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P Hunter

Publications and source records attributed to P Hunter.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1974

Mode of action of a supernatant activity from T-cell cultures that nonspecifically stimulates the humoral immune response.

The mode of action of "allogeneic supernatant" (the culture supernatant of a 24-hr mixedlymphocyte reaction), has been studied. This factor stimulates the response of spleen cell cultures depleted in thymus-derived lymphoid cells (T-cells) to antigens that elicit a thymus-dependent response. We used a limiting dilution analysis, in which the frequency and size of response of individual bone-marrow-derived lymphoid cells (B-cells) could be measured. In confirmation of other reports, the occurrence of B-cells responding to antigen under different conditions was shown to follow a Poisson distribution in mouse spleen cell suspensions. Allogeneic supernatant increased responses to thymus-dependent antigens, both by increasing the frequency of B-cells whose response is initiated and by increasing the numbers of antibody-forming cells obtained from each responding B-cell. Two fractions were obtained by dialysis of the supernatant. The nondialyzable fraction contained factors able to increase both the frequency of B-cells responding to sheep erythrocytes, and the size of the responding unit. The dialysate contained factors that were only able to increase the numbers of antibody-forming cells obtained per responding B-cell from B-cells whose response had already been initiated by antigen-specific T-cells. Since the nondialyzable factors were active in the absence of detectable functional T-cells, it was concluded that these factors, produced by T-cells, might represent one mechanism whereby T-cells cooperate with B-cells in the initiation or development of a humoral immune response.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vaccination as a means of control of foot-and-mouth disease in sub-saharan Africa.

The presence of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in a country is a major obstacle to the development of agriculture because of its adverse effects on livestock production and agricultural exports. The eradication of FMD in sub-saharan Africa by the implementation of slaughtering-out is impractical for various reasons, but vaccination with good quality FMD vaccines can help prevent losses in stock production and reduce the overall incidence of the disease. Oil based FMD vaccines have been used with success in South American countries and have logistic and immunological advantages which would make them useful in sub-saharan African countries. The wide intratypic variation of SAT strains prevalent in sub-saharan Africa and their endemicity in African buffalo, presents a challenge to vaccine producers and requires constant epidemiological surveillance to ensure the relevance of vaccines to field conditions.

Africa South of the Sahara↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Noise study.

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Humans↗