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Biomedical subjects

P Gregor

Publications and source records attributed to P Gregor.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Contralateral asynergy after myocardial infarct].

The purpose of the work was to assess whether during several years of echocardiographic follow-up of patients after myocardial infarction later contralateral asynergy develops (i.e. asynergy of another coronary vessel than that which supplies the area of the infarction) and what are the clinical symptoms associated with its development. In a group of 208 patients followed-up for 1-5 years contralateral asynergy was found in 19 patients (i.e. 9.1%). In 12 patients the development of contralateral asynergy was asymptomatic, in 18 patients significant stenosis or occlusion of the coronary artery which supplied the area of the contralateral asynergy was present. It can thus be concluded from the results that contralateral asynergy develops after myocardial infarction in cca 9% patients and usually its development is asymptomatic. The finding of contralateral asynergy on echocardiographic examination indicates multiple affection of the coronary circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Somatometric characteristics of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathies].

The authors evaluated anthropometric data from 43 men and 17 women aged 20-45 years suffering hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The affected individuals had a higher body weight associated with larger circumferences of trunk and arms, but smaller circumferences of the lower extremities. The deviations could be due to a lower physical activity of the patients and consistent with this, they were recorded only in the subgroup of patients with subjective complaints. Contrary to these findings, after classification of the patients according to the extent of myocardial hypertrophy, higher body weight was found only in patients with mild affection. The difference could be suggestive of a higher mortality of patients with a more severe affection, accompanied simultaneously by overweight or obesity. Of the dimensions of head and face was enlarged only the head circumference in men. The authors recommend to follow-up the height-weight proportionality of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Are there abnormalities of parathormone, calcium and phosphorus metabolism in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?].

The importance of calcium and phosphorus metabolism for the development of hypertrophic cardiomyopathies is still obscure. Therefore 52 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were subjected to detailed cardiological and laboratory examinations. Twenty-five age matched healthy subjects served as controls. The following indicators were assessed: calcium and its ionized fraction, phosphorus, chlorides and magnesium in serum and 24 h urine, as well as AST, ALT, ALP, ACP, urea, creatinine, protein electrophoresis (to check calcium values with regard to serum albumins), endogenous creatinine clearance, Palmer's chloride phosphate index and Nordin's index. In addition to tubular phosphate reabsorption, the renal phosphate threshold was assessed and finally the parathormone blood level by the RIA method. In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy a significant increase of the parathormone level was found--in a total of seven patients with advanced myocardial hypertrophy (more than 30 mm). There were no significant differences in the remaining parameters. It may thus be admitted that in some instances the increased parathormone level may cause an increase of the already existing myocardial hypertrophy. However, in the broad spectrum of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy it is not suited for explaining morphological findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Molecular structure of the chick cerebellar kainate-binding subunit of a putative glutamate receptor.

Kainate receptors mediate some of the excitatory transactions carried out in the central nervous system by the neurotransmitter glutamate. They are involved in neurotoxicity, possibly in neurodegenerative disorders and it has been suggested that they have a role in long-term potentiation. Kainate receptors are present both on neuronal and glial cell membranes where they regulate the gating of a voltage-independent ion channel. Nothing is known about their molecular structure. Taking advantage of the unusually high abundance of 3H-kainate binding sites in the chick cerebellum, we have isolated an oligomeric protein that displays a pharmacological profile similar to that of a kainate receptor, and have demonstrated, using the monoclonal antibody IX-50, that this protein is composed of a single polypeptide of Mr 49,000 which harbours the specific kainate recognition site. The structure of this kainate binding protein (KBP) is also of interest because of its exclusive cerebellar localization on Bergmann glial membrane in close proximity to established glutamatergic synapses. We now report the isolation of the complementary DNA containing the complete coding region of the kainate binding protein. The predicted structure of the mature protein has four putative transmembrane domains with a topology analogous to that found in the superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels. This raises the possibility, that kainate binding protein may form part of an ion channel and may be a subunit of a kainate subtype of glutamate receptor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[Dermatoglyphic analysis of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

Complete dermatoglyphic analysis of the hands in 69 men and 31 women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy revealed only two significant abnormalities. In both sexes the total frequency of double loops on the fingers was increased (table 1) and the main palmar line had a more longitudinal course on the palm with its termination more frequently in area 3, less frequently in area 5 than in both compared controls (table 2). The differences are, however, not marked enough to use them in practice to screen affected individuals in families at risk. No differences were revealed in relation to the severity of the disease and the genealogical situation in the pedigree.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic↗
PubMed1989

[Myocardial infarct. Results and tactics in reperfusion therapy].

In a group comprising a total of 217 patients with a recent myocardial infarction, who were treated with streptokinase the authors provided evidence that early recanalization of the coronary occlusion occurred after superselective intracoronary administration in 81 and 83% of the patients. After intravenous streptokinase administration they recorded early recanalization in 62%. They found a significant diminution of the infarction focus and improved left ventricular function, as compared with patients treated in the "classical" way by antiarrhythmic drugs, beta-blockers and vasodilatating drugs. The follow up of some other indicators is also in favour of significant improvement after thrombolytic treatment--thrombi in the left ventricle, cardiac decompensation, development of an aneurysm, myocardial rupture. Conversely an argument against thrombolytic treatment are more frequent haemorrhagic complications--16%. However, in these complications no deaths were recorded nor the need of an operation or discontinuation of maintenance anticoagulant treatment. In reperfused patients no hospitalization mortality was recorded. Reocclusions occurred most frequently during the first four weeks after treatment and only after intracoronary administration--10%. According to the authors this is due to residual stenoses more serious ones, 75% of the lumen--the higher incidence of reocclusions in significant stenoses is statistically evident. The only prevention of reocclusions is immediate follow up of PTCA after intracoronary thrombolysis. The intravenous administration of streptokinase in myocardial infarctions is according to the authors a safe method and they recommend its use in all coronary units in the CSSR.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1989

[HLA-A, B-antigens and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

21 HLA-A, B-antigens were typed in 82 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and their 17 diseased relatives in 15 families, and their frequency was statistically compared with 300 healthy persons. A statistically significant lower frequency of the HLA-antigen B35 could bei stated (3.66% in contrast to 19.33%). An insignificant occurrence of HLA-B40 and a more frequent occurrence of HLA-Bw22 were statistically significant only before the p-correction. A statistic evaluation was done also in the groups of patients who were subdivided according to the age, the breadth of the ventricular septum and the presence of the obstruction. The importance of the results for the pathogenesis and prognosis of the disease was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Kainyl-bovine serum albumin: a novel ligand of the kainate sub-type of glutamate receptor with a very high binding affinity.

Bovine serum albumin has been conjugated with kainylaminooxyacetylglycine to afford a multivalent kainylated protein called kainyl-bovine serum albumin (KA-BSA). This derivative, radiolabelled with 125I to more than 5000 Ci/mmol, was found to interact in the chick, goldfish and rat brain to specific membranous sites displaying the pharmacological properties attributed to the kainate sub-type of glutamate receptor. Measurements of the kinetics of association and dissociation of KA-BSA showed a quasi-irreversible binding with dissociation constants in the subpicomolar and nanomolar range. The chemical properties and the binding characteristics of KA-BSA suggest that it interacts mainly with kainate binding sites present in clusters in the membrane. Localization of the KA-BSA binding sites, by autoradiography in the chick cerebellum and by immunoperoxidase staining in the goldfish cerebellum, revealed an exclusive association with the molecular layer.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Electrocardiographic changes can precede the development of myocardial hypertrophy in the setting of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

A comparison was made of electrocardiographic findings in 107 first-degree relatives of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy without any clinical and echocardiographic signs of the disease and 188 healthy persons with a negative family history. A significantly larger number of electrocardiographic signs of left ventricular hypertrophy (P less than 0.05) and abnormal Q wave (P less than 0.005) was shown in the group of the relatives. Abnormalities of the R wave in V1-3 and of the ST-T segment were also more frequent in this group, but the difference is not statistically significant. In all, electrocardiographic abnormalities were found in 13 of 107 asymptomatic relatives of the patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. These relatives had normal clinical and echocardiographic findings. These 13 patients underwent long-term follow-up (4.5-8 years). Typical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy developed in two patients (an increase in the myocardial thickness from 6 to 15 m in six years and from 8 to 13 mm in 4.5 years, respectively) which was accompanied by progression of the electrocardiographic findings. Electrocardiography is the only commonly available method which may reveal the latent forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at the stage when neither myocardial hypertrophy nor other signs of the disease are expressed. Longitudinal follow-up is necessary for all the relatives of the patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who have abnormal or borderline electrocardiographic findings. A normal echocardiogram cannot exclude the disease at this stage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Cardiac rhythm disorders in various types of hypertrophic cardiomyopathies.

The aim of the study was to provide a detailed characterization of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who are at increased risk of severe cardiac rhythm disorders and, thus, also sudden death. The group, made up of 64 patients, was subjected to 24-hour ECG Holter monitoring. The patients were examined by echocardiography and myocardial hypertrophy distribution was studied in detail. A significantly higher incidence of severe ventricular arrhythmias was found in patients with hypertrophy involving large areas of the myocardium and with increased myocardial wall thickness. Patients with a positive history of syncopes were found to have a high incidence of severe supraventricular and ventricular cardiac rhythm disorders. No relationship was established between the incidence of arrhythmias and the presence or extent of obstruction. Patients with extensive hypertrophy (both in terms of the area involved and myocardial thickness) as well as those with a history of syncopes represent a risk group as regards the development of potentially lethal arrhythmias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Disorders of heart rhythm in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

In 64 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 24-hour Holter monitoring of the ECG was made in order to detect the incidence of individual disorders of the cardiac rhythm. The examination revealed a large number of potentially malignant ventricular arrhythmias (47% of the patients). Most frequently polytopic ventricular extrasystoles were involved (31.3%), attacks of ventricular tachycardia (20.3%), less frequently bigeminy was recorded (10.9%) and early extrasystoles type R on T (3.1%). As to other disorders of the cardiac rhythm, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia was frequent (34.4%), atrial fibrillation or flutter (9.4%) and more numerous supraventricular extrasystoles (7.8%). Sinoatrial (4.7%) and atrioventricular blocks (7.8%) were relatively rare. Examination of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is an essential prerequisite for the initiation of early and effective treatment which can exert a favourable effect on the subsequent fate of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Relation between disorders of cardiac rhythm to the symptomatology and extent of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

The aim of the work was a more detailed characteristic of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who are threatened by an increased risk of serious disorders of the cardiac rhythm and thus probably also by sudden death. The authors analyzed a group of 64 patients subjected to 24-hour monitoring of the ECG by the Holter system. The patients were subjected to echocardiographic examination and the distribution of the myocardial hypertrophy was described in detail, incl. its extent in per cent of the affected myocardium, the mean thickness of the myocardium (arithmetic mean of the thickness of the left ventricular musculature and septum divided into 10 areas) and the maximum thickness of the heart muscle. The authors found a significantly higher incidence of serious ventricular arrhythmias in patients with an extensive area of the hypertrophy and a greater thickness of the hypertrophic myocardium. In subjects with a positive history of syncopes there was a high incidence of serious supraventricular and ventricular disorders as well as ventricular disorders of the cardiac rhythm. No relationship was found between the incidence of arrhythmias and the presence or size of obstruction. Patients with extensive hypertrophy (i.e. an extensive area of hypertrophy and thickness of the myocardium) and patients with a history of syncopes form thus as regards life-threatening arrhythmias a risk group which after diagnosis should be without delay examined by the Holter system and then treated by medicamentous therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Unstable angina pectoris--pathogenesis and therapy].

Unstable angina pectoris is a clinical syndrome characterized as a rule as rapid deterioration of angina or newly developed angina pectoris. The authors examined 30 patients with unstable angina pectoris who were admitted to hospital within 24 hours after the attack. Coronarography was performed on average after 14.6 hours. In all patients significant coronary stenoses were found. Streptokinase was administered into the coronary artery exhibiting the maximum narrowing in a total dose of 500,000 u. at a rate of 10,000 u/min. After streptokinase administration improvement of the coronarographic finding was recorded in 53% of the group, subjective improvement in 77%. Newly developed angina pectoris exhibited coronarographic improvement in 100%. Deteriorated angina improved coronarographically in 36%, subjective improvement was recorded in 68%. The authors found a significant difference (p less than 0.01) between the group of new anginas and deteriorated anginas following treatment, the coronarographic improvement being in favour of the group of fresh anginas (100% vs. 36%). The authors did not detect a significant difference between the groups when evaluating subjective improvement. In the group of deteriorated anginas more frequently subjective improvement was observed (68%) without detectable coronarographic improvement (36%). The authors verified on their own material that in more than 50% of the patients with sudden deterioration or the development of angina pectoris classified as unstable angina pectoris thrombotic narrowing can be found or even occlusion of the coronary arteries. The authors recommend therefore intravenous streptokinase administration in newly developed angina pectoris. In deterioration of angina pectoris they recommend heparin or possibly streptokinase as the drug of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Isolation, immunochemical characterization and localization of the kainate sub-class of glutamate receptor from chick cerebellum.

The low-affinity kainate binding sites, present at high density in chick cerebellar membranes, were solubilized with Triton X-100 and purified 41-fold. The purified kainate binding sites, therein referred to as the kainate receptor, displayed the expected pharmacological specificity: domoate = kainate much greater than L-glutamate much greater than D-glutamate, quisqualate, N-methyl-D-aspartate. Analysed by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, a single polypeptide with a Mr = 49,000 was observed. Western blots of membranes prepared from different brain areas and animal species were analysed using a monoclonal antibody, named mAb IX-50, raised against the purified kainate receptor. The mAb IX-50 stained the 49,000 polypeptide in chick, goldfish and mammalian brain tissues indicating its conservation during evolution. The staining intensity correlated with the density of kainate binding sites. The mAb IX-50 stained also a 93,000 polypeptide but the latter did not copurify with the 49,000 polypeptide. The kainate binding activity was selectively immunoadsorbed on mAb IX-50 coupled to Sepharose which, upon elution, released a 49,000 polypeptide. The immunohistochemical localization of mAb IX-50 binding sites in the chick cerebellar molecular layer coincided with that of the kainate receptor. We conclude that the 49,000 polypeptide is part of the kainate receptor and carries the kainate recognition site.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Mead Johnson Critical Care Symposium for the Practising Surgeon. 4. Abdominal crisis in the intensive care unit.

Abdominal crises are common in critically ill patients who are admitted to the intensive care unit for problems unrelated to the abdomen. General surgeons may be asked to assess these patients for such reasons as pain, distension, possible sepsis, radiologic or laboratory abnormalities. Since many of the diagnostic signs and symptoms of acute abdomen are blunted or absent in critically ill patients who may be comatose or have been given analgesics or steroids, frequent thorough physical examination and close cooperation with the service admitting the patient are necessary to ensure early diagnosis and aggressive treatment of the abdominal crisis.

Abdomen, Acute↗