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Biomedical subjects

P Klemp

Publications and source records attributed to P Klemp.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Subcutaneous and muscle blood flow during dopamine infusion in man.

Subcutaneous fat tissue and skeletal-muscle blood flow was measured in six male volunteers using the local 133Xe-washout method. Measurements were obtained before and during intravenous dopamine infusion in non-pressor (1 microgram kg-1 min-1) and pressor infusion rates (3-6 micrograms kg-1 min-1). During non-pressor infusion rate the systolic and diastolic arterial pressure and heart rate remained unchanged. When pressor dose dopamine was infused the systolic and mean arterial pressures increased significantly, whereas the diastolic pressure and the heart rate were left unchanged. The blood flow increased progressively from control values in both subcutis (control: 2.9 +/- 0.2, non-pressor: 5.0 +/- 1.6, pressor: 9.1 +/- 0.4 ml min-1 100 g-1, mean +/- SEM) and in skeletal muscle (control: 1.2 +/- 0.2, non-pressor: 1.5 +/- 0.2, pressor: 1.9 +/- 0.4 ml min-1 100 g-1, mean +/- SEM) and was significantly different from baseline values at any dopamine infusion rate. Side-effects were observed only at pressor dose infusion. It is concluded that dopamine in humans seems to possess vasodilatoric properties in subcutaneous fat tissue, and in skeletal muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

HLA-A,B,C, and DR antigens, GLO I and Bf marker profiles in 75 Cape coloured patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

HLA-A,B,C and DR antigens were tested in 75 Cape Coloured systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and the GLO I and Bf markers in 51. The patients with HLA-DR2 had a relative risk significantly greater than one (p=0.0005). Twenty-two (29%) patients had only one detectable DR antigen. Of these, 11 (50%) were found to have DR2 only. The HLA-DR7 antigen was associated with severe disease (p less than 0.02). Bf and GLO I markers were not associated with SLE.

Complement Factor B↗
PubMed1988

Is the effect of phototherapy in psoriasis partly due to an impact on vitamin D metabolism?

To elucidate the effect of phototherapy on vitamin D metabolism in psoriatics, the serum concentrations of the major vitamin D metabolites (25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D), 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), and 24,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D (24,25(OH)2D)) were studied in 10 patients with disseminated psoriasis, both before and after phototherapy. Some 3-4 weeks of Goeckerman therapy induced significantly increased serum levels of 25(OH)D (mean: 24.6 ng/ml versus 54.4 ng/ml; (p less than 0.001] and 24,25(OH)2D (mean: 2.01 ng/ml versus 3.49 ng/ml; (p less than 0.001)). After phototherapy the mean serum level of 1,25(OH)2D increased nearly to the level found in healthy controls (mean: 23.8 vs. 32.2 pg/ml). However, this increase was not significant. It is shown that conventional phototherapy does have an impact on vitamin D metabolism in psoriatics. Since previous investigations have indicated an abnormal vitamin D metabolism in patients with psoriasis, it is possible that the beneficial effect of phototherapy in this disease might be due partly to an impact on vitamin D metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Anti-cardiolipin antibodies in ischaemic heart disease.

IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) were assayed by an ELISA technique in 86 patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and compared to 124 healthy controls and to 62 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 20 with tuberculosis (TB). IgG ACA levels in IHD, RA and TB were comparable and significantly higher than in controls (P less than 0.0001). IgM ACA was significantly higher in IHD and RA than controls (P less than 0.0001) but not TB (P = 0.045). The number of IHD patients with raised ACA (IgG and/or IgM) was significantly greater than in RA or TB. (chi 2 = 30.77, P less than 0.0001). ACA were raised in 80.2% IHD patients on one or more occasions during a 1-11 day (mean 4.7) hospital admission. There was no difference in either ACA levels or in the frequency of ACA elevation in patients with stable or unstable angina pectoris or myocardial infarction. We conclude that there is a strong association between IHD and ACA with potentially important therapeutic implications.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Articular mobility in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

The study was prompted by the suggestion that inflammatory polyarthritis and corticosteroids increase articular mobility. Ninety female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) of whom 85 had polyarthritis and at least 75 of whom had received corticosteroid therapy were studied and compared to an equal number of carefully matched controls. The difference between the number of hypermobile patients [6 (7%)] and controls [5 (6%)] was not significant. There was also no significant difference when either the pooled mobility scores or the pooled hand scores of the patients and controls were compared. No significant association between articular mobility and either age at onset of disease, duration of disease or corticosteroid therapy was demonstrated. There was a significant association between deformity and duration of disease (p = 0.04) but not with mobility score. We conclude that SLE patients do not have a hypermobile tendency and therefore that neither SLE nor corticosteroids predispose to increased articular mobility. There is also no association between articular mobility and deformity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Abnormal vitamin D metabolism in patients with psoriasis.

To elucidate if psoriatic skin involvement induces changes in vitamin D metabolism, the serum concentrations of the major vitamin D metabolites (25-hydroxy-vitamin D(2+3) (25OHD), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(2+3) (1,25(OH)2D), and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(2+3) (24,25(OH)2D)) were studied in a group of patients with psoriasis, who had not been exposed to ultraviolet radiation at least three months before the investigation. Serum concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D were significantly reduced in 17 patients with disseminated psoriasis compared to healthy age and sex matched controls (22.3 pg/ml versus 35.0 pg/ml (p less than 0.001)) and compared to 15 patients with moderate extended psoriasis (22.3 pg/ml versus 38.3 pg/ml (p less than 0.005)). Serum concentrations of the two other metabolites were not significantly decreased. In patients with moderate psoriatic skin manifestations, the values of the three vitamin D metabolites were normal. It is concluded that patients with disseminated psoriasis demonstrate decreased serum concentrations of the vitamin D metabolite 1,25(OH)2D. Since 1,25(OH)2D plays a role in differentiation and proliferation of epidermal cells, the abnormal low serum level of 1,25(OH)2D might be of importance for the abnormalities in cell maturation and proliferation found in psoriatic skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Local variation in cutaneous and subcutaneous blood flow measured by CdTe(C1) minidetectors in normal and psoriatic skin.

The accuracy of the 133Xe washout method and the validity of newly developed cadmium telluride CdTe(Cl) minisemiconductor detectors were estimated by performing comparative, simultaneous measurements of both cutaneous (CBF) and subcutaneous (SBF) blood flow using 2 conventional scintillation sodium iodide NaI(Tl) and CdTe(Cl) detectors over the same radioactive depot in each of 10 individuals. The accuracy of the 133Xe washout method was found to be 13-15% (C.V.) for the CBF measurements and 9-12% (C.V.) for the SBF measurements. The CdTe(Cl) detectors, which have a weight of 20 g and were attached directly over the radioactive depot, may replace stationary NaI(Tl) detectors placed 20 cm from the depot for measurements of both CBF and SBF. Two CdTe(Cl) detectors were used for estimations of the local variation in CBF and SBF within a distance of 5 cm in normal skin of 10 individuals. The C.V. was 7% for the CBF measurements and 18% for the SBF measurements. Measurements of CBF and SBF were performed in 6 psoriatic patients who, after about 1 week of antipsoriatic treatment with beech tar, developed typical Woronoff rings. The local CBF differed significantly from the center of psoriatic plaques to the margin, in the Woronoff ring, and in nonlesional skin. In contrast, SBF was remarkably equal within the plaque and in the Woronoff ring. The color of the Woronoff ring cannot be ascribed to a local cutaneous vasoconstriction. Cutaneous blood flow in chronic stable, lesional psoriatic skin was significantly lower than previously published values for active lesional psoriatic skin, but significantly higher than CBF in normal individuals. Measurements of CBF in tetrahydrofurfuryl nicotinic acid (Trafuril)-treated skin showed higher values than measurements of CBF in the postischemic hyperemia period both in normal and in lesional psoriatic skin. Trafuril induced a significant increase of CBF in both lesional and nonlesional skin. The high CBF rates in lesional psoriatic skin are not due to a maximally, passively dilated vascular bed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Cutaneous and subcutaneous blood flow in non-lesional skin of patients with minimal psoriatic skin manifestations.

Cutaneous and subcutaneous blood flow (CBF, SBF) were studied in non-lesional psoriatic skin (NLS) of 10 patients with only minimal psoriatic skin manifestations, using the local 133Xe washout method. Measurements of the CBF and SBF in the NLS of the patients and 10 normal individuals yielded no statistically significant differences. The results of the present study indicate that the activity of psoriasis can be monitored by the CBF measurements in the NLS, since previously published values for CBF of NLS have shown increasing values with increasing psoriatic activity. The significance of these findings may be more evidence of humoral factors playing a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The tissue-to-blood partition coefficient for 133Xe was calculated on the basis of biochemical estimations of the relative content of lipids, proteins, and water in skin biopsies from non-lesional skin sites of 8 psoriatic patients. The relative content of lipids, proteins, and water was normal. Thus, the normal 133Xe partition coefficient of 0.7 ml/g should be used for measurements of the CBF in NLS.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Early treatment of avascular necrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the hips is associated with significant disability, and the majority of established cases require major surgery. In a retrospective analysis of 185 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 13 (7%) were found to have AVN. Of these, six had Raynaud's phenomenon, all had been on corticosteroids, and one had digital vasculitis. The mean duration of corticosteroid therapy was two years (range four months to five years). Five patients developed AVN two to 10 years after discontinuing steroids. The mean duration of disease at the onset of AVN was 6.85 years (range 1-19 years), and the mean age at onset of AVN was 31 years. Ten patients had severe multisystem involvement. None of the patients abused alcohol. Surgery was performed on 11 hips. Three had total hip replacement for stages 3 and 4 and seven had core decompression for stages 1 and 2. AVN progressed in two (28%) of these patients. In another patient core decompression failed for technical reasons. She subsequently required total hip replacement. The early detection of AVN to avoid the need for major surgery is stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Hepatitis B virus infection and liver function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

One hundred patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were investigated for serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and had liver function evaluated. One patient had hepatitis B surface antigen and 25 had antibodies to HBsAg which is not significantly different from normal blood donor controls. Minor liver function abnormalities were found in 35 patients and there was no difference between those with and without anti-HBs. A single patient without HBV markers had more severe liver enzyme elevation. Our data do not show a relationship between SLE and HBV and support the contention that liver diseases in lupus is mild.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Subcutaneous blood flow in psoriasis.

The simultaneously recorded disappearance rates of 133Xe from subcutaneous adipose tissue in the crus were studied in 10 patients with psoriasis vulgaris using atraumatic labeling of the tissue in lesional skin (LS) areas and symmetrical, nonlesional skin (NLS) areas. Control experiments were performed bilaterally in 10 younger, healthy subjects. The subcutaneous washout rate constant was significantly higher in LS, 0.79 +/- 0.05 min-1 X 10(2) compared to the washout rate constant of NLS, 0.56 +/- 0.07 min-1. 10(2) (p less than 0.05), or the washout rate constant in the normal subjects, 0.46 +/- 0.17 min-1 X 10(2) (p less than 0.01). The mean washout rate constant in NLS was 25% higher than the mean washout rate constant in the normal subjects. The difference was, however, not statistically significant. Differences in the washout rate constants might be due to abnormal subcutaneous tissue-to-blood partition (lambda) in the LS--and therefore not reflecting the real differences in the subcutaneous blood flow (SBF). The lambda for 133Xe was therefore measured--using a double isotope washout method (133Xe and [131I]antipyrine)--in symmetrical sites of the lateral crus in LS and NLS of 10 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and in 10 legs of normal subjects. In LS the lambda was 4.52 +/- 1.67 ml/g, which was not statistically different from that of NLS, 5.25 +/- 2.19 ml/g (p less than 0.05), nor from that of normal subcutaneous tissue, 4.98 +/- 1.04 ml/g (p less than 0.05). Calculations of the SBF using the obtained lambda values gave a significantly higher SBF in LS, 3.57 +/- 0.23 ml/100 g/min, compared to SBF in the NLS, 2.94 +/- 0.37 ml/100 g/min (p less than 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between SBF in NLS and SBF in the normal subjects. The increased SBF in LS of psoriatics might be a secondary phenomenon to an increased heat loss in the lesional skin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Regulation of local subcutaneous blood flow in patients with psoriasis and effects of antipsoriatic treatment on subcutaneous blood flow.

Local regulation of the doubled subcutaneous blood flow (SBF) rates in psoriatic lesional skin was studied in 8 patients using a traumatic epicutaneous 133Xe labeling washout technique. Venous stasis of 40 mm Hg induced a significant reduction in the SBF (-34%, p less than 0.01), i.e., a normal vasoconstrictor response. Limb elevation of 40 cm above heart level induced no statistical changes in the SBF (p = 0.50), i.e., a normal local autoregulation response. This indicates normal, local regulation mechanisms of SBF in psoriasis. In another 8 patients, the effect on SBF of a 4-week antipsoriatic treatment with tar was studied in lesional and symmetrically nonlesional skin areas. One patient was clear of psoriasis on day 22, and was followed only to that time. The mean pretreatment SBF in lesional skin areas was 3.87 +/- SD 0.78 ml X (100 g X min)-1, which was not statistically different from measurements on days 3, 7, 14, and 21 after treatment had started. Between day 21 and day 28, the SBF decreased significantly to 3.38 +/- SD 0.78 ml X (100 g X min)-1, p less than 0.05. The difference between the pretreatment SBF and SBF at the end of treatment was statistically significant, p less than 0.05. The changes in SBF in symmetrically nonlesional skin areas were statistically nonsignificant during the period of treatment. Pretreatment SBF was 2.60 +/- SD 1.08 (N = 8), and on day 28 was 1.91 +/- SD 0.74 ml X (100 g X min)-1 (N = 7). However, the tendency of a decreasing SBF at the end of treatment was a clear trend, since SBF in 6 of 7 patients decreased during the third week and in the patient who was discharged on day 22, a decrease in the SBF was observed on days 14 and 21. The week-to-week changes in the SBF of lesional and nonlesional skin sites were parallel, r = 0.93, p less than 0.02. The decrease in SBF in psoriatics during successful antipsoriatic treatment might be a secondary thermoregulatory phenomenon due to a decreasing cutaneous blood flow.

Adult↗