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Biomedical subjects

P Jenkins

Publications and source records attributed to P Jenkins.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Tolerance breaking by lymphocyte activating factor induced by Escherichia coli O138 lipopolysaccharide from homologous macrophages.

Following an antigenic dose of 10 microgram or a tolerogenic dose of 200 microgram of Escherichia coli O138 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), BALB/c mice were examined on day 14 for percentages of theta-bearing cells. A considerable increase in T cells was noticed in lymphocytes from tolerant draining lymph nodes, and furthermore these cells did not possess receptors for LPS when tested for rosette inhibition. However, when the supernatant from 1 X 10(7) macrophages, pretreated with 150 microgram LPS, was given to tolerant mice on day 7, by day 14 tolerance was found to be broken, anti-LPS IgG was present in circulation and the draining lymph node contained T cells specifically committed to LPS. The change from suppressor to helper T cell activity is discussed in relation to enhancement of the immune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The effect of Freund's complete adjuvant on the cellular immune response in mice to a porcine strain of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide.

The effect of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), known to enhance and prolong both cellular and humoral responses to thymus dependent (TD) antigens, was studied with regard to the cellular response in BALB/c mice to the thymus independent lipopoly-saccharide antigen of Escherichia coli O138, a porcine pathogen. Techniques based on immunocytoadherence (ICA), inhibition of ICA with an antiserum to the brain-associated theta alloantigen, immune adherence and macrophage migration inhibition, were used in this study. Apart from enhancing the rosette forming cell response, it is suggested that FCA appears to promote the action of the lipopolysaccharide on assembled macrophages with subsequent release of humoral factors which, in turn, activate T cells with consequent cell-mediated response.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Immediate metabolic response to a low dose of insulin in children presenting with diabetes.

Seventeen new cases of diabetes in childhood were given an initial mean dose of insulin of 0-29 unit/kg body weight by intramuscular injection (mean age of patient 7-4 years). This resulted in a fall in blood glucose over the first 2 hours at a mean rate of 88 mg/100 ml per hour. Over the same time the mean total blood ketones fell from 3-23 to 2-3 mmol; and plasma insulin levels rose from a mean of 6 muU/ml to a mean of 65 muU/ml. Thus, with this small initial dose of insulin the 2-hour plasma insulin values were within the range which in adults has been associated with a maximum fall in blood glucose concentration. Three children with established diabetes presenting with ketoacidosis were also treated with a small initial dose of intramuscular insulin, 0-1 unit/kg in 2 of the patients and 0-5 unit/kg in the third. In 2 during a period of rehydration before insulin was given, blood glucose fell at a rate of 100 mg/100 ml per hour. Over the 2 hours after the initial dose of insulin the mean rate of fall of blood glucose for all 3 patients was 73 mg/100 ml per hour. None of these children developed hypoglycaemia nor hypokalaemia during treatment. We conclude that an initial intramuscular injection of soluble insulin in the dose range of 0-1-0-5 units/kg body weight may be more appropriate and possibly safer for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in children than the currently recommended larger doses divided between intravenous and intramuscular routes. Adequate rehydration must, however, remain the first priority in the management of such cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1970

Roderick Macdonald.

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History of Medicine↗
PubMed1966

Micro methods and micro apparatus for chemical pathology with special reference to paediatrics.

This article describes methods and apparatus which permit the estimation of a particular substance without requiring more blood than can conveniently and safely be removed from a child by capillary puncture. No reference will be made to the use of methods on the Technicon Auto-Analyzer as that machine is not yet generally geared to paediatric work, although a few centres have made their own modifications to permit certain methods to be performed on capillary samples of blood.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychiatric disorder and outcome in irritable bowel syndrome.

A link between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and psychiatric illness is well recognized. The authors set out to establish whether a group with a risk of poor outcome IBS could be identified at presentation to a general hospital clinic in a prospective series of 70 subjects. Potential risk factors showed no correlation with IBS outcome at 6-9 months. There was a high rate of persistent mental illness. Clinicians offering specialist care for IBS should consult with psychiatric services to provide assessment irrespective of IBS outcome if major psychopathology is not to be neglected.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An exercise in critical thinking using role playing.

Attitudes, knowledge, and skills of critical thinking are developed in a role-playing simulation. Using diabetes mellitus, students solve lifelike problems within the role-playing experience, develop sensitivity and awareness of another's life experience with illness, and generate empathy toward persons with diabetes. Critical thinking is demonstrated in student's double-entry journals.

Diabetes Mellitus↗