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Biomedical subjects

P Groscurth

Publications and source records attributed to P Groscurth.

124 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The activity and distribution of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (y-GT) in human lung cancers serially transplanted in nude mice.

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (y-GT) activity and distribution were investigated in different types of human lung cancers (three epidermoid carcinomas, one large cell carcinoma) which were maintained by serial transplantation in nude mice. All transplanted tumour fragments were positive for the enzyme. In the epidermoid carcinomas, y-GT levels were related to the degree of tumour differentiation. Enzyme activity in tumour fragments was always higher than that found in normal adult human lung tissue, and was, in general, maintained throughout the transplantation series.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The activity and distribution of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (y-GT) in human foetal organs.

The activity and distribution of y-GT was investigated in a number of organs from human foetuses aged from 14 to 24 weeks post menstruationem. Over this period, enzyme activity increased in the kidney, pancreas and thymus, but decreased in the small intestine. No trend could be established for the liver, although activity was high. In the lung, spleen, brain and adrenals, y-GT was either detectable at very low levels or could not be demonstrated. The possible relationship between y-GT activity in some human tumours and the enzyme level in the corresponding foetal organs is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1977

[Rare abnormality of the extrahepatic bile duct and the V. coronaria ventriculi].

An accessory bile duct was observed during anatomical dissection of the body of an 84-year-old man. The duct originated in the superior area of the lateral segment of the liver and penetrated the stomach wall in the region of the pylorus. Histologic examination revealed that the duct passed through the pyloric sphincter and could be traced to the submucosa of the pars superior of the duodenum. In addition the left gastric vein was enlarged and instead of opening into the portal vein, passed directly to the superior area of the lateral segment of the liver.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1975

The postnatal development of the ovary in the "nude" mouse.

The postnatal development of the ovary of the heterozygous nude (nu/+) mouse with the genetic background BALB/c is very similar--if not identical-- to that of other mouse strains. As other BALB/c mice, the nu/+ females become sexually mature during the 5th week post partum (p.p.). At this age the ovaries corpora lutea at various stages of differentiation. In the ovaries of newborn and 1 week-old homozygous (nu/nu) mice, the differentiation of oocytes into primary and secondary follicles is delayed. In the third postnatal week, the ovaries of homozygous females contain more atretic follicles than those of their heterozygous littermates. This increased degeneration of follicles may account for the greater mass of secondary interstitial tissue, which is observed in the ovaries of adult nu/nu females. In nine out of the 5 to 7 week-old nu/nu mice studied, the ovaries contained no-/or only very few corpora lutea. Thus in homozygous nude females, the onset of sexual maturity is delayed. This ovarial immaturity may persist throughout life. In other animals development may become normal. In addition to the impaired postnatal development of the ovary, unspecific inflammation of the uterine wall (endo- and/or myometritis) was detected in 47% of nu/nu animals older than five weeks. No direct correlation was, however, found between the delay of sexual maturation and the inflammatory changes in the uterus as many of the animals with an endo- or myometritis possessed mature ovaries. The low fertility of the female homozygous "nude" mouse seems, therefore, to be caused not only by an impaired differentiation of the ovary but also by inflammatory processes in the uterus.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Ultrastructure of developing germ cells in the fetal human testis.

Electron microscopic studies of the testis were performed on 12 human embryos and fetuses between 9 and 30 weeks post conceptionem. According to their ultrastructural features, the fetal germ cells could be divided into the following three stages of differentiation: 1) gonocytes, 2) intermediate cells, and 3) fetal spermatogonia. Sertoli cells were present among the germ cells in all the testes studied. The gonocytes showed the highest nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio. Their round nucleus contained a centrally located, prominent nucleolus. The cytoplasm displayed a well developed Golgi apparatus, lipid droplets and parallel arrays of short cisternae of the rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (rER). Microfilaments were numerous, particularly just beneath the cell membrane. The intermediate cells were found to extend several cytoplasmic processes and to contain a moderate number of long, branched and/or widened rER cisterna which were frequently connected to the perinuclear cisterna. Intermediate cells were often connected to one another by intercellular cytoplasmic bridges. The fetal spermatogonia also displayed cytoplasmic bridges. These cells showed the lowest nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio and more condensed nuclear chromatin. The mitochondria were situated close to the nucleus. Many of them were connected by a cementing substance. Lipid droplets and rER cisternae were rare in these cells. Infoldings of the inner nuclear membrane were often present in the gonocytes and in the intermediate cells, but were rarely observed in the fetal spermatogonia. Glycogen particles, polyribosomes, and chromatoid bodies ("nuage") were present in all the three germ cell types. With the maturation of the fetus, the number of gonocytes was found to decrease, whereas the number of fetal spermatogonia increased. The Sertoli cells also changed their ultrastructure, showing an increase in the number of rER cisternae, as well as of microfilaments, lipid droplets, and secondary lysosomes.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

[Histogenesis of the immune system of the "nude" mouse. Postnatal development of the thymus: a light microscopical study (author's transl)].

UNLABELLED: Mice homozygous for the mutation "nude" display a dysgenetic thymus (Pantelouris, 1968). The anterior mediastinum of these animals contains a rudimentary epithelial organ (pantelouris and Hair, 1970), which has been assumed to represent not a maldeveloped thymus, but rather a remnant of the parathyroid gland or of the ultimobranchial body (Wortis et al., 1971). We have investigated the development of the thymus in homo- and heterozygous nude by both light and electron microscopy. This paper describes the light microscopical findings in embryos and fetuses from the 11th up to the 18th day post conceptionem (pc). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Homo- and heterozygous nude (nu/nu + nu/+) mice with the genetic background BALB/c were kept under specific pathogen-free (spf) conditions. Virgin nu/+ females were mated with nu/nu males. In addition, homozygous females were mated with homozygous males in order to investigate 11-day-old homozygous embryos. The embryos and fetuses were fixed in Bouin's solution and embedded in paraffin wax. Serial frontal sections (5mu) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Up to the 12th day pc, the thymus anlage of the n/nu embryo is indistinguishable from that of the nu/+ animal. The paired anlage develops from the epithelium of the ventral and dorsal diverticles of the 3rd pharyngeal pouch, and from the ectodermal vesicula cervicalis. In the nu/+ embryo, the thymic epithelium begins to proliferate between the 12th day and 13th day pc. In the central part of the anlage, the epithelial cells dissociate and begin to form a reticulum. At the same time, blood vessels from the surrounding mesenchyme invade the anlage. From the 14th day onwards, lymphoblasts are recognizable..

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Histogenesis of the immune system of the "nude" mouse. IV. The ultrastructure of the thymus anlage in 12 and 13 days old embryos (author's transl)].

UNLABELLED: The development of the thymus of the heterozygous (nu/+) mouse is indistinguishable from that of "normal" mice (Groscurth and Kistler, 1975). However, previous studies have shown that the thymus anlage of the homozygous (nu/nu) mouse differs significantly from that of its nu/+ counterpart. This morphological deviation becomes detectable by light microscopy during the 13th day post conceptionem (p.c.). It was assumed that, at the ultrastructural level, this maldifferentiation could become manifest at an earlier developmental stage. Therefore, the thymus anlage of 12 and 13 day-old nu/nu and ICR embryos was investigated electron microscopically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The "nude" mice with the genetic background BALB/c were kept under the same conditions as described previously (Groscurth and Kistler, 1975). Mice of the strain ICR were used as controls. Virgin nu/nu females were mated with nu/nu males and the pregnant animals were sacrificed on the 12th of 13th day p. c. The embryos were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in I% OsO4 and embedded in Epon.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Histogenesis of the immune system of the "nude" mouse. II. Postnatal development of the thymus: a light microscopical study (author's transl)].

UNLABELLED: The thymus of the homozygous nude mouse embryo is laid down normally. From the 13th day post conceptionem (pc) onwards, however, a maldevelopment takes place (Groscurth und Kistler, 1974). As a result, the anterior mediastinum of the newborn nu/nu mouse contains a rudimentary epithelial organ which resembles parts of an embryonic exocrine gland. In this paper, the light microscopical findings of the postnatal development of the thymus in homo- and heterozygous nude mice are reported. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Homo- and heterozygous nude (nu/nu and nu/+) mice with the genetic background BALB/c were kept under specific pathogen-free (spf) conditions. Three nu/nu and three nu/+ female mice were sacrificed at the following developmental stages: newborn animal, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 9th as well as 12th week postpartum (pp). The organs were fixed in Bouin's solution and embedded in paraffin wax. Serial sections (5 mu) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The bilobed thymus rudiment of the newborn nu/nu mouse consists of branching ducts. From the 2nd week post partum (pp) onwards, their epithelial cells proliferate. At the same time, some of these cells begin to differentiate into serous and mucous cells. In some parts of the rudiment, they also form thyroid-like follicles. The exocrine cells secrete their products into the lumina of the ducts. As there is no connection between the thymus rudiment and either the epidermis or the digestive tract, an accumulation of secretory products takes place, resulting in a dilatation of the whole duct system. Therefore, the thymus rudiment of the 12-week-old nu/nu mouse consists of a number of communicating cysts which are lined by a flattened epithelium. Cysts lined by an epithelium can also be observed within the thymus of the nu/+ mouse. Two types must be distinguished..

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1975

[Histogenesis of the immune system of the "nude" mouse. III. Postnatal development of lymph nodes and spleen: a light microscopical study (author's transl)].

UNLABELLED: In neonatally thymectomized mice, the intermediate cortical zones of the lymph nodes as well as the central portions of the spleen follicles (=thymus dependent areas, TDA) are depleted of lymphocytes within a few weeks (Parrott et al., 1966). The TDA's in the lymphatic tissues of mice homozygous for the gene "nude" (nu/nu) contain also a very small number of lymphocytes. Since only a few developmental stages of the lymphatic tissues in nude mice have been studied, an investigation of the postnatal differentiation of their lymph nodes and spleen seemed worthwhile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mice (BALB/c) were maintained under specific pathogen-free (spf) conditions. Heterozygous (nu/ plus) females were mated with homozygous (nu/nu) males in order to obtain the homo- and heterozygous offsprings used in this study. Two nu/nu and two nu/ plus female mice were sacrificed at the following postnatal stages: day 1, 7, 14, 21, 35, 42, 49, 63 and 84, respectively. Newborn and 7 day old mice were fixed in toto in Bouin's solution and embedded in paraffin. From the other animals, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes were removed and processed in an identical manner. Serial sections were cut at 5 mum and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. RESULTS: The mesenteric lymph nodes of the nu/ plus mice studied were indistinguishable from those of other mouse strains. In the nu/nu mouse, outer cortex and medulla of the mesenteric lymph nodes were found to develop as in normal (nu/ plus) animals, while the intermediate and deep cortex underwent characteristic changes...

Animals↗