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Biomedical subjects

P L Walraven

Publications and source records attributed to P L Walraven.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

Improved color fundamentals offer a new view on photometric additivity.

New action spectra are derived for the foveal cones on the basis of three assumptions: (1) the Stiles-Burch (1959) colorimetric data are better than CIE 1931; (2) the long wavelength flanks of the dichromatic luminosity functions offer better anchorage than the confusion loci; and (3) the relative mutual heights per receptor can be derived from the Bezold-Brücke effect. Since these assumptions do not include photometric data, we could at the end ask how L lambda, M lambda and S lambda combine to V lambda. The best answer appeared to be V lambda = 0.68 L lambda + 0.34 M lambda -0.02 S lambda, reflecting both relative receptor population densities and a negative input of the S-system to luminance.

Color Perception↗

Color vision.

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Animals↗

Ergonomic aspects of automation in navigation bridges.

New ergonomic questions arise from the tendency toward increasing automation in maritime operations. Direct control of engines and rudder from the bridge promises improved ship control, provided that the operator can really exploit the technical improvements. To make such direct control most efficient, good ergonomic design is essential. A series of designs of navigation bridges is used to illustrate typical problems and situations. The building of full scale mock-ups of complete bridges is essential in order to handle the design as an integrated problem and to simulate the work situation. Such static mock-ups have been shown to be extremely useful in the discussion between builder, future user and adviser. An extension to dynamic simulation is necessary in order to study the actual work conditions in a new design.

Journal Article↗