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Biomedical subjects

P Joubert

Publications and source records attributed to P Joubert.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Uretero-calicostomy for hydronephrosis caused by junction disease in children and adolescents. Apropos of 35 cases].

35 children and adolescents were submitted to ureterocalicostomy for PUJ obstruction. The surgical procedure is explained and specially the importance of performing a regular, muco-mucosal anastomosis to avoid its secondary stenosis. 9 patients have an excellent result with absence of clinical symptoms, sterile urinalysis and normal IVP. 20 patients have a good result with absence of clinical symptoms, sterile urinalysis and improvement of the dilatation of the cavities. 2 secondary nephrectomies have had to be performed because of a dysplastic kidney (1 patient) or of a parenchymal infection (1 patient). 2 patients have no clinical symptoms but have no improvement of their IVP. 3 kinds of indications have been distinguished: failures of previous surgery of the PUJ (5 patients); PUJ obstruction associated with congenital kidney abnormalities as horseshoe kidney (15 patients) and malrotation (3 patients); severe PUJ obstructions with a very thin parenchyma (12 patients). Ureterocalicostomy appears to be a helpful procedure in some defined situations where a declive drainage of the urine essential. No late deteriorations have been recorded in this series.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Duodenopancreatic contusions. Diagnostic difficulties in children].

The authors describe a case of duodenopancreatic injury in a 6-year-old girl, with the clinical presentation of appendicitis. The findings point to the importance of a precise anamnesis, as in its mild form the traumatism is often poorly recognized, and may be incorrectly diagnosed. It is therefore recommended that a thorough clinical examination be carried out, with abdominal ultrasonography, X-ray barium and tomodensitometry if necessary. Frequently, as is the case with other abdominal, injuries, surgery may be avoided if the patient's condition is carefully followed.

Child↗
PubMed1987

[Comparison of the efficacy of cefotaxime alone and the combination cefazolin-tobramycin in the treatment of enterobacterial septicemia].

In a prospective, randomized study we compared cefotaxime (C) with tobramycin plus cefazolin (C + T) in the treatment of Enterobacterial septicemia. Twenty-five patients received C and twenty two C + T. There are 8 treatment failures, in C + T group, 3 in C group. We observed 5 adverse effects, 2 in the C group (1 reversible collapse and 1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa superinfection) and 3 in the C + T group (acute renal failures). We conclude that C may be more effective and less toxic than cefazolin plus tobramycin for patients with Enterobacterial septicemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

The role of prospective epidemiology in the establishment of a toxicology service for a developing community.

During the 12-month period May 1981-April 1982 277 Black patients with acute poisoning were admitted to Ga-Rankuwa Hospital, Pretoria. The majority of the patients (71%) were children, males predominated (55%), and only 4% were deliberate self-poisonings. Paraffin was the agent responsible in 50% of the cases, traditional medicines in 18% and pesticides in 11%. Drugs were responsible for less than 10% of the poisonings. Fifteen patients died, 13 of them as a result of poisoning with traditional medicines. Traditional toxicology services (as found in developed countries), primarily geared towards the management of cases of drug poisoning, currently seen inappropriate to the needs of developing communities.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Bronchodilator potential of nifedipine in vitro.

To assess the potential impact of nifedipine in asthma the effects on histamine- and metacholine-induced contractions in guinea-pig tracheal muscle were studied. Nifedipine is a physiological antagonist of these substances, but also appears to antagonize isoprenaline-induced relaxation. Further studies will be necessary to define the precise implications of these observations.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A specific cardiac glycoside for cardiac failure and another for atrial fibrillation?

Ouabain produces a greater degree of prolongation of the P-R interval than digitoxin in rats when dosages which produce similar inotropic responses are used. When digitoxin is administered after pretreatment with propranolol, it produces prolongation of the P-R interval comparable to that produced by ouabain. Indications in the literature that these findings may apply to human beings suggest that in some situations atrial fibrillation may be better controlled with a hydrophilic digitalis preparation (e.g. ouabain), whereas cardiac failure with a tendency to atrioventricular block may be better controlled with a lipophilic preparation (e.g. digitoxin).

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Serum and salivary digoxin concentrations in children.

Serum and salivary digoxin concentrations were measured in 53 children and correlated with ECG variables and serum potassium, calcium and magnesium concentrations. In 73% of patients cardiac failure was controlled, while only 7,5% of patients had serum digoxin concentrations within the 'therapeutic range'. It is proposed that the adult therapeutic range of 1-2 ng/ml is not applicable to children, who can be controlled at lower concentrations and/or that a significant proportion of the children studied no longer required maintenance digoxin therapy.

Adolescent↗