Emergency medicine.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to P Kline.
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The Defence Mechanism Inventory (Gleser & Ihilevich, 1969) was validated by examining the 16PF profiles of each group of defenders. These were found to correspond closely to profiles hypothesized on the basis of Freudian theory, and thus suggest that the test may be valid. The ipsative scoring system was thought to limit the clinical usefulness of the five scales and to hinder statistical analyses, and the development of a rating form of the questionnaire was recommended.
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Three tests of oral and anal psychosexual personality traits, OOQ, OPQ and ai3Q, together with the EPI were administered to 128 subjects, to test the hypothesis that psychosexual fixation was related to neuroticism. This hypothesis was supported by the results.
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Hill's (1966) critique of the experimental evidence for the anal character is subjected to a critical examination and some of the arguments are shown to be mistaken. In addition new evidence is presented which supports the previous interpretation. It is concluded that there is still factor analytic evidence for the anal character.
Even though the radiocolloid scan is nonspecific it will be approximately 70%-80% accurate in predicting the presence or absence of liver disease and somewhat less accurate than that in making statements as to the specific type of disease. This compares well with other modalities. The ability of nuclear medicine techniques to provide a correct diagnosis is improved when additional isotopic techniques such as hepatic blood flow studies and 131I-rose bengal and 67Ga scanning are performed. Ultrasound scanning is also non specific. To date, the major application of ultrasound in the study of the liver has been in deciphering puzzling contour abnormalities seen on nuclear medicine scans and in demonstrating fluid-filled abnormalities. Its usefulness in diffuse and solid focal lesions has been less dramatic. More recently, however, the development of gray scale has necessitated a reevaluation of the technique. Gray scale demonstrates a large number of intrahepatic interfaces that were previously invisible, and it has already been shown to demonstrate focal disorders such as metastasis more easily than the nongray-scale method. It can also demonstrate dilated biliary radicals, the gallbladder, and gallstones. In addition, while routinely studying the liver one can evaluate diaphragmatic motion and various retroperitoneal structures such as the pancreas, lymph nodes, and abdominal vascular structures.
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