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Biomedical subjects

P Hunter

Publications and source records attributed to P Hunter.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Nurse teacher stress in Northern Ireland.

Occupational stress among a 60% sample of all nurse tutors in Northern Ireland was investigated by means of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Maslach Burnout Inventory and a stress questionnaire. Seventy per cent of tutors judged themselves to be worse or much worse than usual on 45% of GHQ items. Significant levels of moderate and high burnout were discovered on the sub-scales of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, with an almost unanimous (95%) report of high burnout arising out of feelings of lack of personal accomplishment. Male nurse tutors reported more frequent and more intense signs of burnout than their female counterparts at a statistically significant level of difference in emotional exhaustion (P = 0.028 and P = 0.003 respectively) and in depersonalization (P < 0.003 and P = 0.007 respectively). The work stressor most commonly identified by tutors (72%) was that of experiencing too little time to perform their duties to their satisfaction. The most common request for help to alleviate workplace stress (61%) was for more support and appreciation from their seniors.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Phaeochromocytomas as a cause of hypotension.

A patient presented with apparent septicaemic shock. Full invasive cardiovascular monitoring revealed systemic hypotension, high normal cardiac output, and a low systemic vascular resistance. Maintenance of systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure was shown to be highly dependent on noradrenaline. Subsequent investigation revealed the presence of a phaeochromocytoma producing adrenaline. The mechanisms by which phaeochromocytomas may produce hypotension are discussed.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Failure of an Actinomyces pyogenes vaccine to protect sheep against an intravenous challenge.

The immunity conferred by an A. pyogenes bacterin-toxoid was evaluated in sheep, using an intravenous challenge system. Three sheep were vaccinated and 3 served as controls. The vaccinated sheep were not protected against pyogenic conditions. High antitoxin levels were induced by vaccination but could not be associated with protection against infection. Antibacterial antibody levels elicited with initial vaccination dropped progressively with the 2nd and 3rd vaccinations. Nevertheless, these antibodies did not seem to be necessary for protection against A. pyogenes conditions.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1989

Coital urinary incontinence in an Australian population.

A total of 1,012 patients referred to 4 urodynamic centres were questioned, and subsequently investigated. Coital incontinence was present in 192 of the 839 (23%), who were sexually active. Ninety-five patients (49%) had the urodynamic diagnosis of genuine stress incontinence, alone or in association with cystocoele or interstitial cystitis. Fifty-one (26.6%) had urodynamically proven detrusor instability with or without interstitial cystitis. Forty-five (23.4%) had dual pathology as the final urodynamic diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Colposuspension for the treatment of female urinary incontinence.

Between June 1, 1983 and June 30, 1988, 174 patients with stress incontinence were treated with a colposuspension operation; 144 patients were cured, 30 remained wet. Sixteen patients who remained wet had detrusor instability; 9 of these were cured by anticholinergic medications. Of 25 patients who had dual pathology 19 were cured. Seventy nine patients had urinary tract infections. Two patients had ureteric obstruction due to kinking; it is postulated that this can be an infrequent and sometimes unavoidable complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Experience with silastic slings for female urinary incontinence.

Between September 1, 1985 and December 31, 1987, 54 patients with stress urinary incontinence were treated with a reinforced silastic sling using an abdominovaginal approach; 42 patients were cured, two improved and nine were the same or worse. Five patients who are continent required periodic intermittent self-catheterization. Eight patients developed detrusor instability postoperatively. One patient had to have the sling removed due to a persistent sinus. Fifteen patients had to have the sling adjusted.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The possible involvement of immunosuppression caused by a lentivirus in the aetiology of jaagsiekte and pasteurellosis in sheep.

A South African isolate of ovine lentivirus was shown to cause a mild immunosuppression in sheep, reflected by a reduced delayed hypersensitivity reaction. This effect, measured in terms of skin swelling after intradermal inoculation with tuberculin, showed a positive linear relationship with the latency period before the appearance of jaagsiekte symptoms in animals co-infected with JSRV, as well as with the activity of monocytes. In a parallel study, increased susceptibility of lentivirus-infected sheep to infection with Pasteurella haemolytica was demonstrated. It is concluded that the lentivirus may play an enhancing role in both viral and bacterial infections of sheep by compromising the host's cellular immune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Serological reactions to Leptospira species in game animals of northern Natal.

Fifty sera collected from 12 different species of free-living game animals in game parks in the Northern Natal were tested against 8 Leptospira interrogans antigens using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Six out of 50 animals had titres, all less than 100. Three of these animals had titres to serovar mini, 1 animal to tarrasovi, and 3 animals had multi-serovar reactions, 1 to mini and hardjo, and 1 to tarrasovi, copenhageni and pomona.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1987

Transurethral ultrasonic ureterolithotripsy using a solid-wire probe.

A multicenter study evaluates a new technique for transurethral ultrasonic ureterolithotripsy utilizing a solid-wire probe. The transverse vibrations of the probe cause greater stone disintegration. A small ureteroscope is used and a basket is not required. There was a 96.6 per cent success rate in 118 cases. This technique has significantly improved ultrasonic lithotripsy. It has proved to be useful for upper ureteral stones not amenable to extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy and lower ureteral stones including "steinstrasse."

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1986

A comparison of the new topical antibiotic mupirocin ('Bactroban') with oral antibiotics in the treatment of skin infections in general practice.

A trial was carried out in general practice in 200 patients presenting with skin infections to compare topical antibiotic treatment with mupirocin ointment with orally administered flucloxacillin or erythromycin. Patients were assigned at random to receive 4 to 10 days' treatment with either mupirocin applied 3-times daily or one of the oral antibiotics in the dosage normally used by the general practitioner for skin infections. The majority of infections were impetigo and infected wounds/lacerations; the main organisms isolated initially from 127 of the patients were either Staphylococcus aureus or beta-haemolytic Group A streptococci. Clinical response to mupirocin ointment (86% cured, 13% improved) was significantly better than that seen with erythromycin (47% cured, 26% improved) and similar to that with flucloxacillin (76% cured, 23% improved). Treatment outcome was not related to treatment duration with either the topical or oral preparations. Post-treatment samples from 76 patients showed that in the mupirocin group all the pathogens originally isolated were eliminated, including Gram-negative organisms.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1986

The immune system of the neonatal and weaner piglet: a review.

The article reviews aspects of the immune system of the piglet from birth to weaning which may have practical application for the veterinarian. Subjects discussed are colostral immunity, the ability of the piglet to mount an immune response, the effect of weaning on the immune system, factors involved in the cause of post-weaning scours and its control.

Animals↗