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Biomedical subjects

P Koch

Publications and source records attributed to P Koch.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

A fully automated method for determining total serum iron and unsaturated iron-binding capacity using a Technicon AA-II AutoAnalyser system.

A colorimetric method is described for determining total serum iron and unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) of serum using Technicon AutoAnalyzer II equipment. The determination of UIBC has been fully automated by means of a simple modification to the Sampler II module, whereby 2 double probes permit the simultaneous aspiration of a sample and of a measured volume of the iron saturating solution. No manifold changes are needed when changing from serum iron to UIBC.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1982

A rapid semi-automated method for determining glycosylation in whole blood.

A rapid, semi-automated method for determining hexoses which are bound to components of whole blood; e.g., hemoglobin, is described. The method is an improvement on similar lengthy manual methods (1,2) in which 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is produced and measured. Heating of diluted blood samples at 15 lb./sq.in. above atmospheric pressure in a pressure cooker for 20 minutes is shown to give the same results as those obtained with other methods in which 2-5 hours heating at atmospheric pressure is specified (1,2,3). The trichloracetic acid precipitation step needed in the manual methods is avoided by continuous flow dialysis on a Technicom Auto Analyzer II system. Various experimental factors have been studied and comparisons made with a commonly-used ion-exchange resin column technique. Two different methods of calibration, one using pure 5-hydroxymethylfurfural standards, and the other using patients' samples with pre-determined, known values as standards, are presented.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1982

Changes in clonal expression during the course of acute leukemia: possible subsets in childhood leukemia.

We studied cell surface markers and chromosomes in the leukemia cells of a boy with the initial diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia during 18 months from diagnosis to demise. During this time he received induction therapy, underwent bone marrow transplantation, and relapsed. The leukemia cells expressed three membrane phenotypes during different stages of disease: T-cell at diagnosis; T-cell, B-cell, and monocyte during the induction period; T-cell in the first relapse after bone marrow transplantation; and T-cell and B-cell during the terminal stage. Some cells expressed markers of two cell types, indicating a common origin of these cells. Cytogenetic studies during post-transplantation relapse showed abnormal marker chromosomes that indicated two major sublines. However, there was enough sharing of other aberrant chromosomes to suggest that these two populations presented sublines within the same neoplastic clone. We suggest that these leukemia cells were derived from a pluripotential cell prior to differentiation into cells of the lymphoid and monocytic series. This particular case may represent a subset of acute leukemia and may account for the resistance to conventional therapy.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1981

[Diagnostic and therapeutic measures in hypothermic patients].

A symposium on hypothermia during disasters at sea was held in Cuxhaven between April 25 and 27, 1980. In this article various organic and functional disorders, pathological laboratory results, diagnostic and therapeutic measures at the site of disaster as well as during the following clinical treatment are discussed.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1981

Leukemic optic neuropathy.

The clinical course and ophthalmic manifestations of an eight year old child with acute undifferentiated leukemia and unilateral blindness secondary to leukemic optic nerve head infiltration are described. At autopsy the involved nerve head and peripapillary retina demonstrated massive leukemic cell infiltration and hemorrhagic necrosis. This manifestation of leukemia is quite uncommon and prognosis for life in such cases is poor with existing methods of therapy.

Blindness↗
PubMed1981

Keratophakia and keratomileusis: comparison of pathologic features in penetrating keratoplasty specimens.

Two patients, one who had had two keratophakia procedures, and another who had had keratophakia, followed by a keratomileusis procedure both eventually required a penetrating keratoplasty. In the keratoplasty specimen bearing an intrastromal lenticle from a keratophakia procedure performed nine months earlier, no viable keratocytes were found in the in situ lenticle. The lenticle's stroma stained paler with methylene blue and toluidine blue than the host's surrounding stroma, probably due to the absence of proteoglycan synthesis. The interface scar between the lenticle and the host's stroma displayed metabolically active keratocytes, amorphous basement membrane-like material, banded basement membrane material or long-spacing collagen of 1000 A periodicity, microfibrillar collagen of 100 A diameter, and, only in focal areas, more mature-appearing collagen of 200 A diameter. In the keratomileusis-bearing penetrating keratoplasty specimen, complete repopulation of the keratomileusis' stroma by the host's keratocytes had been accomplished after seven months. The absence of any significant tinctorial differences between the keratomileusis' stroma and the host's stroma indicated that these keratocytes were functioning and able to produce proteoglycans. The interface scar between the keratomileusis' stroma and the host's stroma was similar to that in the keratophakia specimen, except for the lesser presence of mature collagen of 2000 A diameter. An explanation is not clearly obvious for the more rapid keratocytic repopulation of the keratomileusis' stroma in comparison with the lenticle's stroma in keratophakia. Both patients had successful penetrating keratoplasties, with postoperative visual acuities of 20/40 and 20/20, owing to the fact that the earlier corneal surgeries had not compromised the integrity of the anterior chamber structures.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Radiographic features of gastrointestinal graft-vs.-host disease.

Five patients underwent bone-marrow transplantation, and graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) developed. Radiographic features are described. Three patients showed an abrupt transition at the jejuno-ileal junction from normal small bowel to ileal loops which were narrowed, tubular, separated, edematous, and, generally, without mucosal markings. The transit time for the contrast material to reach the anus from the mouth was 20 to 25 minutes. A fourth patient showed mucosal ulcerations of the transverse and descending colon. The fifth patient with acute, ultimately fatal GVHD had an edematous duodenum and colon, in addition to an edematous, tubular jejunum and ileum without mucosal markings. Transit time through the intestines for the contrast material was rapid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Epstein-Barr virus-related serology in marrow transplant recipients.

Serial sera from 50 marrow transplant recipients were examined for their spectra and titers of antibodies to EBV-specific antigens. Immediately before or after transplant, blood products passively transferred antibodies to EB viral capsid antigen (VCA) and EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA). In most recipients, passively-transferred antibodies were replaced by endogenous antibodies regardless of whether donor or recipient had EBV antibodies before transplantation. Commencement or resumption of endogenous EBV antibody production was not associated with signs of infectious mononucleosis or heterophil antibody responses. Antibodies to VCA rose to abnormally high titers, followed successively by antibody to early antigens (EA), and disproportionately low levels of anti-EBNA. Unusually high anti-VCA and anti-EA levels persisted when tests of immune function returned to normal. Antibodies to other herpes group viruses showed no consistent changes. We conclude that (1) EBV does not cause significant clinical problems in marrow transplant recipients; (2) persistent EBV infection can become established or reestablished in the presence of antibodies to EBV; (3) marrow transplant recipients show the same exaggerated immune response to EBV as other immunodeficient patients; and (4) the pattern of EBV-specific antibodies may be a more sensitive measure of defective cell-mediated immunity than most conventional tests of immune function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Estimation of serum ascorbic acid in patients and the effect of ascorbic acid and its oxidation products on SMA 12/60 parameters.

A revised automated method was used to determine ascorbic acid in one hundred random patients' serum samples, and a range of concentrations between 0.7--2.5 mg/dl (0.040--0.141 mmol/L) was found. Volunteers taking a 2000 mg dose of ascorbic acid orally were found to have attained serum levels of ascorbic acid less than 2.8 mg/dl (0.159 mmol/L) in a period of 120 minutes. Five and ten mg of ascorbic acid or its oxidation products were added to 100 ml of pooled serum and the following components were estimated on our SMA 12/60: calcium, inorganic phosphorus, glucose (Trinder), urea, uric acid (phosphotungstate), total protein, albumin (BCG), total bilirubin, cholesterol (enzymatic), alkaline phosphatase, LDH (UV), and SGOT (UV), as well as glucose on a separate Technicon AA-II analyzer (ferricyanide method). With the 10 mg amounts the following analyses were found to be influenced significantly: glucose (Trinder), glucose (ferricyanide), uric acid, cholesterol and total bilirubin; the last of these by the oxidation products only. However, deviations produced for all but one of these tests were less than their allowable limits of error and were therefore considered to be clinically insignificant. The exception was the enzymatic glucose method of Trinder which was sensitive to a plasma ascorbic acid level as low as 2.0 mg/dl (0.114 mmol/L).

Ascorbic Acid↗