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Biomedical subjects

P Krepler

Publications and source records attributed to P Krepler.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Pseudohypoparathyroidism type I and vitamin D therapy].

In pseudohypoparathyroidism type I pharmacologic dosis of vitamin-D can correct hypocalcemia. Several authors who had investigated vitamin-D-metabolism in these patients, found impaired renal conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D to 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin-D. Treatment of 2 patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism type I with vitamin-D-3 and 1 alpha-Hydroxycholecalciferol consecutively resulted in a nonuniform response with regard to the normalisation of serum-calcium. This led us to the conclusion that the disturbances of vitamin-D-metabolism in pseudohypoparathyroidism type I is heterogenous.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Is the first urinary infection in childhood a definite indication for radiological examination?

The need for X-ray investigations of the urinary tract at the time of the first proven urinary infection, even in older girls, is stressed. This policy is the best way to detect chronic pyelonephritis and congenital anomalies of the urinary tract and provide timely and appropriate treatment. These conclusions are supported by personal experience (see case description), and the incidence of congenital anomalies encountered during an 11 year period in our children's hospital. There were 957 concecutive cases with X-ray studies of the urinary tract (IVP and MCU). A considerable proportion (30%) were older children (4-12 years) having supravesical obstruction defined when the X-ray studies were performed at the first urinary infection. The proportion of abnormalities rose to 66% when the investigations were done after recurrent infections, which may contribute to the development and progression of disease.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Dosimetric studies in the radiological examination of the hips in young infants with a special fenestration method of gonad protection.

A special lead shield of 1,5 mm Pb, with a fenestration was used for gonad protection during X-Ray of the hips for detection of dysplasia. The window allows the delineation of all parts of the skeleton required to make a correct diagnosis and check the standardized position of the pelvis, while all other parts, especially the gonads are safely shielded. The scattered radiation for the testes was further reduced by a trough-shaped lead shield behind the scrotum. The effectiveness of this gonad protection was measured by direct dosimetric studies on the infant with LiF and CaF2: Dy dosimeters at different adjustments of the X-ray generator and with medium and ultra high speed screen-film combinations.

Female↗
PubMed1977

[Scintigraphic studies of skeletal abnormalities during childhood (author's transl)].

An extensive application of nuclear medical examination in the field of pediatric diagnostics was only made possible by introduction of short-lived radionuclides. On the one hand, they cause low radiation exposure, on the other they allow short-term check-ups. Analysis carried out on examination results of 47 children revealing various skeletal disorders showed a combination of radiologic-nuclear medical examination methods to produce maximal information suitable for both diagnostics and therapeutical planning. Specific questions such as termination of pathologic alteration process within the skeleton, can be answered only by the use of the scintigraphy. With reference to 4 cases the wide range of possibilities and limitations of skeletal scintigraphy in pediatrics are shown.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Cytogenetic effects of chemotherapy and cranial irradiation on the peripheral blood lymphocytes of children with malignant disease.

Results of a cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes of children with leukemia after massive chemotherapy and cranial irradiation, and of children with nephrosis after coritisone therapy and cyclophosphamide are presented. Prolonged intensive chemotherapy results in a significant rise in the number of chromatid aberrations after twelve months, and of chromosomal aberrations after 24 months of therapy. After cranial irradiation a sharp rise in chromosome aberrations is present for about three months. This drops after one year to levels present in cases with chemotherapy alone.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Immunological studies in a case of congenital nephrotic syndrome with focal extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis (author's transl)].

An immunological study in a case of nephrotic syndrome in early infancy with mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis with focal crescents revealed deficiencies in humoral and cellular immunity. Serum Ig-G antibody levels such as pertussis-agglutinins, tetanus and diophtheria-antitoxing were decreased. A loss of tetanus antibodies in the urine could be observed. The production of tetanus-antibodies after immunogenic stimulation with tetanus-antigen was not diminished. The loss of Ig-A in the urine might have been compensated by a higher synthesis rate, which could also be the cause of the increased serum levels of Ig-M, since a loss of Ig-M in urine was not observed. The diminished serum levels of Ig-G antibodies were considered not only to be the result of loss, but possibly also of higher catabolism, and an insufficient compensation by a higher rate of synthesis. The percentage of T-cells in peripheral blood was found to be low. Stimulation of lymphocytes with PHA was at first normal, but in the last investigations diminished. Special experiments lead to the assumption, that this partial defect of cellular immunity might be the result of lacking or diminution of nutritive plasmafactors.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1976

Immunological follow-up of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

In different treatment groups of children with acute lymphatic leukaemia and undifferentiated leukaemia, the lymphocyte count and a number of immunologic parameters were examined during the various stages of treatment. These parameters were related to the type of chemotherapy as well as the stages of treatment. This paper deals with the values of lymphocyte counts, of gamma globulin, IgG, IgM and IgA and the results of the DNCB skin tests, as a parameter for cellular immunity. IgG determined by acetate sheet electrophoresis showed no significnat change, while its significant reduction was shown during the periods of prophylactic reinduction with vincristine in the Pinkel VII scheme, The IgM level was significantly raised in the initial stage before treatment and in all periods of treatment both in the Pinkel VII group and in an earlier therapeutic group treated with methotrexate every two weeks and vincristine pulses every six weeks. IgA was raised in both groups before treatment but significantly reduced during the phases of maintenance and reinduction. About 50% of the P VII cases had negative DNCB skin tests during maintenance therapy, while all long-term survivors in the earlier methotrexate group had a positive skin test.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1976

[Responsiveness of lymphocytes to stimulation by pha and autologous blasts in acute lymphatic leukemias during remission (author's transl)].

The paper deals with the question how far the lymphocytes of acute lymphatic leukemia patients in remission can be stimulated by PHA and autologous blasts in the MLC-Test. The lymphocyte stimulation by PHA showed considerable variation dependent on the phase of therapy. A significant reduction of the responsiveness to PHA stimulation was found during the prophylactic reinduction treatment with Vincristin and Prednisolon compared with the results during maintenance therapy. The examination of lymphocyte stimulation by conserved autologous blasts in the mixed lymphocyte culture-test yielded positive results in one of three children at the beginning of remission and in 2 of 3 children during the consolidated remission period.

Child↗
PubMed1976

[Antibodies against the Epstein-Barr virus, capsid antigen in children with malignant neoplasms (author's transl)].

Sera from children were tested for antibodies to viral capsid antigens of Epstein-Barr virus. The method applied was the indirect immunofluorescence test. 25 sera from healthy donors were titrated as controls. In 14 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia we found low levels, a tiny little girl with chronic myelocytic leukemia (?) AND THREE CHILDREN.WITH LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS SHOWed highly increased serological reactivities. Investigated children with other kinds of tumours did not serologically differ significantly from the control group. Further investigations should clarify the role of this infectious agent.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

[Announcement of an Austrian study group for the treatment of leukemia in children (author's transl)].

The formation of an Austrian study group for the treatment of leukemia in children with international cooperation is reported. An essential aim is the centralisation of treatment at the 3 Austrian University clinics, the St. Anna children's hospital in Vienna and other children's hospitals particularly interested in the treatment of leukemia. Secondly the group undertakes randomised therapeutic studies, at present on two new variants of the Pinkel treatment scheme. Within the first 9 months 33 cases were included in this study in cooperation with the Zagreb University children's clinic (Doz. TIEFENBACH).

Austria↗
PubMed1976

[A special gonad protector for comparative radiograms of the hips in infants (authors transl)].

A special, newly developed, gonad protector to be used for comparative radiograms of the hips in infants was introduced. This lead protector has a window which, due to its special shape, exposes only that portion of the skeleton which is important for the evaluation of dysplasia of the hip. In order to better protect the testes from scattered rays, a trough shaped lead plate is placed behind the scrotum.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Lymphoblastic extramedullary spinal tumor during remission of acute lymphoblastic leukaemie.

An unusual case history of a girl with ALL is presented. The diagnosis was established at the age of 7. At the age of 11, 5 years and 3 months after remission due to treatment an extramedullary tumour of a lumbar vertebra produced a transverse lesion of the spinal cord and meningeal leukaemia. The tumour consisted mainly of connective tissue with small foci of lymphoblastic cells, identical with those originally seen in the peripheral blood stream. After laminectomy, irradiation and chemotherapy the girl is still in her first haematological remission, lasting nearly 7 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Prevention of meningeal leukaemia and relapses by cranial irradiation and intrathecal MTX in acute lymphatic leukaemia.

Experience with CNS prophylaxis in 35 children with acute lymphatic leukaemia is reported. Before prophylactic irradiation of the skull was given the average survival time in 36 children was 2,8 (2,7) years. Menigeal leukaemia preceeded bone marrow relapse in 9 cases and followed relapse in a further 5 cases (39%). Between 1971 and 1973 Pinkel's treatment scheme VII was given to 35 children. This included prophylactic skull irradiation and intraspinal MTX injections. 29 children are still in their first remissions which range from 10 - 35 months in length. Meningeal leukaemia has not so far been observed, in this latter group.

Child↗
PubMed1975

[Immunologic types of lymphocytes in acute lymphatic leukemia during remission (author's transl)].

The rates of B and T-cell-subpopulations of lymphocytes were examined on 15 children with acute lymphatic leukemia during the first complete remission under maintenance in the Pinkel VII scheme and in 6 further cases with modification of this scheme of treatment compared to normal children in the same age groups. Further on 4 children during a relapse, on 1 during the second remission, and on 3 during long-term remissions. The most important result was a significant reduction of B cells during intensive maintenance therapy of the Pinkel scheme. In the few cases of long-term remissions a reduction of B cells was no longer observed.

Adolescent↗