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Biomedical subjects

P Kaudewitz

Publications and source records attributed to P Kaudewitz.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Detection of HTLV-I proviral sequences in CD30-positive large cell cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.

To investigate the possibility that cutaneous T-cell lymphomas of large cell type may be associated with human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I infection in nonendemic regions, tissue samples from six cases of large cell cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and four cases of small cell cutaneous T-cell lymphoma were screened for the presence of integrated proviral human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I DNA. Combined use of Southern blot hybridization and enzymatic DNA amplification revealed human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I-specific sequences in all cases of large cell cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and in none of the cases of small cell cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. These results suggest that in nonendemic areas, a significant proportion of large cell cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cases are associated with human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Encapsulated neuroma of the skin. A clinical, histologic and immunohistologic study].

Encapsulated neuroma of the skin is a little known, though not especially rare, benign tumour of the peripheral nerve system. It is often wrongly diagnosed on the basis of both clinical and histological investigation. We have subjected 24 encapsulated neuromas to clinical, histological, and immunohistological study. Clinically, they presented as solitary, skin-coloured small nodules, usually located on the face in middle-aged adults. Histologically, encapsulated neuromas are well-circumscribed dermal tumours. They are composed of interlacing fascicles of Schwann cells (S-100 protein +) and numerous tiny axons (S-100 protein +, neurofilament +). Most reveal at least partial encapsulation with perineurial differentiation (EMA +, vimentin +). Encapsulated neuromas can be differentiated from other tumours of the peripheral nerve system and from leiomyoma by their distinctive histological and immunohistological features.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia of the skin with high content of Ki-1 positive lymphocytes.

We report the case of a spontaneously regressing lymphocytic lesion on the neck of a 76-year-old man. Routine histopathological examination revealed a heterogeneous infiltrate composed of both lymphoid follicles and preferentially perifollicular and interfollicular sheets of large atypical cells. Immunohistologically, large atypical cells were positive for Ki-1/Ber-H2 (CD30), anti-Il-2 (CD25), Ber T9, anti-HLA-DR, Leu-5b (CD2), T3 (CD3), Leu-3 (CD4), Leu-1 (CD5) and, occasionally, Leu-M1 (CD15); that is, they showed an arrangement and immunophenotype similar to those of perifollicular Ki-1 positive cells in reactive lymphoid tissue. In contrast, antibodies To15 (CD22), anti-immunoglobulins, and anti-CALLA (CD10) stained polyclonal B-cells restricted to lymphoid follicles and small clusters representing remnants of follicles. We suggest that this lesion be termed "follicular lymphoid hyperplasia of the skin with high content of activated T-helper cells."

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Primary and secondary cutaneous Ki-1+ (CD30+) anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Morphologic, immunohistologic, and clinical-characteristics.

Skin biopsies were collected from 15 patients with cutaneous tumors morphologically similar to Ki-1+ anaplastic large cell (ALC) lymphoma of the lymph nodes, including Ki-1+ ALC lymphoma of childhood. The histology and immunophenotype of these cutaneous tumors are reported and follow-up data on the patients are given. The tumorous infiltrates were composed of large, sometimes very bizarre cells with one nucleolus or multiple nucleoli. All tumor cells expressed the lymphoid cell activation antigen Ki-1 (CD30) in conjunction with CD25 and the beta-chain of the T cell receptor. In 11 patients, Ki-1+ cutaneous tumors developed primarily in the skin. In nine patients, these were restricted to the skin in follow-up periods ranging from 3 months to 6 years. Two patients developed lymph node involvement after 2 months and 2 years, indicating the spreading potential of these cutaneous tumors. Morphologic and immunophenotypical identity of the atypical cells found in primary cutaneous ALC lymphoma, in regressing atypical histiocytosis (RAH), and in lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) of type A, together with the protracted clinical course in all three conditions, suggests that primary cutaneous ALC lymphoma, RAH, and LyP of type A represent clinical variants of the same lymphoma entity. Secondary development of Ki-1+ ALC skin tumors was observed in two patients with cutaneous T cell lymphomas of mycosis fungoides type. These secondary Ki-1+ ALC lymphomas of the skin showed rapid systemic progression similar to the primary lymphonodal Ki-1+ ALC lymphomas. Concomitant or subsequent occurrence of Ki-1+ ALC tumors in cutaneous T cell lymphomas thus may be a bad prognostic sign.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Urea in combination with dithranol in treating psoriasis vulgaris].

Dithranol (anthralin) is one of the basic compounds used in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. However, in outpatients its use is largely restricted as it may cause discoloration of skin, clothes, and bedding as well as significant skin irritation. The combination of dithranol with urea results in a better benefit/side-effect ratio. Even at relatively low dithranol concentrations (0.1%/0.2%) combined preparations have been found to be effective over several weeks of application. The therapeutic results of such treatment are comparable to those of topical glucocorticosteroid preparations.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

Tumor cell growth fractions in human malignant melanomas and the correlation to histopathologic tumor grading.

The growth fraction (GF) of 72 human malignant melanomas was determined by immunostaining with monoclonal antibody Ki-67. A positive correlation of GF and histopathologically-assessed prognostic variables, such as tumor thickness, mitotic rate, and prognostic index, was found. Individual Ki-67 values were considerably scattered in all histologically defined groups of malignancy. Thus, GF as determined by Ki-67 was used to calculate a modified prognostic index. In contrast to the histologically defined prognostic index, the Ki-67 based prognostic index allows further subdivision of thin malignant melanomas with no or few mitotic figures. This may be of help in identifying tumors with a high recurrence potential.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Reactivity of T cells in mycosis fungoides exhibiting marked epidermotropism with the monoclonal antibody HML-1 that defines a membrane molecule on human mucosal lymphocytes.

Twenty-eight cases of cutaneous T cell lymphomas of mycosis fungoides type, 8 of which showed a marked epidermotropism, were investigated for their reactivity with the monoclonal antibody HML-1. This reagent selectively recognizes human benign and malignant intestinal T lymphocytes, but not benign or malignant lymph node T cells. In all cases, the majority of nonepithelium-associated T cells present in the corium were HML-1 negative. In the eight cases with marked epidermotropism, the intraepidermal (IED) T cells were HML-1 positive in three cases, and HML-1 negative in the remaining five cases. The HML-1 positive IED T cells tended to be localized preferentially in the basal layers, whereas the HML-1 negative IED T cells were more diffusely distributed throughout all epidermal cell layers or formed intra-epidermal aggregates. These findings provide further evidence that mycosis fungoides is not a single entity, but represents a group of neoplasms originating from different T cell subsets that have in common their tropism to epidermis and/or dermis, and thus have a similar clinical presentation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

[Ambulatory external treatment of psoriasis vulgaris: comparison of the effectiveness of a dithranol and a glucocorticoid-containing preparation].

In a comparative study, 20 ambulatory patients suffering from chronic psoriasis vulgaris with plaques were treated with preparations containing either dithranol (0.1/0.2%) plus urea (17%) or desoximetasone (0.25%). In the two groups, 7 and 8 courses, resp., could be evaluated. Both modalities led to significant improvement of the skin lesions. During the course of treatment, there were no significant differences between the two regimens with regard to both the area of skin involvement and the scores of semiquantitative evaluation of infiltration, erythema, and scaling.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1987

Cutaneous infiltrates of histiocytosis X contain plasminogen activator-bearing epidermotropic dendritic cells different from Langerhans cells.

Plasminogen activators (PA) play an important role in cell migration and tissue degradation. Considering the strong epidermotropism of atypical mononuclear cells in histiocytosis X (HX) skin infiltrates leading to intraepidermal abscess formation, it was the purpose of this study to look for tissue-type PA (t-PA) and/or urokinase-type PA (u-PA) on HX cells. Four monoclonal antibodies against PA were used, employing the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique on cryostat sections from four patients with HX. Twenty percent to 40% of infiltrating cells in the epidermis expressed the t-PA antigen. t-PA+ cells were present in the follicular centers of human tonsil, absent in normal epidermis and scanty in cutaneous infiltrates from mycosis fungoides and lupus erythematosus. Double labeling with anti-PA and T6 (CD1) or S100 protein revealed some of the HX cells to express both antigens (t-PA+ CD1+ or t-PA+ S100+). We conclude that cutaneous infiltrates of HX contain PA+ dendritic cells which are different from normal Langerhans cells and which may be responsible for the strong epidermal alterations in HX.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Cell populations in pagetoid reticulosis: an immunological study using cell activation associated monoclonal antibodies.

The nature of the epidermal cellular infiltrate in pagetoid reticulosis is still subject to intense controversies. Using a panel of recently developed monoclonal antibodies against cell activation and proliferation associated antigens it was possible to demonstrate the activated state of numerous T cells within the lesional epidermis. Moreover approximately 10% of these T cells reacted with proliferation associated antigens. In addition macrophages and Langerhans' cells were found to represent a regular constituent of the epidermal infiltrate with a density clearly exceeding that of unaffected adjacent epidermis. The close apposition of activated T cells and monocytic cells suggests an intensive interaction of both cell types in the development of the pagetoid reticulosis lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Immunohistochemical classification of cutaneous lymphomas and pseudolymphomas].

We investigated 46 cases of cutaneous lymphoma and pseudolymphoma by immunohistochemical methods using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Of the cutaneous T cell lymphomas, 2 did not show the classic helper phenotype but revealed a predominance of suppressor cells in one case and of immature thymocytes in the other. Cutaneous B cell lymphomas of low-grade malignancy were characterized by the presence of completely developed T zones between the B cell areas. B cell lymphomas of high-grade malignancy revealed an immunohistologically homogeneous infiltrate. Cutaneous pseudolymphomas can be classified in T cell pseudolymphomas (lymphocytic infiltration, lymphomatoid papulosis) and B cell pseudolymphomas. Lymphadenosis cutis benigna with germinal center cell differentiation was clearly distinguishable from other B cell pseudolymphomas, which are considered to comprise mainly peripheral B lymphocytes. Immunohistological methods are obviously useful in the classification of lymphoproliferative diseases of the skin and can make a contribution to increasing our understanding of them.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Reactivity of monoclonal antibody BE 2 in different stages of mycosis fungoides and in benign dermal infiltrates.

The cutaneous infiltrate in mycosis fungoides (MF) is predominantly composed of T4-positive T-cells. Attempts to distinguish the early stages of this condition from benign inflammatory infiltrates using anti-T3, T4 and other T-cell-associated antibodies have hitherto been unsuccessful. Recently a monoclonal antibody BE 2 has been described as selectively reacting against leukemic cells in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. To investigate whether the BE 2 antigen is differentially expressed in different stages of MF and benign dermatoses, thus facilitating diagnosis, especially of early MF, the reactivity of monoclonal antibody BE 2 against cutaneous infiltrates from such conditions was assessed. In the early stages of MF only a small number of reactive cells was present. In benign inflammatory infiltrates, especially in those that clinically and histologically were hardly distinguishable from early MF, BE 2 reactivity was essentially the same as in eczematous-stage MF. Lesions from plaque and tumor stage MF contained large numbers of BE 2-reactive cells. Our results indicate that expression of BE 2 is associated with the stage of a given MF lesion and is essentially identical in early MF and eczematous lesions with a similar histopathological appearance.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Atypical cells in lymphomatoid papulosis express the Hodgkin cell-associated antigen Ki-1.

Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is characterized by the presence of large multinucleated cells resembling Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells. Evidence of antigenic similarity between these two cell types has been sought by immunohistologic labeling of 10 biopsies from cases of LyP with monoclonal antibodies against Ki-1 and other RS and Hodgkin (H) cell-associated antigens. In all cases studied, a proportion of the large atypical cells expressed the Ki-1 antigen. On the contrary, in 20 biopsies of benign skin lesions or cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, Ki-1-positive cells were absent or only occasionally present. Furthermore the large atypical cells of LyP also expressed antigens (e.g., T3, T4, HLA-DR, IL-2 receptors) which we have previously demonstrated on RS cells in the majority of cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD). These findings, in conjunction with the observation that Ki-1 antigen expression can be induced on peripheral blood lymphocytes following exposure to phytohemagglutinin or HTLV I, provide evidence that the Ki-1 positive cells in LyP represent activated T cells as RS cells do in many cases of HD.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[Immunologic phenotyping of cutaneous lymphomas].

Monoclonal antibodies against lymphoid cell-associated antigens have contributed substantially to our understanding of cutaneous lymphomas. The distribution and function of the most important T- and B-cell antigens are summarized and their expression on cutaneous lymphomas is discussed. Monoclonal antibodies can provide a valuable diagnostic approach to supplement routine histology, especially in histologically doubtful cases.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[Acyclovir in mycosis fungoides and lymphomatoid papulosis].

A survey is given on 23 patients (10 of our own, 13 reported in personal communications and in the literature) suffering from lymphoproliferative diseases and treated with acyclovir (ACV). In 5 patients (3 of 18 with cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, 2 of 5 with lymphomatoid papulosis) partial remission could be achieved. Since herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus and viruses like Epstein-Barr and varicella-zoster do not play an etiologic role and since HTLV-I virus, due to its lack of thymidine kinase, cannot activate ACV, the following mechanisms should be discussed regarding the possible effectiveness of ACV in lymphoproliferative diseases: a direct cytopathic effect; activation of ACV by the thymidine kinase of viruses not yet detected in cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders; ACV activation by cellular thymidine kinase, which has been found to be elevated in lymphoproliferative disorders. Preliminary clinical observations suggest that ACV may exhibit an antiproliferative effect intravenously in some patients with lymphomatoid papulosis.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1985

In situ analysis of antigens on malignant and benign cells of the melanocyte lineage. Differential expression of two surface molecules, gp75 and p89.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were selected for differential binding to sections of freshly frozen biopsy material of human malignant melanomas and their precursor lesions, the melanocytic nevi. Both melanomas and normal nevi expressed human Ia-like antigens, transferrin receptor and the transferrin-related molecule p97. In contrast, only 1 nevus of 21 tested expressed both glycoprotein gp75, defined by mAb 15.75, and protein p89, defined by mAb P3.58, whereas 12 of 15 melanomas tested expressed both antigens. mAb P3.58 reacted with one additional melanoma and one nevus. The expression of these two molecules therefore appears to be correlated with the appearance of the malignant phenotype of melanocytes.

Animals↗