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Biomedical subjects

P Hu

Publications and source records attributed to P Hu.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Beta-mannosidase deficiency: heterogeneous manifestation in the first female patient and her brother.

beta-Mannosidase deficiency was demonstrated in fibroblasts of a girl who showed severe psychomotor retardation, bone deformities and gargoylism and recurrent skin and respiratory infections and who died at 20 years of age from bronchopneumonia. This first demonstration of a female patient confirms the autosomal recessive inheritance of beta-mannosidosis. Further investigation of this gypsy family revealed beta-mannosidosis in an older brother with a milder manifestation of gargoyl facial dysmorphology, mental retardation, hearing impairment and recurrent infections. beta-Mannosidase activity was completely deficient in his cultured skin fibroblasts, leukocytes and plasma. In urine a characteristic disaccharide was present. Heterozygote levels of beta-mannosidase were found in fibroblasts and/or plasma of the parents and one sister.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Studies on the mechanism of benzene toxicity.

Using the 59Fe uptake method of Lee et al. it was shown that erythropoiesis in female mice was inhibited following IP administration of benzene, hydroquinone, p-benzoquinone, and muconaldehyde. Toluene protected against the effects of benzene. Coadministration of phenol plus either hydroquinone or catechol resulted in greatly increased toxicity. The combination of metabolites most effective in reducing iron uptake was hydroquinone plus muconaldehyde. We have also shown that treating animals with benzene leads to the formation of adducts of bone marrow DNA as measured by the 32P-postlabeling technique.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1986

Efficacy of gastric emptying: gastric lavage versus emesis induced with ipecac.

A prospective study was done to compare the efficacy of gastric emptying achieved by gastric lavage (GL) with that of ipecac-induced emesis (IE) in victims of drug overdose. Thiamine was used as a marker of recovery in gastric samples, as measured by ion exchange/ion pair high-performance liquid chromatography. There were 51 patients in the IE group and 37 in the GL group. GL produced a higher mean per cent recovery of thiamine than did IE (90% +/- 34% compared with 50% +/- 35%). There was a significant difference between the two groups (P less than .001). Recovery of thiamine was more than 70% in 28% of the IE patients, and exceeded 70% in 75% of GL patients. When gastric emptying is desired for management of the adult overdose victim, the use of GL maximizes the chance of recovering unabsorbed liquid drugs from the stomach.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of novel glutathione conjugates of disulfiram and diethyldithiocarbamate in rat bile by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Evidence for metabolic activation of disulfiram in vivo.

Recent studies have shown that the inhibitory effects of disulfiram and diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) (to which disulfiram is rapidly reduced in vivo) on the liver mitochondrial low-Km form of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) may be mediated by a reactive metabolite(s) of these compounds. In order to investigate the nature of such electrophilic intermediates in vivo, the present study was carried out with the goal of detecting and identifying their respective glutathione (GSH) conjugates in the bile of rats dosed ip with either disulfiram (75 mg kg-1) or sodium DDTC (114 mg kg-1). By means of highly selective screening strategies based on coupled liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry techniques, one major and four minor GSH adducts were identified as common biliary metabolites of disulfiram and DDTC. The major conjugate, whose excretion into bile over 4 h accounted for ca. 1% of the dose of either precursor, was identified as S-(N,N-diethylcarbamoyl)glutathione (SDEG). In vitro experiments with synthetic SDEG demonstrated that this carbamate thioester derivative is chemically stable in aqueous media under physiological conditions and does not carbamoylate nucleophiles such as cysteine. Consistent with these findings, SDEG failed to inhibit yeast ALDH in vitro. The minor GSH conjugates in bile were identified as S-(N,N-diethylthiocarbamoyl)glutathione, S-(N-ethyl-carbamoyl)glutathione, S-(N-ethylthiocarbamoyl)glutathione, and S-[N-(carboxymethyl)-N- ethylcarbamoyl]glutathione, the structures of which indicate that metabolic oxidation takes place at the thiono sulfur group and at each of the carbon atoms of disulfiram and DDTC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase↗