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Biomedical subjects

P K OLITSKY

Publications and source records attributed to P K OLITSKY.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1957

Effect of nutrition on the production of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in mice.

The susceptibility of homozygous BSVS mice to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADE) has been found to be nutritionally dependent. On a laboratory stock regimen of commercial fox chow pellets, whole wheat bread, and milk this genotype is 100 per cent susceptible to the disease. On a "synthetic" diet, containing a minimal list of vitamins adequate for growth and maintenance, susceptibility was found to be reduced to 15 per cent. Supplementation of the "synthetic" diet with biotin, folic acid, and vitamin B(12) restored susceptibility to a frequency of 70 per cent. Increasing the supplements tenfold had no further effect in restoring susceptibility frequencies to the 100 per cent level. In the restoration of susceptibility, folic acid and vitamin B(12) were equally effective as single supplements and equivalent to the triple vitamin supplement. The effect of single biotin supplementation was less. An outbreak of fatal pasteurellosis among BSVS mice latently infected with Pasteurella and used in an ADE susceptibility test has been described. The fatal pasteurellosis has been ascribed to a constellation of determinants including (a) diet, (b) sex, (c) inoculation events, and (d) latent infection with Pasteurella. With males the susceptible sex it was possible to avert the fatal pasteurellosis and continue the nutritional experiments by using females exclusively.

Animals↗
PubMed1952

Development, persistence, and significance of type 2, poliomyelitis complement-fixing antibody in man.

Sera from 81 patients with a diagnosis of paralytic or non-paralytic poliomyelitis, and from 159 individuals of similar age groups giving no history of the disease, were tested with a high titered, complement-fixing poliomyelitis antigen of Type 2 (Lansing-like). The antigen consisted of brain tissue from newborn mice injected with the MEF1 strain of virus as previously adapted to these animals. The presence or absence of Type 2 neutralizing antibody in the sera under test was found not to affect the complement fixation. Positive reactions were obtained with 57 per cent of the sera deriving from non-paralytic patients and in 70 per cent from paralytics, when the specimens were tested at a dilution of 1:16. The complement-fixing antibody was often present in highest titer as early as 24 hours after the onset of poliomyelitis, and in almost all instances within 7 days. In about half of the patients a 4-fold or greater drop in titer occurred within 3 months, with little or no change in the others. The incidence of titers of 1:16 or higher with the control sera varied with the season of the year at which they were procured, 3 per cent of the winter samples proving positive and 13 per cent of the summer. The tests of sera from the group of patients from whom poliomyelitis virus was recovered, disclosed no significant differences between those having the paralytic and those having the non-paralytic disease. Type 1 (Brunhilde-like) strains of virus were recovered from many of the patients yielding positive tests, although they presented no evidence of previous or concurrent infection with Type 2 virus. This finding shows that Type 1 virus can give rise in patients to Type 2 complement-fixing antibody. The application of these data to the serologic diagnosis of poliomyelitis infection in man will of necessity be limited until information is obtained on the development, persistence, and significance of complement-fixation reactions with antigens deriving from Type 1 and Type 3 poliomyelitis strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1952

Homotypic complement-fixing antibody in monkeys infected with type 2 poliomyelitis virus by the oral route.

CF tests with Type 2 poliomyelitis antigen (MEF1) were performed on the pre- and postinfection sera of 20 cynomolgus monkeys which developed paralytic, non-paralytic, or inapparent infection following oral administration of a Type 2 strain of virus (Y-SK). All the monkeys developed neutralizing antibody, and 17 developed CF antibody in an original serum dilution titer of 1:4 or greater. The 3 monkeys which did not develop this level of CF antibody were in a group of 7 which died within 8 days after onset of paralysis. The CF titers were as high at 2 to 6 days after onset of paralysis in the other 4 moribund or dead monkeys as in the surviving animals tested 4 weeks after the first dose of virus and the CF titers were of the same order of magnitude in the groups with paralytic, non-paralytic, or inapparent infection. The Type 2 poliomyelitis CF titers developed in monkeys as a result of infection with homotypic virus were not greater than those found in human beings infected with heterotypic Type 1 poliomyelitis strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1951

Adaptation of a Lansing strain of poliomyelitis virus to newborn mice.

By means of rapid serial passages, including 3 successive "blind" passages, the MEF1 strain, a Lansing-type poliomyelitis virus, has been adapted to new-born mice. The virus can readily be propagated in newborn mice, in which fully adapted virus induces in almost all inoculated animals the experimental disease, resulting in a much greater infectivity for the central nervous system and a uniformly short and regular incubation period.

Animals↗
PubMed1951

A specific complement-fixation test for infection with poliomyelitis virus.

A complement-fixing antigen has been developed, using as source of material CNS tissue from newborn mice infected with the newborn mouse-adapted strain of the Lansing type, MEF1 virus. With this antigen, specific reactions have been obtained with sera from mice, cotton rats, and monkeys immunized with the Lansing-type virus, and from monkeys and chimpanzees convalescent from infection with this virus. Twenty-one of 35 human sera obtained from individuals convalescent from poliomyelitis were positive and 6 of 22 from apparently normal persons having Lansing-neutralizing antibody, while this held true for only 1 of 19 from those having no Lansing-neutralizing antibody. The fact that positive results were found in sera from patients having an infection with poliomyelitis virus of the Brunhilde type and at the same time no Lansing-neutralizing antibody brings up the possibility of the existence of a cross-reaction in complement fixation between the two types.

Animals↗