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Biomedical subjects

P Hotz

Publications and source records attributed to P Hotz.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Hydrocarbon exposure, pancreatitis, and bile acids.

The data on hydrocarbon induced pancreatitis are conflicting. This question was therefore studied in a non-selected population exposed to hydrocarbons and in "formerly" exposed workers. Neither the past clinical history nor the pancreatic tests provided any evidence for a causal relation between exposure and pancreatitis. No signs of hydrocarbon induced liver damage were seen either. As a healthy worker effect cannot be totally excluded, however, a case-control study in a group of patients suffering from non-alcohol induced pancreatitis could give useful indications for finally excluding the possibility of pancreatitis being induced by hydrocarbons.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1989

[Physical examination preceding entry into apprenticeship: preventive measure or administrative burden?].

The new Swiss federal legislation on vocational and trade training requires that all cantons organize a system of medical screening for young people entering an apprenticeship. This paper focuses on the principles and implementation of such an examination. It outlines the most frequent health problems young people may face upon leaving school and entering apprenticeship. It underlines the difficulties of this kind of examination, since absolute contra-indications to distinct professions are very rare. Indeed, the medical examination should not be a selection procedure but much more an occasion to facilitate the transition from school to workplace. With this objective, the canton of Vaud health authority has created an examination sheet that will be supplied each year to the physicians (private pediatricians, general practitioners and internists) examining about 5000 candidates. This instrument introduces a uniform history taking procedure oriented towards occupational medicine and focuses on a few important screening items. No laboratory tests are mandatory. The process does not use a contra-indication list, which most of the time appears fallacious. It insists on the importance of an assessment of each individual situation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Relation between renal function tests and a retrospective organic solvent exposure score.

In case-control studies on glomerulonephritis and organic solvents several authors have assessed exposure to organic solvents with a score based on the self reported occupational history. The underlying principle is that all exposures can be weighted by an intensity factor and then added to get one number representative of lifetime exposure. As this score has hitherto not been validated the relation between this exposure score and kidney function tests in a population of workers with past or present exposure to organic solvents was examined. The results suggest that such relations do exist for the N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity, erythrocyturia, and, perhaps, albuminuria but not for the protein creatinine ratio or for leucocyturia.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1989

Glycosaminoglycans and urine flow rate.

The value of glycosaminoglycans determination in urine has been challenged because the relation between the glycosaminoglycans concentration and other signs of kidney damage is a matter of controversy. It is quite possible that the observed discrepancies could be due to the influence of the urine flow rate, the urine concentration and the time of day on the glycosaminoglycans concentration. Therefore, standardization of the urine sampling time and selection of the most appropriate unit to quantify glycosaminoglycans excretion seem to be essential.

Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed1989

[Hydrocarbons and non-neoplastic kidney diseases].

Substituted and nonsubstituted hydrocarbons are suspected of causing nonneoplastic kidney diseases. Although the problem was already known about 100 years ago, epidemiological studies have only been conducted since 1975. This paper attempts to give an overview on the present situation, first of all on the cross-sectional and case-control studies. Practical recommendations for the prevention of such damage are done, but should be considered as preliminary until our knowledge has been completed by better designed epidemiological studies.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1988

A new method for finishing minicavities.

Minicavities were prepared in 26 caries-free teeth. Cavity preparation and the finishing of the occlusal area and the gingival floor was done with diamond burs (diameter 1 mm, grain sizes 90 micron and 15 micron, respectively). For the finishing of the axial box margin and the proximo-cervical curved border, a new set was developed: It is composed of an EVA-system with the total amplitude reduced to 0.34 mm, and a highly flexible file (Cavishape, grain 15 micron). The shape of this file had to be modified in order to follow the proximo-cervical curvature. The efficiency of the new device was compared with the axial margin trimmer by means of scanning electron microscopy and a score system. The new device allowed a significantly better finishing of the proximo-cervical curvature and of the axial box margin.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1987

Development of a method to monitor low molecular mass hydrocarbons in exhaled breath of man: preliminary evaluation of its interest for detecting a lipoperoxidation process in vivo.

Low molecular mass hydrocarbons, particularly ethane and pentane, have been measured in expired air of man. The air is collected into 5-10 l polyamide bags. After removal of water vapour and CO2, the hydrocarbons are concentrated on a silicagel column kept at 0 degree C. The column desorption is carried out at 290 degrees C, and the gases are analysed by gas chromatography. A slight but statistically significant increased pentane production was detected in cirrhotic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Lipid peroxidation in human pathology: evaluation of data in literature].

Several methods have been proposed for detecting the oxidation and breakdown of polyunsaturated fatty acids (lipoperoxidation process) in humans. The lipoperoxidation products which hitherto have been measured in sufficiently large groups of subjects are lipid conjugated dienes, malonic dialdehyde and fluorescent byproducts in biological fluids and low molecular weight aliphatic hydrocarbons in expired air. None of these methods can yet be considered as the method of choice. Various analytical pitfalls and several epidemiological and statistical biases cast doubt about the conclusions of the majority of the studies carried out so far in humans. Provided further studies are undertaken to determine the factors which influence the metabolism of low molecular weight hydrocarbons in man, expired air analysis might constitute a practical and promising in vivo approach for detecting an increased lipoperoxidation process.

Fatty Acids, Unsaturated↗