantial increases in proximal femur (total hip, femoral neck, trochanter) BMD were seen; 150 mg produced the most pronounced effect (p<0.05 versus daily treatment). Independent of the regimen, most participants (70.5-93.5%) achieved increases above baseline in lumbar spine or total hip BMD, or both. Pronounced decreases in the biochemical marker of bone resorption, sCTX, observed in all arms after 3 months, were maintained throughout. The 150 mg regimen consistently produced greater increases in BMD and sCTX suppression than the 100 mg and daily regimens. Ibandronate was well tolerated, with a similar incidence of adverse events across groups. CONCLUSIONS: Once-monthly oral ibandronate is at least as effective and well tolerated as daily treatment. Once-monthly administration may be more convenient for patients and improve therapeutic adherence, thereby optimising outcomes.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2005

Is there any connection between the presence of kidney stones in primary hyperparathyroidism and the location of an underlying adenoma?

The majority of the patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) recurrently produce kidney stones, while the rest have other clinical manifestations. The aim of this study was to examine the possibility of an association between the presence of kidney stones and the location of an underlying adenoma. This was a retrospective evaluation of the records of 91 patients (10 males, 81 females, mean age: 61.9 years [20 - 70 yrs]) operated for primary hyperparathyroidism between 1995 and 2000. One patient was excluded due to carcinoma. Kidney stones were found in 55 cases and other clinical symptoms in 35 cases. In 50 of the 55 patients (91 %) with kidney stones, the adenoma was located in the left inferior parathyroid gland (chi2 = 67.5, p < 0.00,001), while in 24 of the 35 patients (69 %) without kidney stones, the adenoma was in the right inferior parathyroid gland (chi2 = 43.9, p < 0.0001). These results suggest that the location of the adenoma may influence the presence of kidney stones in pHPT. It is proposed that the biologic effects of parathyroid hormone could differ depending on which of the four parathyroid glands it was secreted in, or the four glands may produce different biologically active fragments.

Adenoma↗

PubMed2005

Serum 25(OH)-vitamin D levels and bone metabolism in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

AIMS: An increasing amount of evidence suggests that 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) may contribute to the bone health of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The underlying vitamin D status of these patients, however, has often been neglected. In a cross-sectional study we assessed the association between vitamin D status and parathyroid function, bone turnover, bone mass and structure in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. METHODS: 69 patients on maintenance hemodialysis were assessed by bone densitometry (DEXA) and quantitative bone ultrasound (QUS). Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 levels, serum markers of bone turnover and clinical data were tabulated. RESULTS: A high prevalence of potentially significant vitamin D3 deficiency was found in this patient group: 59% of the patients had a 25(OH)D3 level below 20 nmol/l. There was a significant negative correlation between serum 25(OH)D3 levels and serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (r = -0.231, p < 0.05), and this association remained significant after controlling for potential covariables. Furthermore, we show here that serum 25(OH)D3 concentration is positively correlated with bone mineral density (BMD) measured at the radius (r = 0.424, p < 0.01). Finally, we show for the first time that 25(OH)D3 levels are significantly and independently correlated with broadband ultrasound attenuation (beta = 0.262, p < 0.05) measured with calcaneal quantitative bone ultrasound (QUS) in patients with chronic renal failure. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D3 deficiency may contribute to the impaired bone health of patients on maintenance dialysis.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed2004

Vitamin D receptor, oestrogen receptor-alpha and calcium-sensing receptor genotypes, bone mineral density and biochemical markers in Paget's disease of bone.

OBJECTIVES: The significance of genetic polymorphisms in the development of Paget's disease of bone is unclear at present. METHODS: We analysed the BsmI polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, the PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms of the oestrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha) gene, and the A986S polymorphism of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene in 69 pagetic patients and 120 healthy subjects. We also examined the relationship of these polymorphisms with lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD as well as with biochemical parameters (serum alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and parathyroid hormone) in Paget's disease. RESULTS: The XbaI and PvuII genotype distributions of the ER alpha gene were significantly different between patients with Paget's disease and control subjects (P<0.001). Also, the CaSR A986S genotype frequency was significantly different between pagetic patients and controls (P<0.01). No significant effect of gene polymorphisms on BMD or biochemical parameters of bone turnover was observed. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the ER alpha PvuII/XbaI and CaSR A986S polymorphisms may contribute to genetic susceptibility to Paget's disease. However, further studies are required to investigate the underlying pathomechanism and to replicate the associations.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Effects of 24 months of growth hormone (GH) treatment on serum carboxylated and undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels in GH-deficient adults.

We studied the effect of growth hormone (GH) replacement on bone mineral density (BMD) and some parameters of bone metabolism, including undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), an independent predictive marker of fracture risk, which has not been previously determined or compared during GH treatment. Measurements were performed at baseline and after 6, 12, 18 and 24 months of the initiation of the GH therapy in 21 adult patients with GH deficiency. Significant increases were observed in BMD after 1 year at the lumbar spine and after 1.5 years at the femoral neck. Serum total OC and carboxylated (c) OC increased and reached the maximum at 6 months, but the values remained over the baseline at both 12 and 18 months. The ucOC:total OC ratio changed contrarily: it decreased at 6 months, then increased again and reached the baseline level during the next 18 months. Serum calcium (Ca), phosphate (P) and total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels increased after 6 months, thereafter the Ca and P values decreased, while the total ALP remained elevated until 12 months. Serum parathormone decreased at 12 months and increased again thereafter. GH replacement therapy is associated with improvement of ucOC, a marker of fracture risk, which in addition to the increase of BMD, might contribute to the beneficial effect of GH replacement therapy on bone metabolism.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Parathyroid surgical failures with misleading falls of intraoperative parathyroid hormone levels.

According to earlier reports, a decrease below 50% of baseline of intraoperative PTH levels measured 5 min after resection of the parathyroid adenoma predicts a cure of hyperparathyroidism. To reveal previously unrecognized pitfalls of intraoperative PTH measurements, we reviewed surgical failures in our series of parathyroidectomies combined with intraoperative PTH sampling. PTH measurements were performed in 251 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) between November 1999 and December 2002. PHPT due to parathyroid hyperplasia were found in 8 cases, double parathyroid adenomas in 6 cases, parathyroid carcinoma in 1 case and single parathyroid adenomas in 236 cases, all confirmed by histological examination. Of the 236 cases of single adenomas, initial surgery failed to cure PHPT in 4 patients. In 3 patients a false-positive decrease of intraoperative PTH (from 269 to 40 pg/ml, from 211 to 27 pg/ml, and from 140 to 59 pg/ml) was observed, whereas in the fourth patient a true-negative decrease of intraoperative PTH (from 758 to 401 pg/ml) was mistakenly interpreted as indication for a cure of PHPT. In each of the 4 patients in whom initial surgery failed the intervention included thyroid surgery and reoperative parathyroid surgery resulted in a permanent cure of PHPT. These observations support the possibility that thyroid surgery may compromise the blood supply of parathyroid adenomas resulting in a misleading drop of intraoperative PTH levels. Therefore, a careful evaluation of intraoperative PTH levels and, perhaps, other intraoperative aids such as histological evaluation of frozen sections are recommended when parathyroid surgery is combined with simultaneous thyroid intervention.

Adenoma↗

PubMed2003

Thyroid hormones: beneficial or deleterious for bone?

The mechanism of action as well as the clinical effects of thyroid hormones on bone has been of interest for more than a century. With the appearance of new treatment modalities for thyroid function disorders, the accompanying alterations in bone metabolism appeared to be rare. However, the introduction of new diagnostic tools, such as osteodensitometry and biochemical bone markers, has changed our view since they were able to show smaller but important changes in bone mineral metabolism associated with thyroid function disorders. Now, we know that hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased life-time risk for fractures, even after achieving euthyroidism. This fact may play an important role in the higher mortality rate among previously hyperthyroid patients later in life. Subclinical hyperthyroidism may also affect bone density, however, its effect on fracture rate remains to be established. The lack of thyroid hormones will alter normal growth during childhood. Adult hypothyroid patients tend to exhibit higher than normal bone density. Despite rather increased bone quantity, hypothyroidism is accompanied with increased fracture risk before and after diagnosis. The effect of thyroid hormone treatment on bone tissue is somewhat controversial. Nevertheless, only patients with suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) appear to loose bone and have higher fracture incidence, whereas patients with a TSH level in the normal range seem to have similar bone mineral content and fracture rate as euthyroid subjects. In summary, most of thyroid function disorders may result in reduced bone density and/or increased fracture rate that should be taken into consideration at clinical evaluation.

Bone Density↗

PubMed2003

Calcium metabolism and endocrine functions in a family with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia.

OBJECTIVE: We report two Hungarian patients with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) caused by a mutation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) at codon 55. The proband and her father were heterozygous for this mutation. DESIGN: We performed detailed clinical and laboratory assessments of this family to characterize the effects of CaSR mutation on several endocrine organs expressing CaSR. RESULTS: Interestingly, we could not detect any failure in the function of any tissues we examined, except in serum calcium levels. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this has been the first report from Eastern and Central Europe showing P55 L mutation of the CaSR, as well as the first publication discussing the effect of this mutation on several endocrine systems containing CASR.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Mechanisms of action of antiresorptive therapies of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

In the treatment of osteoporosis, the aim of the antiresorptive therapy is to restore bone density by decreasing bone remodeling. The process of bone remodeling plays a role in plasma calcium homeostasis and serves to modify bone architecture in order to meet changing mechanical needs, to maintain osteocyte viability, and to repair microdamage in bone matrix. Estrogen deficiency results in a number of detrimental effects on bone, including suppression of osteocyte survival as well as impairment of osteoblast response to mechanical stimuli and repair of ageing bone. In this review, effects of available antiresorptive therapies on endocrine regulations of bone metabolism in postmenopausal osteoporosis are compared. The aim of antiresorptive treatment is to ensure adequate bone remodeling, reparation of microdamage of bone, and increased bone strength. Ideally, this effect should be maintained long-term. Several agents are approved for the treatment of osteoporosis. Calcitonin transiently inhibits osteoclast activity without decreasing osteoblast collagen synthesis. Aminobisphosphonates decrease bone remodeling by decreasing osteoclast activity and by inducing osteoclast apoptosis. This allows more time for secondary mineralization to proceed to completion in the existing bone tissue mass, so increasing the mechanical resistance of bone to loading. Estrogens and raloxifene (a selective estrogen receptor modulator that acts as an estrogen agonist in bone) suppress bone remodeling to the premenopausal range, maintaining the function of osteoblasts and osteocytes. In the placebo-controlled osteoporosis treatment trials, all the above treatments reduced the risk of fractures. Raloxifene therapy was also associated with a favorable or neutral effect in the cardiovascular system, and a reduced incidence of breast cancer. Selection of appropriate drug for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis should take into account the long-term effect of the antiresorptive agent on bone. Moreover, the effects on other tissues ++should also be considered, and this encompasses both safety concerns, as well as the potentially beneficial effects on other tissues. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the different modes of action of these agents, and their long-term effects on bone and other tissues.

Alendronate↗

PubMed2002

Calcium-sensing receptor A986S polymorphism in human rectal cancer.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In vivo and in vitro experiments show the protective role of calcium ions (Ca2+) against colorectal cancer. The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) detects extracellular Ca2+ concentration. An association between the CaSR A986S polymorphism and serum calcium in healthy adults has been reported. Subjects with AA genotype had lower serum concentrations of Ca2+ than other genotypes. The expression of erbB-2, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p53, and ras in colorectal cancer has been suggested to have diagnostic and prognostic significance. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We investigated the relationship between the CaSR A986S polymorphism and the expression of erbB-2, EGFR, p53, and ras as well as the UICC stage in 56 patients with rectal cancer. RESULTS: The occurrence of the genotype AA was not different in cancer patients and in 112 controls. In the presence of the coexpression of major oncogenes, patients with genotype AA were in significantly higher UICC stages than in the case of AS genotype. During the follow-up period AA genotype showed a tendency for poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our observation raises the possibility that genetic alterations of CaSR influence the pathogenesis of rectal cancer.

Calcium↗

PubMed2002

Lack of association between calcium-sensing receptor gene "A986S" polymorphism and bone mineral density in Hungarian postmenopausal women.

Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is an attractive candidate gene for osteoporosis susceptibility. The CaSR "A986S" genotype has been shown to have an effect on serum calcium. Recently, an association has been reported between the CaSR gene A986S polymorphism and bone mineral density in healthy white girls. In this study, we examined whether CaSR gene A986S polymorphism is associated with decreased bone mass in 230 Hungarian postmenopausal women. From this cohort, 108 osteoporotic patients were compared with 122 healthy control women. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the lumbar spine (L2-4) and femoral neck using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify A986S polymorphisms of the CaSR gene. We found no difference in the distribution of different alleles or genotypes between groups (p = 0.762). No significant effect of CaSR genotype on BMD was observed either in the whole population or in the subgroups. Our data do not support the idea that CaSR gene A986S polymorphism has an impact on bone mass.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Decreased bone density, elevated serum osteoprotegerin, and beta-cross-laps in Wilson disease.

Osteopathia has been reported in Wilson disease (WD), but bone density has not been measured; therefore, we performed bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and quantitative bone ultrasound (QUS) assessments, as well as measured the serum levels of osteocalcin (OCN), beta-cross-laps (beta-CTx's), and the recently discovered osteoprotegerin (OPG) and its ligand RANKL to investigate the underlying mechanism of osseous disorders. Serum OCN, beta-CTx, OPG, and RANKL levels were measured by ELISA in 21 WD patients and in 20 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects. BMD, BMC, and QUS parameters were also determined. Osteoporosis was present in 9/21 (43%) WD patients. Abnormal QUS parameters were found in 7 (33%) of the patients. Although serum OCN levels were similar in patients and controls (29.93 +/- 24.65 mg/ml vs. 29.84 +/- 6.89 mg/ml), beta-CTx and OPG levels were significantly increased in WD compared with the healthy controls (625.4 +/- 312.3 pg/ml vs. 423.6 +/- 144.3 pg/ml and p = 0.022 and 7.2 +/- 3.4 pM vs. 3.5 +/- 1.0 pM and p < 0.001, respectively). No difference was observed in the RANKL level. There was a positive correlation between OCN and beta-CTx (r = 0.55; p = 0.01). We proved high occurrence of osteoporosis in WD. Negative bone remodeling balance is a consequence of increased bone resorption, which is indicated by elevated beta-CTx. The novel finding of elevated serum OPG may reflect a compensatory reaction to enhanced osteoclast activity, despite the normal OCN level.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Frequency of gamma activity is modulated by motivation in the auditory cortex of cat.

Repetitive acoustic stimuli elicit steady-state response (SSR) in the gamma-band both in humans and in mammals. Our aim was to investigate changes of the spontaneous gamma activity and the SSR in the auditory cortex of cats in the background of an instrumental conditioning situation. Epidural electrodes were chronically implanted above the auditory neocortex. The presentation rate of the clicks varied between 20 and 65/s. Spontaneous EEG and SSR were collected in three behavioral states: in an indifferent environment, in the instrumental cage while the cat was waiting for the light CS, and when she stepped on the pedal and was waiting for the meat reward. Using different repetition rate clicks we determined which stimulus rate elicited the largest SSR in these three situations. In quiet animal the highest SSR appeared at 28-30/s. Before and during the CS the optimal stimulus rate shifted to 32-38/s. The frequency of the spontaneous gamma activity changed in parallel way depending on the situation. We conclude that both the SSR and the spontaneous gamma activity reflect resonant activity of the same neuronal circuit of the auditory cortex, and it is modulated by the motivational state of the animal.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[The role of estrogen receptor, vitamin D receptor and calcium receptor genotypes in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer].

In this study, the Xbal polymorphisms of the estrogen-, the Bsml polymorphism of the vitamin D- as well as the A986S polymorphism of the calcium-sensing receptor genes were investigated in 56 patients with colorectal cancer. The expression of erbB-2, epidermal growth factor receptor, ras, p53 and their relationship to estrogen-, vitamin D- and calcium-sensing receptor genotypes were also studied. In subjects exhibiting XX genotype of the estrogen receptor gene or bb genotype of the vitamin D receptor gene, erbB-2 expression was significantly lower compared to those with xx, Xx or BB, Bb (6/56 and 11/56 vs. 31/56 and 26/56; p = 0.0043 and 0.041). The presence of the XX alleles of estrogen receptor gene significantly correlated with the overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor expression in tumors, whereas in xx and Xx genotypes, significantly higher expression was seen (7/56 vs. 30/56; p = 0.049). Analyzing the combinations of the two gene allelic variants, we have found XXbb genotype to be associated with a significantly lower erbB-2 expression, compared to other combinations (Xxbb, XxBb, XXBb) (2/7 vs. 7/7, 4/5, 4/5; p = 0.0011). Patients with AA calcium-sensing receptor genotype were in higher UICC stages at the time of discovery of their disease than those with AS genotype. The AA allelic variant of the calcium-sensing gene was more frequent among patients with colorectal cancer compared to controls (36/56 vs. 36/112; p = 0.0004). Our observations raise the possibility that estrogen-, and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms accompanied with variable oncogene expression might influence the pathogenic processes resulting in the development of colorectal cancer. The A986S polymorphism of calcium-sensing receptor might also be a prognostic marker of the disease.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Follow-up study of bone mineral density in postmenopausal patients with primary biliary cirrhosis].

Osteopenia is a common complication in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). In this follow-up study the authors investigated the metabolic bone disease in postmenopausal PBC patients. 17 Ca and vitamin D supplemented, postmenopausal female patients with PBC (stage II-IV, age: 41-84, mean: 52, each AMA M2 positive, without ascites) were followed-up for an average of 6.3 years. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured yearly by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (XR26, Norland) in lumbar spine (L2-4), femoral neck (FN), and radius BMC by single photon absorptiometry. Urinary pyridinoline/creatinine (Pyr/c) and deoxypyridinoline/creatinine ratio (D-Pyr/c) by HPLC, 25-OH-D3 level and standard liver function tests were monitored in all patients. At the beginning the BMD was decreased in 7 out of 17 patients (T-score < -2.5). The mean BMD was 0.885 SD +/- 0.26 g/cm2 in L2-4, 0.725 +/- 0.16 g/cm2 in FN and the BMC 0.703 +/- 0.14 g/cm in the radius. During follow-up the rate of annual bone loss was increased in patients with osteoporosis at the start of this study. There was a correlation between the urinary Pyr/c and D-pyr/c values and the annual rate of bone loss in patients with PBC (r: -0.79; p < 0.01). In patients with severe osteoporosis at the time of the diagnosis of PBC a more pronounced progression of bone loss was observed during the follow-up period.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed2001

Oestrogen and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genotypes and the expression of ErbB-2 and EGF receptor in human rectal cancers.

Oestrogen/oestrogen receptor (ER) and vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) systems have been implicated in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancers. The expression of erbB-2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in colorectal cancers has been suggested to have diagnostic and prognostic significance. In our study, XbaI and PvuII polymorphisms of the ER gene and the BsmI polymorphism of the VDR gene were studied in 56 Caucasian patients with rectal cancer. The relationship between the ER and VDR genotypes and the expression of oncogenes was also investigated. The presence of the x allele of ER gene significantly correlated with the overexpression of the erbB-2 and EGFR oncogenes. Significantly increased erbB-2 expression was observed in patients with the VDR B allele. The XXbb allelic combination of the ER/VDR genes was associated with a significantly lower erbB-2 expression, whereas in the other genotypes significantly higher oncogene expression was seen. Our data raise the possibility that ER/VDR gene polymorphisms accompanied by variable oncogene expression might influence the pathogenetic processes of colorectal cancers.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Separation of mismatch negativity and the N1 wave in the auditory cortex of the cat: a topographic study.

OBJECTIVE: The amplitude distribution of the frequency mismatch negativity (MMN) and that of P1 and N1 components were investigated in cats to reveal their sources in the auditory areas of the neocortex. METHODS: Pure tone stimuli were given in a passive oddball paradigm with different degrees of deviance between the standard and deviant tones. Amplitude maps of event-related potential (ERP) components were generated from the responses, recorded in awake, freely moving animals by a chronically implanted epidural electrode matrix, covering both the primary and secondary auditory fields. RESULTS: The P1 and N1 components appeared with highest amplitude on the middle ectosylvian gyrus, while the amplitude maximum of the MMN was ventral and rostral to them on the AII area. Both the latency and the peak amplitude of the MMN depended on the degree of deviance. CONCLUSIONS: The MMN is generated in the rostroventral part of the secondary auditory area, well separated from the sources of the P1 and N1 components.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed2001

Vitamin D and estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus and in android type obesity.

OBJECTIVE: We studied the significance of BsmI restriction enzyme polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and the XbaI and PvuII polymorphisms of the estrogen receptor (ER) gene in patients with type 2 diabetes (n=49), android type obesity with normal carbohydrate metabolism (n=29) and healthy controls (n=138). METHODS: The distribution of genotypes in the study groups, as well as their relationship to fasting and 1 h postprandial serum C-peptide levels were analyzed. RESULTS: Postprandial serum C-peptide levels of BB genotypes were significantly higher in the diabetes and obese groups (6.18+/-5.09 ng/ml) compared with other genotypes (2.71+/-2.45 vs. 1.72+/-1.97 ng/ml, respectively, P=0.05). Among patients with type 2 diabetes and obese subjects, the XX allelic variant of the ER gene was more frequent (P=0.00015). Postprandial C-peptide levels of subjects exhibiting XX genotype were significantly lower compared with those with Xx genotype (1.67+/-2.16 vs. 3.8+/-3.72 ng/ml, P=0.021). The BBXx allelic combination of the VDR/ER receptor genes was less frequent in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects or in obese patients. The BBXx genotype was associated with significantly elevated postprandial C-peptide levels in all subjects compared with other combinations (9.65+/-3.14 vs. 1.35+/-2.82 ng/ml, P=0.003). No difference was found in the distribution of the PvuII polymorphism of the ER gene or in the association with the C-peptide levels among study groups. CONCLUSION: Polymorphisms of the VDR/ER receptor genes might play a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes by influencing the secretory capacity of beta-cells.

Adult↗