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Biomedical subjects

P Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to P Gupta.

426 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Retrieval of a dropped corneal button from a vitrectomized eye.

A successful retrieval of a dropped corneal button from an aphakic vitrectomized eye during penetrating keratoplasty is reported. A 52-year-old female patient underwent penetrating keratoplasty for aphakic corneal edema in a vitrectomized eye. The donor button inadvertently dropped into the vitreous cavity and was retrieved successfully. The dropped corneal button was visualized after focusing the operating microscope on the retina. The visualization significantly improved after aspiration of the fluid from the vitrectomized eye. The donor button was picked up by McPherson's forceps and subsequently sutured to the recipient's cornea. Corneal surgeons need to be aware of this rare complication in aphakic vitrectomized eyes and its retrieval after accurate visualization.

Aphakia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HIV transmission to female sexual partners of HIV antibody-positive hemophiliacs.

To study heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 21 HIV antibody-positive hemophiliacs and their 21 spouses-sexual partners were evaluated. None belonged to other AIDS risk groups. HIV antibody was detected in four (19 percent) of the female partners. HIV was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes of one hemophiliac (4.8 percent), and one female partner (4.8) was antibody-positive. None of the couples engaged in anal intercourse. Compared with HIV antibody-negative female partners, HIV antibody-positive female partners were younger (P less than .05), had younger hemophiliac partners (P less than .05), and were likely (although not significantly so) to engage in oral sex (P = .08) and to have had more than one sexual partner in the previous 5 years (P = .08). Condoms were used all the time by only eight couples (40 percent), and pregnancy occurred in two other couples (9.5 percent), despite prior counseling. These data confirm the low frequency of heterosexual transmission of HIV from HIV antibody-positive hemophiliacs to their female sexual partners and suggest, moreover, that this may be due to the low rate of HIV infectivity in HIV seropositive hemophiliacs exposed to HIV. Further, these data document the need to design more effective educational programs to prevent heterosexual transmission of HIV.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardio respiratory responses in factory workers of north Delhi belonging to varying nutritional background.

Healthy males having similar socio-economic and cultural background and differing in food intake (1808.4 Cal/day to 2591.0 Cal/day) and their nature of work form the basis of this report. They are drawn from 54 non-factory workers (Gr-I), 33 tobacco workers (Gr-II), 110 metal workers (Gr-III), 18 plastic workers (Gr-IV) and 12 rubber workers (Gr-V) of 22.1 to 28.6 [mean] years old. Lung functions (FVC, FEV1 & PEFR) along with B.P., pulse rate (PR) and Hb were measured. Their height (Ht), weight (Wt), body surface (BSA), Quetlet Index (QI), skin fold thickness (SFT), calorie intake (CI), monthly income and smoking history were worked out. Among factory workers Ht, Wt, BSA, Hb PR, FVC, FEV1 were found higher in Gr-II, whereas the SFT, QI, PEFR and CI are higher in Gr-V as compared to other groups. The FVC, FEV1 and PEFR are higher in non-factory workers as compared to factory workers.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary diffusion indices in ageing adults.

The lung transfer factor (Tl) was measured by the single breath holding CO technique in 147 apparently healthy males and 88 females of 35-70 years of age, belonging to similar middle class of socio-economic and nutritional status. They were non-smokers, non-alcoholics and had no cardio-respiratory problems at the time of study. The male subjects with average age of 46.9 years, weight 63.9 Kgs, Height 168.9 cms, surface area 1.73 m2, Hb 12.7 gm% had Tl 29.41 +/- 1.78 mlCo/min/mmHg whereas female subjects with average age of 45-60 years, with Wt 63.2 Kgs, Ht. 155.5 cms, Surface area 1.57 m2, Hb 10.88% had Tl 22.49 +/- 1.28 mlCo/min/mmHg. Simple and multiple regression equation for age, Ht, Hb were worked out and their correlation with Tl discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lung function tests in Rajasthani subjects.

Various lung volumes and ventilatory tests (TV, ERV, IC, MV, MVV, VC, FEV1, MMFER and PEFR) were determined and BR, DI and AVI (Air velocity Index) calculated in 241 Rajasthani subjects of either sex ranging from 17 to 40 years of age. Most of the values (Mean +/- SEM) are higher in males than in females, and also higher in the younger age groups (17 to 27 years) than in the older age groups (28 to 40 years) for the same sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lung transfer factor (Tl) in a group of healthy subjects.

Lung transfer factor (Tl) was determined by employing single breath technique in fortyfive healthy young males, and twenty females. These subjects belonged to similar socioeconomic and nutritional status and were non smokers. Morning value of Tl in sitting posture was worked out by using Morgan's Pulmotest C while subjects were at physical and mental rest. Male subjects in the age group of (18-26) yrs (av. 21.0 yrs) and height 1.68 M and weight 58.5 kgs, showed Tl of 30.6 +/- 3.8 ml/CO/mm Hg/min and females of same age group, height 1.57 M and weight 49.1 kg, had Tl values of 25.5 +/- 6.2 ml CO/mm Hg/min.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MD@: a physician-friendly decision analysis tool.

The cost-effective use of medical resources is increasingly important in justifying strategies for medical diagnosis and management. Although some software is available to help with decision analysis, it can be difficult to use these tools for medical applications. We have developed a prototype package for modeling various medical decision strategies, which can be used with a Macintosh or Windows-based personal computer. The system is graphically based, intuitive, and user-friendly. The user constructs decision trees for comparing alternative strategies for diagnosis and management. Selecting blocks from a library, the user sets mean values for variables such as prevalence, sensitivity, specificity, cost, morbidity, and mortality. The system then generates the probabilities of various pathways, using Bayesian analysis, without requiring the user to enter equations. It displays the best strategy in terms of a particular criterion and, when appropriate, performs sensitivity analysis.

Decision Support Techniques↗