Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P K Agrawal

Publications and source records attributed to P K Agrawal.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Lacrimal canalicular obstruction by cysticercus cellulosae.

Ocular adnexal infestation in cysticercosis is unusual. A case of lacrimal canalicular obstruction by cysticercus cellulosae in a 35-year-old female is reported. The diagnosis was established by histopathological examination of the cyst, surgically removed from the above patient with a suspected benign neoplasm in the lacrimal passage. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of lacrimal canalicular obstruction by cysticercus cellulosae.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Intravenous infusion for the treatment of diabetic and ischaemic non-healing pedal ulcers.

Diabetic and ischaemic non-healing pedal ulcers have a tendency for chronicity and increased chances of infection, which may threaten the viability of the foot. Systemic administration of therapeutic agents may be insufficient in these cases. We have assessed the role of retrograde venous perfusion (RVP) for the treatment of nine diabetic and 10 ischaemic non-healing pedal ulcers. Agents used were soda bicarbonate, heparin, lignocaine, gentamicin and pentoxiphylline. Five of nine diabetic non-healing ulcers showed complete healing and the remaining four improved. The complete recovery in the cases of diabetic ulcer occurred in 10-24 days (mean 16 days), while ischaemic ulcers took 10-14 days for complete recovery (mean 13.6 days). There was a reduction of rest pain in all 10 patients with ischaemic disease; five patients showed complete healing of ulcers, and the other five improved significantly. In two patients, pre-gangrene changes were reversed. RVP is a useful adjunct to conservative or surgical treatment of non-healing pedal ulcers. Its main impact was in improving ischaemia and promoting healing.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Role of curcumin in idiopathic inflammatory orbital pseudotumours.

The present report, describes for the first time the clinical efficacy of curcumin, the active constituent of rhizomes of Curcuma longa, in the treatment of patients suffering from idiopathic inflammatory orbital pseudotumours. Curcumin was administered orally at a dose of 375 mg/3 times/day orally for a period of 6-22 months in eight patients. They were followed up for a period of 2 years at 3 monthly intervals. Five patients completed the study, out of which four recovered completely and in one patient the swelling regressed completely but some limitation of movement persisted. No side effect was noted in any patient and there was no recurrence. It is suggested that curcumin could be used as a safe and effective drug in the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory orbital pseudotumours.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Efficacy of curcumin in the management of chronic anterior uveitis.

Curcumin, obtained from rhizomes of Curcuma longa, was administered orally to patients suffering from chronic anterior uveitis (CAU) at a dose of 375 mg three times a day for 12 weeks. Of 53 patients enrolled, 32 completed the 12-week study. They were divided into two groups: one group of 18 patients received curcumin alone, whereas the other group of 14 patients, who had a strong PPD reaction, in addition received antitubercular treatment. The patients in both the groups started improving after 2 weeks of treatment. All the patients who received curcumin alone improved, whereas the group receiving antitubercular therapy along with curcumin had a response rate of 86%. Follow up of all the patients for the next 3 years indicated a recurrence rate of 55% in the first group and of 36% in the second group. Four of 18 (22%) patients in the first group and 3 of 14 patients (21%) in the second group lost their vision in the follow up period due to various complications in the eyes, e.g. vitritis, macular oedema, central venous block, cataract formation, glaucomatous optic nerve damage etc. None of the patients reported any side effect of the drug. The efficacy of curcumin and recurrences following treatment are comparable to corticosteroid therapy which is presently the only available standard treatment for this disease. The lack of side effects with curcumin is its greatest advantage compared with corticosteroids. A double blind multi-centric clinical trial with this drug in CAU is highly desirable to further validate the results of the present study.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

NMR and molecular modeling studies on two glycopeptides from the carbohydrate-protein linkage region of connective tissue proteoglycans.

Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments are reported for two glycopeptides representing the carbohydrate-protein linkage region of connective tissue proteoglycans. These glycopeptides are the octasaccharide hexapeptide, Ser(GlcpAbeta(1-->3) Galpbeta(1-->3)Galpbeta(1-->4)Xylpbeta)-Gly-Ser-Gly-Se r (GlcpAbeta(1-->3)Galpbeta(1-->3)Galpbeta(1-->4)Xylp beta)-Gly (1), and the tetrasaccharide dipeptide, Ser(GlcpAbeta(1-->3)Galpbeta(1-->3)Galpbeta(1-->4)X ylpbeta)-Gly (2). The vicinal coupling constant data show that the monosaccharide residues adopt4 C 1 chair conformations. Distance geometry/simulated annealing calculations using 2D NOESY derived distance constraints yielded a single family of structures for the tetrasaccharide moiety, with well defined interglycosidic linkage conformations. The straight phi torsion angles of the glycosidic C1'-O1 bonds showed a strict preference for the -sc range whereas the psi torsion angles (O1-Cn) exhibited dependence upon the interglycosidic linkage position (-ac for beta(1-->3) linkage, +ac for beta(1-->4) linkage). The predominant conformation about the glycopeptide bond is straight phi = -sc and psi = +ac. The presence of strong daN (i, i+1) NOE contacts, and the general absence of dNN (i, i+1) contacts (except for a weak Ser-5/Gly-6 dNN contact) and the dbN (i, i+1) contacts (except for Ser-1/Gly-2) in the ROESY spectrum, suggest that the backbone for 1 is predominantly in an extended conformation. A comparison of the ROESY data for 1 with those obtained from the unglycosylated hexapeptide (3) of the same sequence suggests that glycosylation has only a marginal influence on the backbone conformation of the hexapeptide.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Partial purification and substrate specificity of heparan sulfate alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I: synthesis, NMR spectroscopic characterization and in vitro assays of two aryl tetrasaccharides.

Studies of heparan sulfate biosynthesis on beta-D-xylosides have led to the hypothesis that heparan sulfate alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (alpha-GlcNAc-TI) recognizes structures at the reducing end of the proteoglycan linkage tetrasaccharide. We report here the in vivo and in vitro testing of this hypothesis using four synthetic substrates, benzyl- and 2-naphthalenemethanyl-beta-D-xylosides, and two proteoglycan linkage tetrasaccharides containing benzyl alcohol or naphthalmethanol aglycones, viz., GlcAbeta(1 --> 3)Gal beta(1 --> 3)Gal beta(1 --> 4)Xyl beta-O-Bn (BNT) and GlcAbeta(1 --> 3)Gal beta(1 --> 3)Gal beta(1 --> 4)Xyl beta-O-NM (NMT). The aryl tetrasaccharides were chemically synthesized and the 1H and 13C resonances were assigned by two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. The inter-residue spatial constraints, determined by the 2D NOESY data, revealed essentially identical conformations for the interglycosidic linkages and Xyl-O-CH2Ar linkages in both compounds. Interestingly, the aromatic rings in both tetrasaccharides undergo rapid internal rotation across the CH2-Ar bond. These tetrasaccharides were used to assay heparan sulfate alpha-GlcNAc-TI from homogenates of wild-type CHO cells. alpha-GlcNAc-TI was also purified approximately 900-fold from rat liver and assayed with BNT and NMT. At nearly all concentrations tested, alpha-GlcNAc-TI activity from both CHO cell homogenates and rat liver was greater with the NMT. When fed to CHO cells, benzyl-beta-D-xyloside primed heparan sulfate poorly relative to 2-naphthalenemethanyl-beta-D-xyloside. Thus, the in vitro enzyme activity is consistent with the in vivo priming data that suggests that alpha-GlcNAc-TI can directly recognize structure at the reducing end of the linkage tetrasaccharide. These studies provide an in vivo basis for the possible role of core protein sequences in the biosynthesis of specific glycosaminoglycans.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Scrokoelziside A, a triterpene glycoside from Scrophularia koelzii.

Scrokoelziside A, isolated from the aerial parts of Scrophularia koelzii was shown to be 3-O-([alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3), beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-fucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D- glucopyranosyl]-13 beta,28-epoxyolean-11-en-23-ol, on the basis one- and two-dimensional NMR homo- and hetero-nuclear spectroscopic evidence.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, an uncommon lesion of bone and extraskeletal tissue, is rare in the orbit. A case of extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit in a 28-year-old woman presenting with proptosis and diminution of vision in the left eye is reported. Histologically, the tumor showed areas of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells with islands of cartilage. Immunohistochemical analysis for S-100 protein showed focal positivity in chondroid areas. The eye was preserved and the patient has good vision after 2 years of follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Microphthalmos with cyst: a clinical study.

Defects in closure of embryonic fissure and invagination of optic vesicle results in varied clinical presentation of microphthalmos with cyst. In our study, three patients had microphthalmos with cyst in one of their orbits. The cyst presented either as a swelling in the lower lid or as a sinus with purulent discharge associated with absent or small sized eyeball. The microphthalmic eye showed a spectrum of posterior segment abnormalities such as retinal disorganisation, gliosis, choroidal, and scleral coloboma. Microscopically, the cyst connected to the coloboma consisted of an outer layer of fibrovascular tissue and an inner gliotic neuroectodermal layer. The treatment consisted of excision of cyst alone or of microphthalmic eye with cyst. The use of conformers was mandatory after removal of cystic eyeball for near normal development of both orbits to maintain facial symmetry in our paediatric patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The predictive value of the relative lens position in primary angle-closure glaucoma.

The relative lens position has been considered to be an important determinant in primary angle-closure glaucoma, but its predictive value needs to be assessed. Therefore, in this tertiary-care center-based case-control study, 70 cases and an equal number of controls were investigated to analyze this association. It was found that, after controlling for age, sex, and refractive error, the relative lens position and anterior chamber depth had a strong association with the disease in separate logit models (P < .01). The predictability of the separate logit models with the relative lens position and anterior chamber depth was found to be statistically significant (-2 x maximized logarithmic likelihood, 93.94 and 19.39, respectively, P < .01). Because the relative lens position represents a composite measure from a set of variables, it can be used as a significant predictive alternative to anterior chamber depth in the genesis of this disease.

Adult↗