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Biomedical subjects

P Heitz

Publications and source records attributed to P Heitz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Pathophysiology and surgery of the parathyroid glands].

The treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism consists in a teamwork between the physician, pathologist and surgeon. The endocrinologist must be able to motivate the surgeon to perform an often tedious exploration of the neck, while the pathologist may influence the tactics of surgery by his analysis of the frozen sections. The surgeon needs much experience, a sound knowledge of anatomy, a good surgical technique and enough time and leisure for the operation.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1977

[Differentiation of lymphocyte populations in the blood of breast-cancer patients].

The number of T lymphocytes has been determined in the peripheral blood of 90 women (65 patients with breast cancer and 25 healthy controls) using a sheep-erythrocyte rosetting technique and a cytochemical method for intracellular localization of a nonspecific acid esterase. Both tests were in agreement in showing a significant depression of T-cell percentage in a group of patients with progressive disseminated breast cancer under hormonal and chemotherapeutic treatment. After radiotherapy a fall in T cells was observed only with the rosetting method. Possible reasons for this phenomenon are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Mouse epidermal growth factor: light and electron microscopical localisation by immunocytochemical staining.

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) has been localised by immuno-staining to granules of the convoluted duct cells of the submaxillary glands of mice. Improved techniques of freeze drying and formaldehyde vapour fixation have resulted in a light microscopical localisation sharper than was achieved by previous methods. EGF has also been identified by electron immunocytochemistry using the unlabelled antibody enzyme method. EGF is present in greater quantities in male mice than in female mice but in pregnant females the level of EGF in the submaxillary gland is equal to that of the male. It declines gradually during the three weeks of lactation. In view of the chemical similarity between mouse EGF and human Urogastrone these improved methods of identification may be useful in the localisation of the human substance.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Immunoelectron cytochemical localization of motilin and substance P in rabbit bile duct enterochromaffin (EC) cells.

Using an immunoreactive technique the two peptides, motilin and Substance P, have been localized at the ultrastructural level in enterochromaffin (EC) cells. Motilin occurs in cells containing a mixed population of biconcave and round secretory granules whereas Substance P is found in cells with exclusively round granules. These observations confirm the existence of at least two functionally and morphologically different types of EC cell in rabbit bile duct, both of which contain 5-hydroxytryptamine. Classification of the endocrine cells of the gut on a purely morphological basis is clearly impossible, however.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Scapulo-peroneal muscular atrophy. Full autopsy report. Unusual findings in the anterior horn of the spinal cord. Lipid storage in muscle.

Morphological findings of 3 cases of Kaeser's scapulo-peroneal muscular atrophy are described. 1 of them is the first complete autopsy report on this disease. While the number of motor neurons in the spinal cord was grossly normal, the neuropil of the anterior horn exhibited axonal swellings, accumulations of possibly pathological lipofuscin and intra-axonal corpora amylacea. In the muscles, changes were partly those of neurogenic atrophy, partly of a primary myopathy. There was also an accumulation of neutral fat in the muscle fibres, mainly of those of type I.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Enterochromaffin cells as the endocrine source of gastrointestinal substance P.

Immunoreactive Substance P is localized in the intramural neural plexuses of mammalian intestine, and in endocrine cells in the intestinal mucosa which have now been identified as enterochromaffin (EC). The presence of a neurotransmitter peptide in these cells favours the hypothesis of their neuroectodermal origin.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[The hypophyseal TSH reserve in surgical patients with bland goiter and recurrent goiter].

Serum-T4, -T3, FTI, basal TSH and TRH-induced TSH response were measured in 80 patients with simple nontoxic goiter and in 24 patients with nontoxic recurrent goiter in a surgical unit. 55 of the 80 patients with simple goiter and 11 patients with recurrent goiter had normal individual TSH values. Mean FTI and serum T3 were not statistically different from age and sex related normal values, except serum-T3, which was above normal in elderly goiter patients. The incidence of elevated TSH reserve (preclinical hypothyroidism) was significantly higher (p less than 0.0005) in recurrent than in simple goiter (10 of 24 vs. 8 of 80 patients). Simple goiter aptients with preclinical hypothyroidism had a lower-than-normal mean serum T4 level, whereas mean serum T4 and T3 concentrations were higher than normal in preclinically hypothyroid recurrent goiter patients. In these subjects raised TSH values and goitrogenesis possibly may be related to lower sensitivity of the pituitary to thyroid hormones. 17 simple goiter patients and 3 recurrent goiter patients with normal circulating serum T4 and T3 levels showed no response to TSH to TRH. This suprising finding is related to preclinical hyperthyroidism on the basis of autonomously functioning thyroid compartments. In 12 tested patients TRH responsiveness recovered following goiter resection. The mean T3 response to TRH in goiter patients with normal or elevated TSH reserve was subnormal. This indicates that thyroid reserve is potentially decreased even in goiter patients whose thyroid function was, on the evidence of normal TSH values, actually appropriate.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Pancreatic polypeptide in insulinomas, gastrinomas, vipomas, and glucagonomas.

In 33 patients studied with endocrine neoplasms of the pancreas more than half the tumours contained pancreatic polypeptide (P.P.) producing cells, and a high radioimmunoassayable concentration of P.P. was found in the tumour extracts. Plasma was available from 28 patients, and very high circulating P.P. concentrations were found in 18. The presence of P.P. in hepatic and lymphnode metastases indicates that its production by the primary neoplasm cannot be ascribed to incidental adherence of normal P.P. cells. Measurements of plasma P.P. levels should be a new aid to diagnosis of pancreatic tumours.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1976

Thyroid cancer: a study of 573 thyroid tumors and 161 autopsy cases observed over a thirty-year period.

Five hundred and seventy-three thyroid tumors from surgical material and 161 autopsy cases were studied as to incidence, types, and precursor changes using the new WHO-classification. In the surgical material 225 tumors were follicular, 145 papillary, 147 anaplastic, 23 squamous cell, and 10 medullary. Twenty-three sarcomas were found. tthe percentage of follicular carcinoma had decreased, whereas that of papillary carcinoma increased and that of anaplastic carcinoma remained constant. In over 50% of anaplastic carcinomas neoplastic follicular structures have been identified. As a rule the more sections are prepared, the more papillary carcinomas and the less sarcomas are diagnosed. Thyroid tumors leading to death were found in 0.33% of 53,134 consecutive autopsies. Anaplastic (52.3%) and follicular (33.5%) carcinoma were most frequently encountered. Metastases of follicular and anaplastic carcinoma were most often found in the lung, pleura, and bones, whereas lymph nodes of the neck, lung, and bones were predominantly involved in cases of the papillary type. Therapy of thyroid carcinoma is total thyroidectomy. The transition of follicular carcinoma to the anaplastic type has to be avoided whenever possible.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Histochemical and electron-microscopic aspects of bone tumor diagnosis.

In recent years, histochemistry and electron microscopy have been applied more and more to the investigation of bone tumors. The contributions and limitations of these methods in differential diagnosis are discussed. The levels of glycosaminoglycans in cartilaginous tumors display distinct differences between slow- and fast-growing types. All cartilaginous tumors are poor in phosphatase activity. Demonstration of these enzymes at acid and alkaline pH in bone-forming conditions reveals differences between benign and malignant tumors. Osteosarcomas display a rich activity of both phosphatases in bone-forming and in bone-free regions. Acid phosphatase may play a rôle in the breakdown of the host tissue infiltrated by the tumor. Electron microscopy of bone tumors has brought out some interesting findings. In fibrous dysplasia a particular kind of very fine fibrillar structures was observed besides the regular collagen fibrils. This may indicate retardation of collagen maturation. Cell organelles in benign and malignant bone tumors usually differ quantitatively. They resemble active fibroblasts. In bone- and in cartilage-forming tumors we observed large quantities of microfilaments in the cytoplasm. Nuclear indentations and invaginations probably indicate increased nuclear activity. The intense acid phosphatase activity demonstrated histochemically seems inconsistent with the low number of lysosomes in the cytoplasm of osteosarcoma cells, but other organelles (Golgi apparatus and vesicles) may also contain the enzyme. Virus-like particles have not been observed in human osteosarcomas up to now. Other authors have observed a correlation between the number of cell organelles and the grade of differentiation, but this was not detected in our sample of benign and malignant cartilaginous tumors. Histochemistry and electron microscopy of bone tumors are still in the early stage of material gathering. Some histochemical findings, however, can already be used as diagnostic tools.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Identification of the D1-cell as the source of human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP).

Immunoperoxidase positive HPP-producing cells have been examined ultrastructurally using the serial semithin-thin section technique. The features of the HPP cells were found to be identical with those of the previously described D1-cell. The D1-cells are scattered throughout the exocrine parenchyma and occur to a minor extent in the islets.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1976

Preclinical hyperthyroidism in multinodular goiter.

The thyrotropin (TSH) response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH) (200 mug iv) was determined in 80 surgical patients with nontoxic multinodular goiter. The TSH reserve was normal in multinodular goiter. The TSH reserve was normal in 55 and elavated in 8 patients. No TSH response to TRH (deltaTSH less than or equal to 1 muU/ml) was detectable in 17 patients (21%). Individual and mean serum T4, FT4I and serum T3 values did not differ from normal in 13 of the TRH unresponsive patients; in 4 patients FT4I or serum T3 was marginally elevated. No statistical differences were noted for I131-uptake, PBI131 and conversion rate between controls and TRH unresponsive patients. All patients who failed to respond to TRH were euthyroid on clinical evaluation. Goiters were large multinodular and long-standing in most instances. In 12 tested subjects TRH responsiveness recovered following partial thyroidectomy. In 3 of 7 TRH unresponsive euthyroid patients tested 9-12 days post surgery a transient lack of TSH to respond to TRH was observed. Recovery of TRH responsiveness was accompanied by a significant (P IS LESS THAN 0, 02) decrease in serum T4and FT4I in the euthyroid range, whereas no change in serum T3 occurred. It is suggested that TRH unresponsiveness represents a state of preclinical hyperthyroidism maintained by autonomously functioning goiter compartments.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Differential localisation of substance P and motilin.

Motilin, and Substance P, have previously been shown to be present in enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the gut mucosa. By comparing a specific immunofluorescence stain for Substance P with an immunoperoxidase reaction for motilin, applied sequentially to the same tissue section, it is possible to demonstrate that the two peptides are present in different cells. It is concluded that a) at least two different types of EC cells must exist and b) these results provide further evidence for the neuroectodermal origin of the gastrointestinal APUD cells. Studies of the degranulation pattern of EC cells could help to elucidate the role of amines in the mechanism of storage and secretion of different peptides under normal and pathological conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Comparative kinetics of 45Ca and 89Sr in chronic uremic syndrome in the rat.

In rats a chronic uremic syndrome was induced by 5/6 resection and subsequent irradiation of the kidneys. After 5 weeks 45Ca and 89Sr were injected simultaneously, and the different metabolic handling of the two elements was determined applying an open two-compartment model of Calcium kinetics. The uremic animals were compared with two groups of rats which were pairfed, and fed ad libitum, respectively. Besides an elevenfold faster urinary excretion when calculated with Sr, and which was reduced to about one half in the uremic rats, a significant discrimination by bone in favour of Ca was found, with a rather stable factor of 1.2 in the three groups. This is considered to evidence that urinary excretion and bon uptake of Sr are independent processes.

Animals↗