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Biomedical subjects

P L Munk

Publications and source records attributed to P L Munk.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathologic appearances of benign soft-tissue masses of the foot.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is now the modality of choice for the investigation of soft-tissue tumours, providing excellent anatomic detail and soft-tissue contrast. As the availability of MRI has increased, the number of requests for studies of the foot and ankle has similarly increased. The imaging department at the authors' institution, a tertiary care teaching hospital, has a large orthopedic and podiatric referral base, and as a consequence the authors have had the opportunity to study a large variety of benign soft-tissue tumours with MRI. In this pictorial essay they review the MRI and pathological appearances of the most common benign soft-tissue tumours that occur in the foot and ankle.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Congenital-infantile fibrosarcoma: magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Congenital-infantile, fibrosarcoma is a rare tumour presenting at birth or in the neonatal period. Few such tumours have been reported, and imaging details in particular are scant. The authors describe two neonates with congenital-infantile fibrosarcoma, the first case involving the right thigh and extending into the pelvis, and the second involving the calf and the ankle. In both cases magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated well-demarcated, low-signal-intensity soft-tissue masses with t1-weighting and inhomogeneous, high-signal-intensity masses with T2-weighting. MRI was superior to other imaging modalities in the assessment of soft-tissue involvement and proved especially useful in planning therapy and monitoring chemotherapeutic response.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1996

Computed tomography of retroperitoneal and mesenteric sarcomas: a pictorial essay.

Retroperitoneal and mesenteric sarcomas are rare tumours that often do not present until they are very large. Computed tomography (CT) is helpful for diagnosis and for planning therapy. This pictorial essay illustrates the spectrum of CT manifestations of these tumours that the authors have encountered and includes a review of the various aspects of clinical presentation and treatment.

Fibrosarcoma↗
PubMed1995

Anterior cruciate ligament tear: prospective evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of middle- and high-field-strength MR imaging at 1.5 and 0.5 T.

PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic efficacy of current-generation middle- and high-field-strength magnetic resonance (MR) imagers in the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 114 of 230 patients referred for knee imaging, MR imaging at 0.5 and 1.5 T was performed with identical sequences but with a slightly longer total imaging time and bandwidth optimization at 0.5 T. Radiologists were blinded to diagnosis and field strength. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were determined, and ACL tear was confirmed by means of arthroscopy and pathology. RESULTS: There was no difference between the field strengths in accuracy, sensitivity, or specificity for the diagnosis of ACL tears in 86 patients with disrupted ACLs and 28 patients with intact ACLs. Accuracy for all ACL tears was 90% at 0.5 T and 91% at 1.5 T. Similarly, there were no differences in diagnosis of meniscal tears (79 with, 149 without) or posterior cruciate ligament tears (seven with, 107 without). CONCLUSION: Higher field strength does not confer higher accuracy in the diagnosis of ACL tears at MR imaging.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

A technique for preoperative localization of osteoid osteoma.

Preoperative localization of osteoid osteoma using a bone biopsy needle and methylene blue tissue staining is quick, inexpensive, accurate and easy to perform. This technique allows the surgeon to limit resection to the nidus of the lesion and minimal surrounding bone. No hardware is left in situ, so the surgical exposure and dissection planes are not limited by localization hardware.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Pituitary and intradural spinal metastases: an unusual initial presentation of lung cancer.

The authors report the clinical and imaging findings for a 47-year-old woman who presented with the classic symptoms of a sellar or suprasellar mass; the lesion was initially diagnosed as germinoma and was treated accordingly. The patient also had intradural, extramedullary spinal metastases. Radiotherapy failed, and the patient died. Autopsy revealed that the lesions were metastatic from previously unrecognized large-cell carcinoma of the lung. This distribution of metastases from a primary lesion not located within the central nervous system is unusual but should be considered in any patient presenting with masses at these sites, particularly if the response to therapy is less than expected.

Carcinoma, Large Cell↗
PubMed1994

Self-contained, inflatable penile prosthesis: magnetic resonance appearance.

The appearance of an inflatable penile prosthesis, visualized on a short tau inversion recovery sequence, is reported, in a patient who had magnetic resonance imaging for pelvic pain subsequent to radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder carcinoma. With suppression of adjacent fat signal, the prosthesis is well delineated from adjacent structures. The fluid-containing cylinders of the prosthesis are of very bright signal intensity, with the relief valve assembly of low signal intensity.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

MR imaging of chest wall lesions.

To assess the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of chest wall lesions, images from 45 patients were reviewed by two experienced chest radiologists. The study included 14 benign and 31 malignant lesions. Images were obtained on 1.5-T imagers with use of conventional T1-, proton-density, and T2-weighted sequences in transverse, coronal, and sagittal imaging planes. Where appropriate, motion artifact was minimized with respiratory compensation, spatial presaturation, flow compensation, and cardiac gating. Twelve of 14 benign lesions showed well-defined, smooth margins compared with 10 of 31 malignant lesions (P < .05). The remaining 21 malignant lesions had irregular or ill-defined margins and evidence of muscle, bone, or vascular invasion. A capsule or pedicle was seen only in benign lesions. Characteristic MR signal intensity was seen in all four lipomas and in the only arteriovenous malformation. The remaining benign and malignant lesions showed nonspecific signal intensity characteristics. MR imaging allows the detection of muscle, bone, or vascular invasion by chest wall tumors. However, as in other musculoskeletal regions, MR imaging does not allow confident distinction of benign from malignant chest wall lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Musculoskeletal infection: findings on magnetic resonance imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide considerable useful information in cases of musculoskeletal infection, in particular demonstrating the extent of involvement of soft tissues and medullary bone. Differentiation between infected tissue and abscess is also possible with MRI, especially if contrast agent is administered. MRI therefore serves as an adjunct to other imaging modalities, especially in complex cases. This review covers various manifestations of musculoskeletal infection as depicted with MRI.

Abscess↗
PubMed1994

Imaging of soft-tissue sarcomas.

Soft-tissue sarcomas are encountered only infrequently, but their diagnosis is important because the long-term prognosis is usually good if the tumour is properly managed. The role of various imaging modalities in the evaluation of these neoplasms is discussed, with special emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging. The authors review the importance of imaging in tumour detection, characterization, staging and surveillance after therapy, and they emphasize the critical subject of proper biopsy technique.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Tumour of a peripheral nerve sheath with invasion of the lumbar spine.

Tumours of peripheral nerve sheaths are rarely malignant, and even when malignant they are only infrequently associated with extensive destruction of bone. The authors report the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings for an unusually large sheath tumour that presented with extensive destruction in the lumbar spine.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

The emerging role of magnetic resonance imaging in rheumatology.

The role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in imaging the central nervous system and in orthopedic radiology is now well accepted. Numerous applications of this technique also exist in the field of rheumatology, and it is anticipated that MRI will play an important part in the evaluation of treatments for the arthritides. In addition, MRI allows noninvasive investigation of other rheumatologic problems, such as avascular necrosis, tendon disorders and myopathy. This review outlines the current applications of MRI in rheumatologic practice.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Chondromyxoid fibroma of the occipital bone.

Chondromyxoid fibroma is an uncommon bone tumour, found predominantly in the metaphyses of the long bones of the lower limbs. The authors describe a patient in whom the tumour arose from the occipital bone. To the authors' knowledge, this is only the second report of chondromyxoid fibroma occurring in this location.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Imaging after arthroplasty.

Arthroplasty is now an important and frequently performed orthopedic procedure. This article focuses on the imaging of abnormalities frequently encountered in patients who have undergone arthroplasty. The emphasis is on plain film analysis, although arthrography, computed tomography and nuclear medicine are also discussed. Among the problems illustrated are loosening of the prosthesis, component fatigue or failure, and infection. The authors recommend techniques to optimize imaging. Although most of the entities illustrated involve hip arthroplasty, the principles are valid for arthroplasty at other sites.

Arthrography↗
PubMed1994

Ovarian cancer: computed tomography findings.

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common malignant lesions in women. Radiologists are often called upon to interpret and report computed tomography (CT) findings for staging such lesions and for evaluating the patients' response to therapy. A variety of manifestations of this disease can be seen with CT, each of which can have a spectrum of appearances. These manifestations include ascites, peritoneal seeding, and visceral and nodal metastasis. A selection of situations commonly encountered in women with ovarian cancer, as well as several unusual ones, are depicted in this pictorial essay.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Findings of magnetic resonance and colour-flow Doppler imaging of orbital embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

The authors describe a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and colour-flow Doppler imaging. MRI demonstrated a markedly enhancing tumour with no discrete vessels. Colour-flow Doppler ultrasonography showed evidence of perfusion; however, discrete vascular channels were difficult to visualize, and no evidence of large vessels within the tumour was found at surgery. The differential diagnosis of this condition is discussed, as well as the potential role of colour-flow Doppler imaging in the assessment of orbital tumours, a role in which this method has not yet been widely applied.

Child, Preschool↗