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Biomedical subjects

P Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to P Gupta.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

In vivo activation of murine peritoneal macrophages by intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin.

A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (10 mg/kg body weight) in C3H/He mice increases the total number of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) and macrophages (m phi) within 24 to 48 h. The total number of PEC from untreated mice ranged from 4 to 5 x 10(6) cells/ml containing 2.5 to 3 x 10(6) macrophages, whereas in cisplatin treated mice total number of PEC ranged up to 25 x 10(6) cells/ml. These PEC contained up to 16 x 10(6) m phi. The macrophages obtained from cisplatin injected mice show enhanced cytotoxicity, cytostasis and binding to Dalton's lymphoma cells in vitro. These activated macrophages release into the culture medium factors having cytolytic and cytostatic effect on Dalton's lymphoma cells. The activated macrophages also show enhanced capacity to release superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, lysozyme, arginase and interleukin-1.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase: detection of high levels of antibodies to HIV reverse transcriptase in sera of homosexual men.

Immunoglobulin isolated from sera of homosexual men infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) inhibited the reverse transcriptase (RT) activity of HIV. The inhibitory activity was specifically directed against HIV RT, and not against other mammalian retrovirus RT, including human T-lymphotropic virus type I. The relative titer of anti-RT antibody was significantly higher in asymptomatic men than in patients with lymphadenopathy or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related complex. There was no correlation between the relative titer of anti-RT antibody and the relative titers of antibodies to major virion structural protein as determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. These data suggest that antibodies to HIV RT may be related to the clinical status and possibly to the different degree of HIV replication in HIV-infected homosexual men.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1987

Increased release of interleukin-1 from mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro after cisplatin treatment.

The supernatants collected from cis-platin (2 micrograms, 5 micrograms, 10 micrograms, treated macrophage monolayers enhance the proliferation of thymocytes by a submitogenic concentration of con A (1 microgram/ml). The supernatants collected from the untreated macrophage monolayers show a gradual ten fold increase in the interleukin-1 (IL-1) activity during 30 min to 48 h incubation at 37 degrees C. Supernatants collected from macrophage monolayers treated with 2 micrograms/ml of cis-platin show only a marginal increase in IL-1 activity as compared to untreated monolayers. However, compared to controls, 30 to 40 fold increases in IL-1 activity were measured in supernatants collected from the macrophage monolayers incubated with 5, 10 and 20 micrograms/ml cis-platin at 37 degrees C. The IL-1 activity in supernatants collected from macrophage monolayers treated with cis platin and LPS are also compared.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Detection of human immunodeficiency virus by reverse transcriptase assay, antigen capture assay, and radioimmunoassay.

The reverse transcriptase assay, antigen capture assay, and radioimmunoassay were compared for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in culture fluids of virus-infected lymphocytes. The reverse transcriptase assay and the antigen capture assay were compared for 962 samples, and the two tests displayed comparable sensitivities (98.5% agreement) in detecting HIV antigen. In addition, these two tests displayed similar sensitivities when examined for the kinetics of HIV appearance following in vitro infection of normal lymphocytes. We also found the antigen capture assay to be as sensitive as the radioimmunoassay in detecting HIV antigen in culture fluids. Furthermore, all three tests were found to be reasonably concordant when applied simultaneously to the detection of HIV antigen in cultures. The antigen capture assay, however, is relatively fast, can handle a large number of samples, does not require radioactive material, and is less expensive than the other two tests. Therefore, the antigen capture assay appears to be the method of choice for the detection of HIV in routine virus culturing.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1986

Increased release of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O-2) by murine macrophages in vitro after cis-platin treatment.

When murine macrophage (M phi) monolayers are treated with cis-Platin (10 micrograms or 5 micrograms/ml) for 30 min, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h a significant increase in the release of H2O2 and O-2 by M phi is observed. The release of H2O2 and O-2 was comparatively much more when M phi were treated with 5 micrograms/ml cis-Platin than 10 micrograms/ml. However, it is observed that 4 h cis-Platin treatment results in comparative inhibition in the release of H2O2 and O-2. Further, we compared the release of H2O2 and O-2 by M phi treated with cis-Platin, LPS and PMA.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Enhanced expression of the c-myc gene in bovine leukemia virus-induced bovine tumors.

We have detected elevated levels of c-myc gene expression in neoplastic cells from all seven bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-induced bovine tumors examined, but not in BLV-infected, nonneoplastic lymphoid cells. No rearrangement or amplification of the c-myc gene could be demonstrated in any of the BLV-induced tumors. Furthermore, BLV proviral DNA was found to have no preferred site of integration in these tumors. The possible mechanisms of enhanced expression of the c-myc gene in BLV-induced tumors have been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Author inflation.

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Authorship↗
PubMed1985

Methylation and expression of bovine leukemia proviral DNA.

In vivo, the BLV proviral DNA usually resides in a transcriptionally inert state, and is hypermethylated. Upon short-term in vitro cultivation of the neoplastic or non-neoplastic lymphoid cells, the viral genome becomes transcriptionally active but without detectable change in its methylation state. Proviral DNA was found to be methylated in one but not in the other long-term BLV producer cell line examined. These data indicate that hypermethylation of proviral DNA may not be responsible for the covert nature of BLV infection in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Localization of sensory levels in traumatic quadriplegia by segmental somatosensory evoked potentials.

We studied the usefulness of cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) elicited by segmental sensory stimulation in traumatic quadriplegia. By stimulating sensory branches of musculocutaneous (C5, C6), median (C7, C8), and ulnar nerves (C8), we studied 10 chronic traumatic quadriplegics and compared them with age-matched controls. In all traumatic quadriplegics tested, the SEP abnormalities provided a direct linear relationship with clinical localization of posterior column sensory levels. Our findings suggest that segmental SEPs can enhance the clinical assessment of posterior column sensory levels in chronic traumatic quadriplegia. Further studies may find this technique useful in acute quadriplegia, particularly during surgical monitoring.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Specific identification of human papillomavirus type in cervical smears and paraffin sections by in situ hybridization with radioactive probes: a preliminary communication.

Cervical Papanicolaou smears and paraffin sections of biopsy specimens obtained from women attending dysplasia clinics were examined for viral DNA sequences by in situ hybridization technique using 35S-labeled cloned recombinant DNA probes of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, and 16. These and one unrelated DNA probe complementary to measles virus RNA were labeled by nick translation using either one or two 35S-labeled nucleotides. The radiolabeled probes were reduced in size with DNase to 60-160 nucleotides. Paraffin sections and cervical smears were collected on pretreated slides, hybridized with the probes under stringent or nonstringent conditions for 50 h, and autoradiographed. Additional cervical specimens from the same women were examined for the presence of genus-specific papillomavirus capsid antigen by the immunoperoxidase technique. Preliminary results may be summarized as follows. The infecting virus could be identified in smears as well as in sections. Viral DNA sequences were detected only when there were condylomatous cells in the specimen and in only a proportion of the condylomatous cells. Even under stringent conditions, some specimens reacted with both HPV-6 and HPV-11. None of the specimens hybridized with HPV-16 or with the unrelated probe. In some instances, the cells did not hybridize with any of the three probes even when duplicate specimens contained frankly condylomatous, capsid antigen-positive cells. In situ hybridization of Papanicolaou smears or of tissue sections is a practical method for diagnosis and follow-up of specific papillomavirus infection using routinely collected material.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Phytohemagglutinin activation of the transcription of the bovine leukemia virus genome requires de novo protein synthesis.

Addition of supramitogenic doses of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) to short-term cultures of neoplastic or nonneoplastic lymphocytes infected with bovine leukemia virus increased the synthesis of the major core virion antigen (p25) by 5- to 10-fold. Such stimulation was not due to the mitogenic effect of PHA or to a generalized increase in cellular RNA or protein synthesis but rather to enhanced transcription of the viral genome by a PHA-induced protein.

Base Sequence↗