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Biomedical subjects

P Hautecoeur

Publications and source records attributed to P Hautecoeur.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Diagnostic importance of middle latency auditory evoked potentials (MLAEP) in multiple sclerosis].

This study was aimed at assessing the interest of middle latency auditory evoked potentials (MLAEP) recordings in multiple sclerosis (MS). Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) and MLAEP were recorded in 40 control subjects and 65 patients who had MS according to Poser's criteria. Na and Pa latencies were significantly delayed in the MS group. These abnormalities were detected in 60% of the patients. In 26% of the cases with normal BAEP, abnormalities of MLAEP were present. In 71% of the patients abnormalities of both BAEP and MLAEP were observed. These results suggest the ability of MLAEP recordings to detect lesions of the auditory pathways rostral to the pons and show the value of their combined recordings in MS patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Variations of IL2, IL6, TNF alpha plasmatic levels in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis.

We performed a longitudinal analysis of serum IL2, IL6 and TNF alpha concentrations in 40 relapsing remitting MS patients and 20 healthy subjects. Disease activity was quantified by Minimal Record of Disease (M.R.D.) for MS, every 2 or 3 months. IL2, IL6 TNF alpha production was analysed without and with PHA stimulation of whole blood for 2 hours at 37 degrees C. No significant change in IL2 level was found in MS serum. Individual TNF alpha production was significantly increased (P < 0.007) during relapses. The global spontaneous IL6 production was markedly higher in the relapse group than in the control group (P < 0.01) and than in the remission group (P < 0.002) without significant individual variations of cytokine levels regarding the disease activity. Productions of cytokines were enhanced by PHA stimulation, a condition that however suppressed the differences observed without mitogen stimulation. Our data suggest that TNF alpha could be a marker for relapses while IL6 might reflect the global activity of the immune system in MS.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Visual evoked potentials and face recognition. Influence of celebrity and emotional expression].

Visual evoked potentials (VEP) were recorded in the right and left parietal and occipital regions of 40 right-handed controls in a facial recognition task. VEP were studied first according to the renown of the faces, then according to their emotional expression. Asymmetry was noted between the hemispheres: P100 was of greater amplitude and longer latency in the left occipital region. Later components (P400 and P600) were of greater amplitude and longer latency in the right parietal region in all situations. P100 latency on the left side was shorter for renowned faces than for non-renowned faces (P = 0.05). P600 latency was shorter on the right (P < 0.03) and left (P < 0.05) sides for smiling than for non-smiling faces. When the subjects were asked to look for emotional expression of the face (smiling or non-smiling) P400 was very ample and P600 of little amplitude. When the subjects were asked to recognize the face (renowned or not renowned) P600 was very ample and P400 of little amplitude. Thus, there seems to be a differential treatment of information: automatic and rapid to detect emotion (P400), controlled, tardy (P600) and involving memory in the search for renown.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Unconjugated pteridines and neuromeningeal infections].

Concentrations of unconjugated pteridines (neopterin, monapterin, biopterin, pterin) were measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 310 patients, using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPCL) method. Our cohort included 209 controls (C), 15 patients with meningism (M), 22 with viral meningitis (VM), 17 with bacterial meningitis (BM), 9 with herpetic meningoencephalitis (HME), 2 with tuberculous meningoencephalitis (TME) and 36 with peripheral systemic infections (PI). These measurements, expressed as nmol/litre, showed a gradation of neopterin concentrations according to the type of infection: 20.1 + 6.5 in group C; 46.9 +/- 29.9 in group PI; 274.3 +/- 231.7 in group VM; 699.2 +/- 711.2 in group BM, 1,101.9 +/- 1,107.9 in group HME and 1,169 +/- 1,171.9 in group TME. There was no such gradation with biopterin. Comparisons of means showed that total concentrations in the pathology groups were very different from those observed in controls and in the neuromeningeal infections of the PI group. There was no correlation between the number of lymphocytes and the concentrations of neopterin or biopterin in the CSF. It is concluded that the concentration of neopterin in the CSF is a sensitive but little specific marker of infection, independent of CSF cellular reaction. Measuring this concentration makes it possible: 1) to evaluate the status of immune defences; 2) to predict that a meningitis will become chronic, and 3) to detect a possible parenchymal participation in a meningeal infection.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1991

[Late auditory evoked potentials in subcortical cognitive deterioration].

Late auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) were recorded by the odd-ball method in 55 non-deteriorated parkinsonians (NP) and in 27 parkinsonians with cognitive deterioration (CDP), compared with 20 controls (C) and 24 patients with Alzheimer-type senile dementia (ATSD). The latency of P 300 was prolonged in the CDP and ATSD groups (410.72 +/- 24.45 and 433.62 +/- 38.30 respectively; P less than 0.001. The latency of N 100 was prolonged only in the CDP group (106.6 +/- 4.82; P less than 0.001). Late AEPs were also studied in 63 subjects with possible or confirmed disseminated sclerosis (DS) compared with 33 controls of similar mean age. The ERFC test divided these patients into 38 with non-deteriorated DS (NDS) and 25 with deteriorated DS (DDS). The latency of P 300 was prolonged in both groups: NDS 331.14 +/- 25.89; DDS 376.64 +/- 29.51 (P less than 0.001). The latency of N 100 was prolonged in the NDS group (100.25 +/- 9.20) and the DDS group (104.43 +/- 9.01). Following a study of correlations between the degree of mental deterioration and the electrophysiological parameters in these populations, the significance of the N 100 latency as electrophysiological marker of subcortical dementia is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Motor impersistance of the eyelids. Study of 93 cases and a discussion of pathogenic mechanisms].

In a prospective study, 252 subjects were investigated for motor impersistence of the eyelids (MIE) by means of a protocol that evaluated its intensity and detected associated signs, notably other phenomena of motor impersistence. MIE was frequent, being found in 93 subjects. It was usually observed in diffuse brain lesions, then in lesions of the right hemisphere, particularly in the posterior and deep cortex. In right hemisphere lesions, MIE was significantly associated with constructional apraxia, visual neglect and Anton-Babinski syndrome. In diffuse cerebral lesions, MIE was accompanied by other phenomena of motor impersistence on a background of dementia. In these cases the P 300 wave latency was significantly prolonged. Three main mechanisms may be regarded as responsible for the occurrence of MIE: apraxia, disturbance of the interhemispheric balance (notably in lesions of the right hemisphere) and disorders of attention (predominant in diffuse lesions). Actually, in every case MIE should be inserted in a continuum the extremities of which are represented by the above mentioned mechanisms.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Disconnection and recognition of faces. A case with lesions of the left visual cortex and the splenium].

We report the clinical findings in a case of alexia without agraphia, due to a left posterior cerebral artery infarction, in which C.T. showed occipital and splenial lesions. There were in addition a right homonymous hemianopsia and agnosia for colors, objects and pictures, with both associative and disconnective aspects. The hypothesis of an occipito-occipital disconnection, depriving the left visual associative areas of inputs, could explain this agnosia. The most striking findings in this case was, besides an anomia for faces, a peculiar difficulty to recognize her own face. The patient seemed to recognize herself. The patient spoke about herself in the third person, giving genuine autobiographical details, without being able to say: "it is me". This phenomenon is discussed in terms of disconnection: the right hemisphere sending information from the semantic field evoked by her own face, through the anterior part of the corpus callosum, to the left hemisphere. We discuss the hemispheric contribution within cognitive experience, and the role of language concerning the conscious experience in man.

Brain↗
PubMed1987

[Association of cerebral cysticercosis and multifocal glioma. Discussion of interactions].

Diagnosis in a case of cerebral parenchyma cysticercosis was based on conventional arguments described in the literature. The patient died after progression of the disease over 6 months, despite two courses of Praziquantel. Results of neuropathologic examination confirmed diagnosis of cysticercosis and the discovery of a multifocal astrocytic tumor involving mainly the periventricular regions. Possible interactions between parasitic infection and glioma are discussed but it is difficult to determine the precise role played by the parasitosis in the evolution of the tumor, the hypothesis of a simple coincidence being most likely. Periventricular images of an inflammatory nature observed after PZQ treatment should not be accepted unreservedly, and when an unfavorable course is apparent the periventricular histopathologic lesions should be compared with results of CT scan imaging qualified as periventricular in origin.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1985

[The gaze and functional hemispheric activation in normal subjects].

The aim of this work was to determine whether the study of lateral and vertical conjugated eye movement could serve as an indicator of the functional hemispheric activation. Questions of vocabulary, calculation, logic (V.C.L.) and visuo-spatial instructions, as well as music-listening (V.S.M.), were proposed to 60 control subjects (21 men, 39 women). They were divided in 4 groups of 15 according to their laterality (complete right handed, incomplete right handed, ambidextrous, left handed). Eye movements were recorded using a video system. Deviations of the eyes towards the right and left, upwards and downwards, as well as episodes of staring were noted. Concerning V.C.L. questions, there was a significant correlation between conjugated lateral eye movements and the contralateral hemisphere activation. The study of vertical eye movements revealed a correlation only in complete right-handed and left-handed subjects: deviation upwards during the left hemisphere activation, and downwards during the right hemisphere activation. This pattern of response was no longer found during V.S.M. questions which, in the 4 groups, evoked staring episodes in 56 to 72 per cent of the cases. The negative emotional stimuli (emotional words, non verbal stimuli, stressful situations) evoked preferentially, but independently of laterality, deviations towards the left and downwards in favor of the right hemisphere activation. This method of observation of eye movements seems therefore of significant interest in Neuropsychology, provided that methodologic rules are rigorously respected.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cortical and subcortical dementia. The value of long auditory evoked potentials].

Long latency auditory evoked potentials were studied in 27 normal subjects, 19 patients with Alzheimer's Disease (A.D.) and 70 patients with Parkinson's Disease (P.D.). 17 patients with P.D. showed cognitive impairment measured by the "test rapide d'évaluation des fonctions cognitives - E.R.F.C.". The N2 and P3 peak latencies were prolonged in the demented group of P.D. compared to the non demented group P.D.. Between the electrophysiological parameters only the N1 latency prolongation distinguished the demented parkinsonian patients from the patients with A.D..

Aged↗