Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Hole

Publications and source records attributed to P Hole.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Continuous subcutaneous morphine--treatment of pain in patients with terminal cancer].

Nine patients with terminal cancer were treated for pain with continuous subcutaneous injection of morphine via a portable battery-driven injection pump. Treatment was instituted on account of failure of other forms of treatment with oral or epidural morphine derivatives or on account of severe nausea and vomiting which necessitated parenteral administration. Treatment proved reasonably effective and no side effects of significance occurred. Two of the patients could be treated in their homes. The method is thus considered as suitable for treatment of pain in patients with terminal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A comparison of glucose-free 2% lidocaine and hyperbaric 5% lidocaine for spinal anaesthesia.

Fifty patients scheduled to undergo transurethral surgery of the bladder were allocated to receive spinal anaesthesia with either glucose-free 2% lidocaine (80 mg) or hyperbaric 5% lidocaine (80 mg). Onset time, cephalad spread of analgesia, duration of analgesia, duration and intensity of motor block, quality of analgesia, and the patients' ability to walk 5 m and to micturate postoperatively were assessed. Onset and spread of analgesia were fast and comparable in the two groups. At 60 min, the median segmental level of analgesia was T9 and T10 for the 2% and the 5% group, respectively, allowing transurethral surgery to be performed for at least 1 h. In the 2% group the motor block was more pronounced and longer lasting than in the 5% group. Two patients in the 5% group needed general anaesthesia because of pain. The time from injection of the spinal anaesthetic until the patients were able to walk 5 m and to micturate was equal in the two groups, and 89% of all the patients were able to walk and micturate within 4 h. It is concluded that spinal anaesthesia with 80 mg and 2% or 5% lidocaine provides analgesia for transurethral surgery and is characterized by fast recovery of motor and detrusor function.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1989

[Pre-hospital care].

Organisatory and therapeutic characteristics for selected pre-hospital medical treatment systems are described. It is emphasized that all of the links in the therapeutic chain must function optimally to achieve effective treatment of acute disease and injuries. The importance of rapid decision-making by highly qualified medical staff is emphasized. On the basis of experience from Denmark and from abroad, a model for up-to-date pre-hospital treatment in Denmark is outlined.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1989

[Local reactions following intravenous injection of Valium mixed micelles and Diazemuls].

The frequency of local venous reactions after intravenous injection of Diazemuls and Valium Mixed Micelles was studied. A material of 224 patients undergoing surgery for prolapsed lumbar disc was allocated into two groups, receiving either 10 mg of Diazemuls or Valium Mixed Micelles. The incidences of thrombophlebitis in the two groups were 1 and 2%, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Spinal anaesthesia with glucose-free 2% lignocaine. Effect of different volumes.

Spinal anaesthesia with 2, 3 or 4 ml of glucose-free 2% lignocaine was studied in 64 patients undergoing transurethral surgery of the bladder. Cephalad spread of analgesia, onset time, duration of analgesia, duration of motor block, quality of analgesia, and the cardiovascular effects were assessed. Two ml of 2% lignocaine was insufficient to produce reliable analgesia. Three ml provided sufficient analgesia in most of the patients, but 4 ml was needed to guarantee sufficient analgesia in all patients. Onset times for analgesia and motor block were 10-20 min. After 4 ml the median and interquartile values were: maximum cephalad spread: T8, (T10-T5); time from injection to regression of analgesia to T11: 84 min, (60-103 min); duration of complete motor block: 90 min, (60-120 min). All patients in the 3-ml and 4-ml groups developed complete motor block. There was a positive correlation between the dose and the duration of analgesia and motor block. A positive correlation, although weaker, was also seen between the dose and the maximum cephalad spread of analgesia. There was an inverse relationship between the cephalad spread of analgesia and the duration of motor block. Falls in systolic blood pressure greater than 30% were noted in seven patients in whom the cephalad spread of analgesia was higher than in the rest of the patients. Spinal anaesthesia with glucose-free 2% lignocaine in doses of 3-4 ml provides reliable analgesia for transurethral surgery of the bladder.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The cardiovascular effects of vecuronium during halothane anaesthesia.

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective randomized trial in 70 otherwise healthy patients undergoing elective surgery of the thyroid gland, the breast, the inguinal canal or the lower limbs, we studied the cardiovascular effects of vecuronium during halothane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia. Vecuronium was found to have no clinically significant influence on heart rate or mean arterial pressure, before or during surgery. Bradycardia was a rare event under the special conditions of the study design.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Epidural morphine for outpatients with severe anginal pain.

Seven patients who had chronic coronary artery disease and had undergone coronary artery bypass surgery still suffered from anginal attacks several times daily despite optimal medical treatment. An epidural system of analgesia was implanted subcutaneously and treatment with epidural morphine started. The morphine was administered by the patients themselves or members of their family. During a median observation time of four months (range three to 11) all patients were free of pain while receiving this treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Suxamethonium apnoea in a 4-month-old twin.

A case of one infant of twins who developed suxamethonium apnoea is described. Investigation of the family revealed him to be homozygous for atypical cholinesterase while the other twin was normal. Tissue HLA and blood typing indicated the twins to be identical.

Apnea↗
PubMed1987

Neurologic deficit following spinal anesthesia.

A case report of prolonged sphincter paresis and muscle weakness of the legs following spinal anesthesia with tetracaine is presented. The case could be placed in one of the three groups of sequelae described by Kane. Tetracaine as responsible for the reaction is suggested.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

The effect of intranasally administered nitroglycerin on the blood pressure response to laryngoscopy and intubation in patients undergoing coronary artery by-pass surgery.

The effect of intranasally administered nitroglycerin (NTG) on the cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and intubation was studied. Thirty patients scheduled to undergo coronary artery by-pass surgery under thiopentone, enflurane and pancuronium anaesthesia were randomly divided into three groups. Group I received lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg i.v. prior to laryngoscopy and intubation (control group). Group II received lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg i.v. and in addition 2 mg nitroglycerin (NTG) was given intranasally. Group III received only 2 mg NTG intranasally. In Group I laryngoscopy and intubation caused a significant increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) (P less than 0.01), heart rate (HR) (P less than 0.01) and rate pressure product (RPP) (P less than 0.01) compared to preoxygenation values. In Group II and III MAP and RPP remained unchanged, whereas HR increased (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.01 respectively). It can be concluded that intranasally administered NTG effectively attenuates the pressor response to laryngoscopy and intubation in patients presenting for coronary artery by-pass surgery and that it is more effective and convenient method than intravenous lignocaine.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1984

Venous sequelae following the injection of etomidate or thiopentone i.v.

The frequency of local venous reactions after the injection i.v. of etomidate or thiopentone was studied in 61 patients undergoing surgery for prolapsed lumbar disc. Of the patients who received etomidate, 24% developed thrombophlebitis in the period after operation (up to 14 days). Of the patients who received thiopentone, 4% developed thrombophlebitis in the period after operation. Pain on injection occurred in 24% of the patients receiving etomidate, but there was no correlation between pain on injection and the subsequent thrombophlebitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Acid-base interactions with noradrenaline-induced contractile response of the rabbit isolated aorta.

The effect of acidosis and alkalosis on vascular smooth muscle contractions evoked by noradrenaline was studied. Helical strips of rabbit aorta were mounted for isometric tension recording. Acidosis (pH 7.24-6.51) was obtained by either increasing the PCO2 (hypercapnic) and/or lowering the HCO3-concentration (hypobicarbonatic). Acidosis shifted the noradrenaline concentration-response curve to the right in a competitive manner. The maximal developed tension was unchanged at pH 7.24-6.90 and decreased by 30% at pH 6.51. Alkalosis (pH 7.61-8.04) did not alter noradrenaline-evoked contractions. The results suggest that hydrogen ions during acidosis (pH less than 7.40) but not during alkalosis (pH greater than 7.40) exert alpha-adrenoceptor blocking properties.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1983

Complement activation in shock associated with a surgically provoked bacteriaemia.

The activation of complement (C) factors in a patient exhibiting an anaphylactoid shock 10 min after the initiation of transurethral coagulation of vesical papillomas was studied. Streptococcus faecalis was cultured from he urine before and after the shock and from the blood on two occasions within 2 days after the shock. The shock was associated with a marked but transient complement activation as judged from serial determinations of C3d and C3c by doubledecker rocket immuno electrophoresis and native C3 and C3c by crossed immuno electrophoresis. Conventional total C3 quantitation by rocket immuno electrophoresis did not reveal the activation. A decrease of native C4 to 20% of normal values and the appearance of C4 split products indicated classical pathway activation. Factor B conversion showed the alternative pathway to be involved as well. Total haemolytic complement activity was temporarily reduced, increasing without reaching normal values within 20 hours. The results indicated that the classical pathway was transiently activated, pointing to an acute antigen-antibody reaction, probably caused by the entrance of bacteria and bacterial products into the circulation of an immunized host.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1982

Overdosage of antidepressants: clinical and pharmacokinetic aspects.

Twenty-nine cases of self-poisoning with antidepressants (amitriptyline, imipramine, clomipramine, maprotiline, doxepine, nortriptyline, opipramol) were examined by frequent observation of CNS effects, heart rate, blood pressure and standard ECG, 24h-ECG-monitoring, measurement of systolic time intervals, EEG recordings and frequent measurement of serum levels of antidepressants and primary metabolites. None of the patients died. Maximum total serum antidepressant level (parent compound + desmethyl metabolite) ranged from 20 to 2200 micrograms/l, with concentrations above 500 micrograms/l in 11 cases. The serum amitriptyline concentration remained high for 3-4 days in some of the severely intoxicated patients and the decay curves were compatible with partly saturated elimination. A degree of unconsciousness and the occurrence of excitation and hallucinations were generally seen in cases with total serum antidepressant levels above 500 micrograms/l. Grand mal seizures occurred more frequently at high antidepressant levels, but could not be predicted from the EEG recordings. Increased heart rate and prolonged QRS- and QTc-intervals were significantly correlated with the total serum antidepressant level. 24 h-ECG-monitoring revealed no serious arrhythmias or instances of heart block. Hypotension was only seen initially in few patients. Systolic time interval measurements showed changes suggesting impaired myocardial performance (elevated PEP/LVET ratio) at intermediate (60-500 micrograms/l) but not high (greater than 500 micrograms/l) total serum antidepressant levels. Measurement of serum concentration in antidepressant intoxication is important for identification of patients with high serum levels and the corresponding risk of developing toxic reactions, and to exclude patients with a low concentration who do not require intensive observation.

Adult↗