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Biomedical subjects

P Krupp

Publications and source records attributed to P Krupp.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Use of antibiotics in hospitalized patients. Comparison of medical, surgical and gynecological units].

Antibiotic use was evaluated retrospectively in 1229 patients of a university hospital (Basle, Switzerland). The frequency with which antibiotics were prescribed, the indication, duration of treatment, side-effects and clinical results were compared in relation to various subspecialities. 38.1% of medical, 36.4% of surgical and 24.4% of gynecological patients received one or more antibiotic during hospitalization. The main indications for antibiotic treatment were respiratory infection (57.8%) and urinary tract infections (21%) in medical patients, prophylaxis (38%) and urinary tract infections (23%) in surgery, and urinary tract infections (43%) and adnexitis or endometritis (23%) in gynecology. Amoxycillin or penicillin G were the first-line drugs for respiratory infection, cotrimoxazole for urinary tract infection and cefalothin or cefacetrile for surgical prophylaxis. Patients with endometritis or adnexitis usually received clindamycin in combination with an aminopenicillin. Aminoglycosides were employed in only 9.5% of antibiotic courses. Information on adverse reactions in the records was scanty, only generalized exanthem (13 cases) and nausea/vomiting (2 cases) being specifically mentioned. The therapeutic result was classified by the responsible physician as cure in 50.8% or definite improvement in 16.4% of patients. However, in 118 cases (29.7%) the contribution of antibiotics to the clinical outcome could not be evaluated retrospectively.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

[Drug safety: activities of the manufacturer].

Many activities of the pharmaceutical manufacturers concern drug safety to that any comprehensive description appears rather difficult. Special attention has however been given to the following four areas: The Research Department is engaged in developing novel and still safer medicines, while the Drug Monitoring unit specializes in early recognition of yet unknown and possibly harmful effects of already marketed drugs; the Product Information orientates on the risk and benefit, and finally the Quality Control ensures that the consumer is provided with high-quality products. However, despite all these measures an absolute drug safety cannot be achieved since a given risk is inherent in every drug therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Frequent cases of agranulocytosis due to clozapin (leponex) in eastern Switzerland].

Two personally observed cases of severe agranulocytosis within 3 months, one of them fatal, could be attributed to the new dibenzodiazepine derivative Clozapine (Leponex). Clozapine, a very effective neuroleptic for the treatment of acute and chronic schizophrenia, has been found before to induce agranulocytosis of the metabolic type, as phenothiazines are known to do. An inquiry in al Swiss medical departments and mental hospitals revealed a total of 20 cases of Clozapine induced agranulocytosis in some 50% of institutions responding. 9 of these were observed in Eastern Switzerland. This time-space clustering recalls the "finnish epidemic" of 1975 in Southern Finland. Possible explanations for this phenomenon are discussed. Calculations of the incidence suggest a higher rate of agranulocytosis induced by Clozapine than has been assumed for the phenothiazines. Clozapine should therefore be restricted to schizophrenic patients and initially (6 weeks) be given only on a stationary basis under regular blood controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Influence of endogenous pyrogen on the cerebral prostaglandin-synthetase system.

The biotransformation of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins in vitro is specifically augmented by endogenous pyrogen to a degree depending on the concentration applied, providing that the microsomal fraction of the cerebral cortex is used as prostaglandin-synthetase system. This effect is inhibited by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that prostaglandins might act as mediators of the febrile reaction induced by endogenous pyrogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Current status of the treatment of epidermoid cancer of the vulva.

Epidermoid cancer accounts for 81% of the malignancies of the vulva. Although the etiology has not been delineated, chronic vulvitis is associated with cancer in almost one-third of the patients. The staging system should utilize the most precise and accurate parameters delineated for improved treatment. A new staging system is utilized. Proven treatment is primarily surgical.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1976

Influence of adjuvant arthritis on connective-tissue metabolism.

In rats with adjuvant arthritis, an analysis was made of the metabolism of sulfated proteoglycans, with particular attention to the dorsal skin and the extremities. Alterations were demonstrated in all the tissues examined. In the uninflamed dorsal skin, the uptake of exogenous sulfate was diminished. By contrast, in both hind limbs, at the injected and the non-injected site, the turnover of sulfated mucopolysaccharides was increased, above all in ligament and cartilage; the calcium content of the bone tissue of both hind legs was, however, not affected by the disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[New aspects of inflammation prevention by means of non-steroid antiphlogistics: the effect of Voltaren].

Voltaren, a non-steroid antiinflammatory agent (NSA) of an entirely new chemical structure, is characterized by the high degree of antiinflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activity it displays in animal experiments. Like other NSAs, the preparation inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, and various findings indicate that the spectrum of pharmacological activity of these agents is at least partly due to this inhibitory effect. Despite this common feature, however, there are quantitative and qualitative differences between Voltaren and other NSAs.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1975

The significance of inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the selection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents.

A statistically significant correlation can be shown to exist between the concentrations in which established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in vitro and the doses in which they exert anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects in animals. With regard to their antinociceptive activity, this relation is less distinct. Derivatives of clinically effective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents can interfere with prostaglandin synthesis in vitro without displaying any activity in vivo. Moreover, the capacity to inhibit this enzyme system is not a property exclusive to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents; tricyclic psychotropic drugs exert a similar action. The fact that a substance affects prostaglandin synthetase in vitro is consequently not a reliable indication that it possesses anti-inflammatory properties. On the other hand, the demonstration of effects of this type is important in elucidating the mechanism of action of a drug.

Analgesia↗