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Biomedical subjects

P J Graham

Publications and source records attributed to P J Graham.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Coping with parental quarrels.

Children's reactions to parental quarrels were investigated in a general population sample of children between 9 and 12 years old. One hundred and thirty-nine families participated in the study. Approximately half the children were living in disharmonious families and half were in harmonious families. Mothers and children were interviewed with semistructured interviews to determine how children responded to specific episodes of parental quarrelling. Seventy-one percent of children reported intervening in parental quarrels. A range of other coping strategies was identified: seeking contact with a sibling, confiding in friends, offering comfort to parents after a quarrel, self-blame, seeking information about quarrels, and perceiving beneficial aspects to parental quarrelling. The hypothesis was examined that certain coping strategies would be associated with lower levels of children's behavioral and emotional problems. Only a weak relationship was found between children's intervention in parental quarrels and emotional and behavioral problems. No other coping strategies were found to predict children's disturbance.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1988

The wait of the world.

In our modern world, avoidable blindness is as unacceptable as starvation. Frameworks exist for both preventative and curative ophthalmology, but these are under-staffed. In developing countries, the emphasis must shift to the people themselves to take responsibility for their own eye health, an aim which may be achieved by simple teaching at grassroots level.

Australia↗
PubMed1985

Controlled trial of oligoantigenic treatment in the hyperkinetic syndrome.

76 selected overactive children were treated with an oligoantigenic diet, 62 improved, and a normal range of behaviour was achieved in 21 of these. Other symptoms, such as headaches, abdominal pain, and fits, also often improved. 28 of the children who improved completed a double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial in which foods thought to provoke symptoms were reintroduced. Symptoms returned or were exacerbated much more often when patients were on active material than on placebo. 48 foods were incriminated. Artificial colorants and preservatives were the commonest provoking substances, but no child was sensitive to these alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

An operation for entropion and trichiasis. A composite of methods for lid margin rotation.

An operation for entropion/trichiasis is presented which is applicable to both upper and lower lids, and for grades of distortion from mild to severe. It is suitable for gross trachomatous lid disease in Aboriginal patients, and also for the discomfort of chronic cicatricial trichiasis in aged Caucasians. No new procedure is proposed. The method combines features of several well tried operations to free the inturned lid margin and resuture it in proper apposition.

Australia↗
PubMed1979

Behavioural deviance in children with early treated phenylketonuria.

A sample of 99 early treated phenylketonuric children showed higher levels of behavioural deviance than 197 matched controls. For boys this excess of behavioural deviance persisted when IQ was taken into account. For phenylketonuric girls however it was restricted to those with IQs less than 70. The type of behavioural deviance shown by the boys over the whole IQ range was predominantly neurotic. The levels of behavioural deviance found in phenylketonuric children were among the highest that have been reported for children with various handicapping conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Low temperature induces decreased germinability of Cylindrocladium microsclerotia.

Numbers of germinable Cylindrocladium crotalariae microsclerotia (assayed at 26 degrees C) decreased progressively over 4 weeks when naturally infested soils were incubated at 6 degrees C. Lower numbers of germinable microsclerotia were obtained from a soil incubated at--3 than at 5 degrees C, while no germinable microsclerotia were found for soils incubated at--10 degrees C. Significantly, when soils incubated at--10 or at 6 degrees C for 4 weeks were transferred to 26 degrees C for 4 weeks, the low-temperature effect was partially reversed. Incubation of naturally infested soils under field conditions from October to February indicated that a similar low-temperature induced phenomenon exists in nature. Germinability of axenic laboratory-grown microsclerotia of C. crotalariae, C. floridanum, and C. scoparium incubated 4 weeks at 6 degrees C ranged from 0 to 91% (mean = 38%) of the initial germinability. Partial recovery of laboratory-grown microsclerotia from the low-temperature effect, by incubation at 26 degrees C, was demonstrated. Conductivity measurements of solutions bathing microsclerotia incubated at 6 degrees C were higher than those incubated at 26 degrees C for 4 weeks and indicated that chilling injury may account, in part, for decreased germinability of microsclerotia.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed1975

Childhood organic neurological disease presenting as psychiatric disorder.

Over a period of one year 12 children with complaints which had been diagnosed as due to a psychiatric disorder presented to a paediatric neurological unit where neurological disease was diagnosed. The group was characterized by behavioural symptoms such as deteriorating school performance, visual loss, and postural disturbance, which are unusual in children attending child psychiatric departments. It is suggested that where there is diagnostic uncertainty the presence of these physical symptoms calls for periodic neurological reassessment, and attention is drawn to the rare but serious disorders which may thus be diagnosed. Making an organic diagnosis, however, should not preclude psychosocial management of emotional reactions in these families.

Adolescent↗