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Biomedical subjects

P J Huber

Publications and source records attributed to P J Huber.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Management of rectal trauma.

A 9 year review of rectal trauma was conducted. Forty-seven patients had major rectal trauma requiring diversion. Twenty-seven percent of patients presented in shock. Routine perioperative antibiotics were administered. Ninety-five percent of patients had positive findings on digital rectal examination or proctoscopy. There were 91 associated injuries. Rectal injuries were repaired in 19 patients. The absence of repair had no influence on postoperative morbidity or length of hospital stay. Ninety-five percent of patients had presacral drainage. One patient had distal rectal irrigation. Both loop and divided colostomies were utilized with no difference in morbidity or hospital stay. There were no deaths. Proctoscopy is essential in patients with wounds in proximity to the rectum. Diversion and presacral drainage for rectal injury is associated with a low mortality and acceptable morbidity. Rectal washout does not appear to be essential in civilian rectal injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Infrarenal aortic occlusion, colonic blood flow, and the effect of nitroglycerin afterload reduction.

Colonic ischemia has been reported to occur in 1% to 13% of all cases of aortic reconstruction. To examine intestinal blood flow in aortic occlusion, three groups of dogs were subjected to measurement of hemodynamic parameters and mesenteric blood flow. Group I served as a control group, while group II underwent balloon catheter occlusion of the infrarenal aorta. Group III received intravenous nitroglycerin infusion during and after aortic occlusion. There was no statistically significant change in intestinal blood flow in group I. Small bowel mucosal blood flow fell in group II. Small bowel serosal blood flow was preserved but total small bowel and small bowel mucosal values fell sharply in group III. Ascending and descending colonic blood flow was unaltered in group I but fell significantly in groups II and III. After restoration of normal aortic circulation, small bowel mucosal flow remained significantly below baseline in groups II and III. Ascending and descending colonic blood flow also remained depressed in groups II and III. Both mucosal and serosal blood flow fell and serosal values remained constant in group III. Both groups exhibited decreased total, mucosal, and serosal blood flow in the descending colon after release of the aortic occlusion. These data show that temporary infrarenal aortic occlusion causes significant changes in intestinal blood flow. The mechanism is due to persistent autoregulatory vasoconstriction. Nitroglycerin used for afterload reduction in aortic reconstruction does not ameliorate decreases in intestinal blood flow and may actually shunt blood away from the distal colon and the distal intestinal mucosa during aortic occlusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Analysis of the adolescent growth spurt using smoothing spline functions.

Height growth velocity curves between 4.5 and 17.75 years were estimated, using smoothing spline functions, for 112 boys and 110 girls from the Zurich Longitudinal Study (1955--1976). Parameters characterizing the growth process, such as peak height velocity and age at peak height velocity, were calculated directly from the estimated curves. The variability of parameters describing the adolescent growth spurt is large, both between and within sexes. Peak height, defined as increase of height velocity during the growth spurt, and age at peak height velocity both characterize the sex difference in growth in a highly significant manner. Peak height of at least 4 cm/year is found in 70% of the boys, but in only 11% of the girls. The age at peak height velocity averages 12.2 years in girls and 13.9 years in boys and has a wide range of 5.7 years and 3.8 years respectively. The sex difference in adult height of 12.6 cm is composed of the following 4 factors: +1.6 cm caused by more prepubertal growth in boys, +6.4 cm by the boys' delay in spurt, +6.0 cm by the more extensive spurt in boys and -1.4 cm by more post-spurt growth in girls. Correlations between parameters indicate that the adult height depends neither on the duration of growth, nor on the duration and height of the peak. Minimal pre-spurt height velocity and peak height velocity, but not peak height, are age- and height-dependent. Partial correlations given adult height reveal two compensating mechanisms between growth in the prepubertal and in the pubertal period. Small prepubertal height and low height velocity with respect to adult height are followed by a late adolescent spurt and vice versa. Small height at the onset of the spurt with respect to adult height is followed by a longer lasting, but not higher spurt and vice versa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1973

Interbacterial transfer of R factor in humans.

In vivo interbacterial transfer of R factor was observed in two patients. Resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, and chloramphenicol was transferred from Escherichia coli in the intestine of a patient with shigellosis to a Shigella sonnei strain. In a second patient with partial ureteral obstruction, a resistant E. coli strain transferred ampicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin resistance to a Proteus mirabilis strain.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Shape-invariant modelling of human growth.

A new approach to modelling human height growth is presented which is also suitable for other variables. In a mathematical algorithm, some guess about the functional form of this growth process is improved consistently using the data; the resulting shape-invariant model (SIM) allows an approximately bias-free fitting for longitudinal data from 1 to 20 years with six parameters assigned to each individual. The SIM approach and the use of velocities rather than distances proved to be suitable for biomathematical modelling in order to answer questions qualitative in nature. In comparison of an additive two-component SIM and one where the appearance of puberty inhibits further growth of the non-pubertal component ('switch-off model'), the latter proved to be superior in various aspects. Among the qualitative features found are notable: a pronounced midspurt, and a dip before the onset of puberty, as well as the asymmetry of the pubertal peak. A preliminary analysis of individual parameters confirmed some results found previously by other methods regarding sex differences and relations between parameters and with adult height.

Adolescent↗