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Biomedical subjects

P Khosravi Shahi

Publications and source records attributed to P Khosravi Shahi.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Primary effusion lymphoma].

Primary effusion lymphoma is a rare high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection, and is mostly observed in the course of HIV infection (AIDS). The prognosis is poor, with reported median survival time shorter than 6 months. We present a case of a 65-year-old man, with prior unknown origin chronic hepatopathy, chronic hemolytic anaemia, and ascites. Biopsy of peritoneum showed a primary effusion lymphoma. The patient died two months later.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Waldemström s macroglobulinemia].

Waldenström s macroglobulinemia is an uncommon B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by bone marrow infiltration of luymphoplasmatic lymphoma, although sometimes there is a extramedullary lymphoma (nodal), with demonstration of an IgM monoclonal gammopathy. It must be distinguished from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and IgM- related disorders. The median survival of patients with Waldenström s macroglobulinemia averages 5 years. Asymptomatic cases should not be treated. Symtomatic cases could be treated with alkylating agents, nucleoside analogues (fludarabine or cladribine), and the monoclonal antibody rituximab. For the management of hyperviscosity and neuropathies plasmapheresis could be used successfully.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2005

[Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: therapeutical update].

Cancer of the exocrine pancreas continues to be a major unsolved health problem. Because of difficulties in diagnosis, the aggressiveness of pancreatic cancers, and the lack of effective systemic therapies, generally fewer than 5% of patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas survive 5 years after diagnosis. Thus, incidence rates and mortality rates are virtually identical. The median survival in metastatic pancreatic cancer is nearly six months.Today, surgery remains the only curative therapeutic option, and the standard treatment in patients with advanced disease is gemcitabine. New strategies for resectable and unresectable pancreatic cancer are under active investigation,such as neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemoradiotherapy or combinations of gemcitabine with new cytotoxic agents (oxaliplatin, cetuximab, gefitinib, bevacizumab) with promising results. In patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer and good performance status, chemoradiotherapy should be considered.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

[Extranodal T/NK-cell lymphoma, nasal type: a case report and review of the literature].

Extranodal T/NK-cell lymphoma, nasal type: a case report and review of the literature. Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, is an extranodal lymphoma, usually with an NK-cell phenotype and EBV positive, with a broad morphologic spectrum, frequent necrosis and angioinvasion, and most commonly presenting in the midfacial region, but also in other extranodal sites. We present the case of a 42-years old-man with a intranasal mass, left cervical adenopathies and indolent thrombocytosis. The biopsy of the nasal mass showed a diffuse infiltrate of medium-sized lymphoid cells, with slightly irregular nuclei and moderate polymorphous. The immunophenotype of tumor cells was CD45+, cCD3+, Granzyme B+, CD56+, CD20-,CD4-,CD8-, LMP1(EBV)-. The diagnosis of the case was Extranodal T/NK-cell lymphoma, nasal type. There was not disseminated disease in the extent studies. With the diagnosis of localized extranodal T/NK-cell lymphoma and reactive thrombocytosis, the patient was treated with chemotherapy and sequential radiotherapy, followed by bone marrow transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Histiocytic sarcoma: a case report and review of the literature].

Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare neoplasm, and its aetiology is unknown. It is a malignant proliferation of neoplastic cells showing immunophenotypic and morphologic features similar to tissue histiocytes. The clinical course of histiocytic sarcoma is usually agressive. The signs and symptoms of histiocytic sarcoma are systemic symptoms (fever, weight loss), hepatosplenomegaly, adenopathies, intestinal obstruction, rash and pancytopenia. We present the case of a 75 years old woman, with fever, weight loss, anorexia, fatigue, splenomegaly and pancytopenia. Bone marrow examination showed the diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Pancoast's syndrome (superior pulmonary sulcus tumor): review of the literature].

Pancoast's syndrome is produced by an apical lung tumor, with a local extensión to inferior brachial plexus, paravertebral sympathetic chain, vertebral bodies and first, second and third ribs. Its major cause is the non-small cell lung cancer, and this syndrome may produce shoulder pain and Horner's syndrome. The best diagnostic method is transthoracic needle aspiration, because of its peripheral location. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by complete surgical excision is the preferred approach to these tumors.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

[Plasma cell leukaemia: a rare variant of multiple myeloma. A case report].

Plasma cell leukaemia is a rare variant of multiple myeloma (2-3%), with an aggressive disease with short survival. It is defined as circulating peripheral blood plasma cells exceeding 2.000/ul and 20% of peripheral blood white cells. We present the case of 32-years-old man with left chest-wall pain, hepatomegaly, righ cervical adenopathy, 8800 leukocytes/ul with 33% of lymphocytes and 40% of plasma cell, 10.8 g/dl of proteins and a monoclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. Bone marrow biopsy showed 40-50 % of intramedullary plasma cell. There was a Ig G-kappa paraproteinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Biphosphonates in oncology].

Biophosphonates are analogues of pyrophosphate. The mechanism of action of bisphosphates is the inhibition of osteoclast activation (antiresorptive mechanism). The oral bioavailability of biophosphonates is only about 1-2%, and because of gastrointestinal side effects (mainly esophageal irritation), oral agents are less useful in oncology. Biophosphonates are used for the treatment of Paget s disease of bone, the prevention of osteoporosis, and in another clinical scenarios as the prevention of bone disease after organ transplantation. In clinical oncology biophosphonates are used for the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy, prevention and treatment of bone events related to bone metastases, and in the prevention of osteoporosis related to breast cancer. According to American Society of Clinical Oncology (ACO) guidelines, biophosphonates should be used in hypercalcemia of malignancy and bone events related to metastases of breast cancer and multiple myeloma.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

[Neoplasms of unknown primary site].

Neoplasms of unknown primary site are tumor diseases, which are diagnosed by the pathologic studies of one of their metastases. The treatment of neoplasms of unknown primary site is not totally established, except in a few situations with specific therapeutical implications, and a better prognosis. The usual treatment of neoplasms of unknown primary site is the empirical chemotherapy with taxanes (paclitaxel or docetaxel) and platines (cisplatin or carboplatin)-based regimens, with different results in the trials.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

[Case finding of iron overload in a university hospital].

BACKGROUND: The epidemiologic importance of iron overload disorders and the clinical lack of its diagnosis led us to an active search of cases among the hospitalized patients in a general university hospital. This situation will make it possible to have a larger and earlier number of diagnosis together with a preventive intervention and an effective treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A transverse study was performed on patients admitted to a fifteen beds ward in the internal medicine department. They have all been applied, without exclusion criteria, the iron metabolism parameters survey. The transferrin saturation (TS), due to its sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value, has been considered appropriate for the phenotypic screening of the iron overload disorders. Subjects with fasting TS of 45% or more were considered as risk population. RESULTS: The study comprised 117 patients with an average age of 69.9 +/- 15.04. The high-risk population rate was 13.8% with an average age of 60.8 +/- 20.17, as compared to the low-risk population with an average age of 71.3 +/- 13.7 (p < 0.05). The most outstanding illnesses associated to the high-risk population are chronic hepatitis and diabetes mellitus (31.25%). An 18.7% of the cases show undernourishment. CONCLUSIONS: The iron overload is a prevalent illness whose early diagnosis requires a high clinical suspicion. The active search among the hospitalized patients, who have been made a TS, benefits the new cases detection. The TS is a screening technique with a high diagnostic profitability if you evaluate correctly the false positives. For that reason, we think the TS has to be included within the analytic requests which patients are made when admitted to hospital.

Adult↗