Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Kaminsky

Publications and source records attributed to P Kaminsky.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Incidence of waterborne lead poisoning in an internal medicine department in a region with acid soil].

Between 1980 and 1985 patients living in the Vosges mountains and admitted to the internal medicine department of a university hospital were systematically investigated for chronic lead poisoning. The delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase assay was used for screening, and when necessary confirmation was obtained with calcium EDTA-induced plumburia test and lead assays in domestic water. Among 366 patients with no suspicion of lead poisoning, the condition was proven in 52 cases and found probable in 15 cases, i.e. in 18 p. 100 of these patients. Obviously, figures cannot be extrapolated to the entire population of the Vosges, but they indicate that lead-induced morbidity is widespread and that saturnism constitutes a major health problem. In one-half of the cases, chronic lead poisoning affected people over 65 while patients of that age group accounted for only 14 p. 100 of non lead-poisoned patients. Prolonged tolerance to the intoxication explains why saturnism has for so long passed unnoticed in the Vosges region, and it may be feared that the same applies to other regions with the same geological features as the Vosges.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of gingival index and sulcus bleeding index as indicators of periodontal status.

Although the gingival index and sulcus bleeding index have been widely used as indicators of periodontal status, there is some disagreement among investigators as to their meaning and significance. A clinical study was undertaken to monitor the occurrence of gingival bleeding, oedema, and change in colour in subjects with and without periodontal disease, and it was found that the combinations of these clinical symptoms often did not correspond exactly with an index score. It is therefore suggested that any study of periodontal disease should be based on fundamental criteria, such as bleeding or oedema, rather than on composite indices.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spectroscopy of phosphorus in nuclear magnetic resonance. General review of clinical applications to the study of human skeletal muscle].

Phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy enables the energy metabolism of skeletal muscles to be studied non-invasively in vivo. Relative concentrations of phosphocreatine (PCr), inorganic phosphate (iP), monophosphoric sugars (mP) and ATP, as well as intracellular pH values, are directly accessible through the spectra. The striated muscle is continuously studied at rest, during exercise and during recovery. Exercise-induced changes in pH and mP provide indirect information on glycogenolysis and glycolysis. The speed of PCr resynthesis during post-exercise recovery and the PCr/iP ratio values at rest excellently reflect mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylations. Phosphorus NMR spectroscopy therefore is of interest not only to study the impact, through hypoxia, on muscle energy metabolism of such pathologies as cardiac or respiratory failure, or to study various acquired metabolic muscular diseases, but also and above all, to detect and locate muscular enzyme deficiencies involving glycogenolysis, glycolysis or mitochondrial metabolism, thereby pointing to the diagnosis of congenital, and mainly metabolic, myopathies.

Energy Metabolism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mitochondrial disorder secondary to inflammation in polymyositis. Two cases].

Two cases of polymyositis were followed using phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The spectra recorded during remission were normal, but those collected from the gastrocnemius muscle during the active phase of the diseases showed an increased inorganic phosphate level or a decreased phosphocreatine content. The intracellular pH was normal. These findings may be related to an impairement in mitochondrial metabolism secondary to the inflammatory process. Moreover, the fact that the abnormalities observed disappeared after treatment suggests that phosphorus NMR spectroscopy could be used as a non-invasive method in the follow-up of polymyositis, but this must be confirmed by further studies.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Control of muscular bioenergetics by the thyroid hormones].

Thyroid hormones control the expression of genes coding for myosin isoforms, the Na-K ATPase pumps and the Ca-ATPase canals of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This explains the increase of contractility and relaxation of skeletal muscles observed in hyperthyroidism, as opposed to hypothyroidism. Control of key-enzymes of the main energetic pathways accounts for inhibition of oxidative metabolisms in hypothyroidism and excessive glycolysis recruitment in hyperthyroidism. In both cases muscle performance is reduced, with accumulation of lactic acid at exercise. This is due to defective pyruvate oxidation and proton expulsion in hypothyroidism, and to acceleration of glycolysis in hyperthyroidism. These abnormalities partly explain why subjects with dysthyroidism are intolerant to exertion.

Energy Metabolism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[High dose intravenous immunoglobulins in therapeutic arsenal in autoimmune and systemic diseases].

Immune globulin are extracted from plasma pooled from 1000 or more donors. Each lot should contain at least 90% of intact IgG. Intravenous immune globulin are recommended unequivocally for some diseases: acute autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura of childhood, autoimmune erythroblastopenia, haemophilia with anti-VIII antibodies, Kawasaki's syndrome, and perhaps, Guillain-Barré syndrome. Nevertheless, this therapy has been reported to be beneficial for more than 35 diseases thought to be produced by immunopathology. Large amounts of immune globulin, such as 400 to 2000 mg/kg are proposed over a period of two to five days. The safety of this treatment, which may be introduced without any special structure, is a very interesting quality of the intravenous immune globulin therapy. However, comparative efficacy against reference therapy, surveillance for long-term positive and adverse effects and cost-effectiveness should be carried out.

Autoimmune Diseases↗