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Biomedical subjects

P Henriksson

Publications and source records attributed to P Henriksson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Netilmicin in moderate to severe infections in newborns and infants: a study of efficacy, tolerance and pharmacokinetics.

49 newborns and infants were treated with netilmicin for verified or suspected infections. Infection was verified in 23 patients (mean gestational age 32 weeks and mean body weight 2100 g) and clinical cure or marked improvement occurred in 20 of these. Of the remaining 3 patients, 2 died, partly due to reasons unassociated with infection. 25 causative organisms were isolated and bacteriological elimination was achieved in 73% of the cases. At an average dose of 2.6 mg/kg twice a day, peak serum concentrations (30 min following injection) were 7.4 +/- 3.4 micrograms/ml. Serum half life was approximately 4.5 hours for infants born at term, and longer at shorter gestational age. Netilmicin is considered a safe and efficient aminoglycoside with a low rate of adverse effects.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1979

Fatal iron intoxication with multiple coagulation defects and degradation of factor VIII and factor XIII.

A severe iron intoxication in a 15-year-old girl resulted in profound damage to vital organs and multiple clotting defects, but no haemorrhagic diathesis. Investigation revealed not only impaired synthesis of coagulation factors but also abnormal proteolysis by plasmin as well as by other proteolytic enzymes liberated from leucocytes and damaged tissue cells affecting especially factor VIII and factor XIII.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hyperviscosity of the blood and haemostasis in the newborn infant.

15 newborn infants with the hyperviscosity syndrome due to polycythaemia i.e. a central haematocrit of at least 65% and a raised whole blood viscosity, were examined for changes in their coagulation and fibrinolytic systems. 5 were thrombocytopenic but showed no other signs of activated coagulation. Neither did the only patient with positive ethanol gelation test measuring circulating fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) appeared in only two and, with only one exception, an assay for fibrinolytic activity in plasma was negative. No defects were found in the coagulation system. Thus, in most of the patients there was no demonstrable abnormal proteolysis in the circulation. However, in such infants the normally low levels of antithrombin III (heparin cofactor activity) in combination with the impairment of the microcirculation might increase the risk of thrombotic complications. Haemodilution, preferably with plasma, is therefore advocated in the symptomatic patients.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1979

Umbilical artery catheterization in newborns. III. Thrombosis--a study of some predisposing factors.

Thrombosis following umbilical artery catheterization is a relatively frequent complication. Low fibrinolytic activity in the vessel walls, high factor VIII and low antithrombin III (AT III, Heparin cofactor activity) in blood are factors known to favour the formation of thrombosis. In 30 newborns who died and in 2 foetuses the fibrinolytic activity determined in the aorta and the femoral vessels was in the normal 'adult' range except for a few very immature infants and the foetuses. The five cases with arterial thrombosis were not associated with low fibrinolytic activity. The various factor VIII activities (VIII:C, VIIIR:Ag, and VIIIR:RCF) ant AT III were studied in 30 sick newborns and in 20 healthy newborns. The sick exhibited increased levels of various factor VIII activities (VIIIR:Ag and VIIIR:RCF mainly) and markedly reduced levels of AT III. The high factor VIII activities and the low AT III found will add to the existing risk of thrombosis due to the presence of a foreign material. AT III substitution is suggested as a possible prophylactic.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1979

Haemostatic defects in cyanotic congenital heart disease.

An investigation of defects of the haemostatic mechanism in 41 children with cyanotic congenital heart disease concluded that such abnormalities were common and normally involved factors synthesised in the liver, that is the vitamin K dependent factors (rothrombin, factors VII and IX) and factor V. No evidence was found of activation of the coagulation or fibrinolytic systems. The defects can be explained by deficient synthesis resulting from systemic hypoxia as well as from sluggishness of the local microcirculation caused by high blood viscosity. Vitamin K parenterally had no demonstrable effect. Replacement of these factors, possibly combined with measures to improve the microcirculation, therefore, appears to be the appropriate treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Homozygous expression of haemophilia B in a heterozygote.

A case of clinically severe haemophilia B in a woman is described. In 1977 she was delivered of a healthy male child, showing that she is heterozygous for the haemophilia gene. This seems to be the first report of a proven heterozygote with the homozygous expression of severe haemophilia.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Type I congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia with myelopoietic abnormalities and hand malformations.

Type I dyserythropoietic anaemia was diagnosed in an infant, who presented with respiratory distress and hepatosplenomegaly soon after birth. Anaemia became manifest during the neonatal period. The case clearly proves the congenital nature of the disease. Abnormalities of the myelopoietic series indicate that it might be a stem cell disease and the presence of skeletal anomalies of the hands suggests a genetic relationship to some cases of Fanconi and Diamond anaemia. No serum lipid or vitamin E deficiency was present as in type II congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia. Serial serum ferritin determinations indicated that iron stores are increased early in type I congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia despite no transfusion load.

Anemia↗
PubMed1978

Transcutaneous Po2 monitoring in neonatal intensive care.

The transcutaneous Po2 monitoring technique was applied in 20 newborns. The method proved reliable during hypoxemia, normoxemia and hyperoxemia, with a high correlation between Ptco2 and Pao2 in simultaneously obtained arterial samples. Although Ptco2 reliably reflects changes in Pao2, occasional arterial samples are still required for establishing the relationship between Ptco2 and Pao2, especially in patients with impaired circulation. When this relationship has been determined, the therapist may rely on the recorded Ptco2 level for hours, given that the energy supply required to maintain the electrode at a preset temperature level remains constant. A considerable difference between Ptco2 and Pao2 or a change in the energy supply level to the electrode may alert the therapist to check the patient's circulatory status. The Ptco2 technique is now fully developed and can be recommended for use in neonatal intensive care.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1978

Factor VIII activity and antigen in sick newborns with pathological proteolysis in blood.

Factor VIII clotting activity (VII:C) and factor VIII related antigen (VIII:R:AG) were determined in 12 sick newborn infants with pathological proteolysis in their circulation. A marked discrepancy was noted between VIII:R:AG and VIII:C, the ratio in sick infants being, on average, 2:1, while no discrepancy was seen in healthy newborns. The finding in the sick infants resembled a low grade plasminogen activation, which was studied experimentally. It is concluded that demonstration of a marked discrepancy between VIII:R:AG and VIII:C is a useful indication of pathologic proteolysis in sick newborns.

Antigens↗
PubMed1977

Factor XIII (fibrin stabilising factor) in Henoch-Schönlein's purpura.

In 13 out of 17 consecutive children with Henoch-Schönlein's purpura the factor XIII determined with the dansyl cadaverine method was found to be decreased during the acute phase. The decrease is assumed to be due to a specific degradation by proteolytic enzymes liberated from inflammatory cells, with defective local haemostasis as a result. This assumption is strengthened by the observation that treatment with factor XIII combined with an antifibrinolytic drug controlled life-threatening gastro-intestinal bleeding in one of the patients. It would therefore appear that such treatment might offer a new possibility of controlling severe haemorrhages in Henoch-Schönlein's purpura.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Sisomicin treatment of serious neonatal infections. A clinical and pharmacokinetic study.

23 infants, 20 of which had verified or clinically highly suspected serious infections in the neonatal period, were treated with a new antibiotic aminoglycoside, sisomicin, i.m. in doses from 2.8 to 6.6 mg/kg/24 h. Clinical cure was obtained in 18 of 20 caes, and marked improvement in one case. Adverse effects were only observed in two infants with tenderness at the injection sites. Serum concentrations and half-life estimations showed that the concentrations were similar to those obtained for gentamicin, and that half-life was independent of postnatal age, but highly correlated to the gestational age and to body weight. Consideration should therefore be given to the prolonged half-life of the drug in immature and low birth weight infants.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

The Larsen syndrome and glial proliferation in the brain.

A case of the Larsen syndrome is reported in which postmortem examination of the brain revealed glial proliferation resembling tuberous sclerosis. The differential diagnosis of the syndrome and the possible significance of the lesions are discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1975

Factor XIII in a clinical material.

In 339 patients with various diseases factor XIII (FSF) was determined with the specific amine incorporation method of Lorand et al (1969). Normal values were found in patients with renal (216 patients) or liver diseases (33 patients), in 39 patients with recurrent deep venous thrombosis and in 17 children with congenital cyanotic heart disease. Low levels were found in patients with various conditions, such as sepsis, multiple fractures and combustio complicated by an abnormal proteolytic activity (fibrinolysis and/or activation of the coagulation system with signs of disseminated coagulation). No correlation was found between the FSF and the fibrinogen values or the levels of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP). Low FSF values were found in 4 patients with erosive gastritis, with gastrointestinal bleedings and a local fibrinolytic activity in the gastric juice. Although the FSF must be very low (smaller than 1%) if it is to cause bleedings, the low levels in these patients with many other coexisting disturbances in the coagulation system and/or an increased fibrinolytic activity most probably contribute to the increased bleeding tendency in such patients.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
PubMed1975

Generalized proteolysis in a young woman with Weber-Christian disease (nodular nonsuppurative panniculitis).

A patient with Weber-Christian disease (syn. nodular nonsuppurative panniculitis) is reported. The generalized cellular destruction in this patient resulted in liberation of proteolytic enzymes into the circulation, which led to multiple haemostatic disturbances with haemorrhagic diathesis. The most prominent haemostatic defects were thrombocytopenia with a normal life span of isologous platelets, high levels of AHF-related antigen, hypofibronigenaemia with short fibrinogen survival, low levels of Factor XIII (fibrin stabilizing factor = FSF) and increased amounts of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP). Proteolytic enzymes, other than thrombin and plasmin which especially degrade Factor XIII and fibrongen, derived from destroyed cells (probably leukocytes) seem to have been involved in the pathogenesis of the bleeding disorder in this patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Abnormal proteolysis in sick newborns.

87 newborn infants were studied on their first day of life for defects in the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems. The infants were divided into two diagnostic groups, one with IRDS, the other with mixed neonatal disorders. Factor V, fibrinogen and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) were abnormal more often than any of the other factors examined. The presence or absence of "multiple defects" appeared to depend on the severity of the illness and its ultimate course. Thus 28% of the surviving infants or 85% of those who died had "multiple defects". The pattern of abnormalities did not differ between the infants with IRDS and those with mixed disorders. The "multiple defects" are ascribed to the following mechanisms: (1) impaired synthesis due to vitamin K deficiency and/or liver damage, (2) abnormal proteolytic activity stimulated by tissue damage and causing (a) an activation of the coagulation process (b) activation of the fibrinolytic system, or (c) of both the coagulation and the fibrinolytic systems. Differentiation between these pathways to defective haemostasis are important when deciding upon therapeutic measures in addition to the basic treatment.

Blood Cell Count↗