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Biomedical subjects

P Grau

Publications and source records attributed to P Grau.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

A license to care.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Emblems and Insignia↗
PubMed1991

Acceleration of wound healing by local application of fibronectin.

The process of wound healing under the influence of locally applied fibronectin, heparin and thrombin was studied in adult rabbits. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, a higher concentration of fibronectin within the wound area was found on the 1st day after fibronectin treatment. The tensile strength of the wounds was tested on the 6th, 9th and 12th day after operation. On the 9th day the tensile strength of the fibronectin-treated wounds was significantly higher than that of the control wounds on the 12th day after operation. The addition of heparin and thrombin, each in combination with fibronectin, did not show any significant effect on wound healing.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Risks associated with an elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein level.

Among 58,187 women tested, 1002 had a maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein measuring greater than or equal to 2.5 multiples of the median after correction for race, weight, and insulin-dependent diabetes. They were stratified into three groups: group 1, 2.5 to 2.9; group 2, 3.0 to 5.0; group 3, greater than or equal to 5.0 multiples of the median. The initial risk of a serious abnormality detected by ultrasonography or amniocentesis was 17% (5%, 12% and 65% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). After correction for twins and dates, this risk became 23% (7%, 18%, and 71% in groups, 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Among the women with high maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels, 556 (77%) had normal ultrasonographic and amniocentesis studies, and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome ws 27% (19%, 29%, and 70% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). There was a statistically significant increase in late fetal and perinatal death, prematurity and growth retardation, oligohydramnios, abruptio placentae, preeclampsia, and congenital abnormalities. The overall risk for abnormality or adverse outcome was 24% in group 1, 41% in group 2, and 91% in group 3.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1990

Elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein after multifetal pregnancy reduction.

Forty patients underwent fetal reduction at approximately 12 weeks' gestation for multiple pregnancy. Twenty-two had maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) determinations and all but one was elevated, with a mean value of 9.41 multiples of the median (MOM). A total of 53 amniotic fluid specimens were evaluated for AFP; 25% were elevated above 2.0 MOM and one sample was positive for acetylcholinesterase. None of these elevations were associated with a neural tube defect, although two neural tube defects were detected by other means. Routine MSAFP is not recommended for patients with multifetal pregnancy reduction.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1989

Pregnancy outcomes after increasing maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels.

Five hundred sixty women among 35,787 screened had an initial maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) of 2.5 or more multiples of the median. They were divided into three groups: group 1, 2.5-2.9; group 2, 3.0-3.9; and group 3, over 4.0 multiples of the median. These groupings determined the relationship to adverse pregnancy outcome, defined as fetal death, fetus with significant anomalies, and prematurity/growth retardation. The overall risk of adverse outcome after an initial elevation was 38%, after excluding pregnancies with incorrect dates or multiple gestations with levels below 4.5 multiples of the median: 27, 39, and 45% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. This risk rose to 86% for levels over 6.0 multiples of the median. There was a significant positive correlation between abnormalities and death detected with ultrasound and amniocentesis and those indicated by increasing MSAFP levels: 10, 20, and 31% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. After normal ultrasound and amniocentesis studies, there was a trend toward increasing risks for fetal death after 20 weeks between groups 2 and 3 (5 and 11%), but not for growth retardation/prematurity (12, 17, and 13%). After an elevated MSAFP, the overall risk of a late pregnancy complication after normal ultrasound and amniocentesis was 22%: 19, 23, and 25% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. This figure increased to 67% for levels above 6.0 multiples of the median.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1989

Renal effects of vanadate in rats.

In conscious rats, administration of vanadate is followed by a distinct and statistically significant diuretic effect. The increase in renal excretion of sodium dominates in comparison with other electrolytes. After i.p. administration vanadate is effective for 30 to 60 min. In anesthetized rats an excessive saline load and i.v. administration of vanadate do not prolong the renal effectiveness of vanadate. A long lasting diuretic effect is measurable during a constant infusion of vanadate. p-Aminohippurate transport in renal cortical slices can be inhibited by adding vanadate to the incubation medium. Vanadate administered in vivo in diuretically effective doses influences the p-aminohippurate transport in consectively prepared renal cortical slices. A 50% inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase can be provoked by i.p. administration of 0.6 mg vanadate/100 g b.m. whereas the maximal increase in renal excretion of sodium is measurable following 0.5 mg vanadate/100 g b.m.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Renal effects of vanadate in rats of different ages.

Both in conscious and in anesthetized rats the degree of increase in renal excretion of sodium following vanadate administration is nearly the same in adult and young rats. Remarkably, in anesthetized rats i.v. administered vanadate (0.2 mg/100 g b.m.) acts distinctly longer in 20-day-old rats compared with adults. Likely, age dependent differences in inactivation of vanadate exist. The degree of inhibition of Na+/K(+)-ATPase by vanadate is lower in young than in adult rats. Vanadate has no distinct effect on renal tubular transport of p-aminohippurate in rats of different ages.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

The thermodynamic behaviour of labial gingiva in patients with destructive periodontal disease.

The temperature changes of the labial gingiva and mucosa of the maxillary incisor regions were investigated using computer-assisted thermography. 9 patients with destructive periodontal disease (7 female and 2 male, aged between 12 and 33 years, undergoing periodontal treatment for periods varying from 6 months to 12 years) and 10 volunteers with clinically normal periodontia (6 female and 4 male, aged between 19 and 26 years) took part in this study. The gingivae and mucosae were initially cooled using a homogeneous flow of air (15 l/min at 15 degrees C) for 3 min. 20 s after the cooling phase, temperature increases of these soft tissues were sequentially recorded using 48 thermograms per person. This procedure was repeated 4 times for each person examined. The weighted mean of the time constants of the tissue re-warming curves was significantly higher (p less than 0.025) for the periodontitis group (152 +/- 6 s) compared to the clinically healthy group (110 +/- 9 s). The different thermodynamic behaviour between the 2 groups studied indicated differences in the blood-flow and/or its regulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Use of the ball-dent method to determine the firmness of cervical vertebra spongiosa].

The check of mechanical indexes of vertebrae spongiosa is showed on the example of vertebral bodies C3 and C4. We make a new method to a subject for discussion after the statement of foundations for the one-axial resistance attempt. The mechanical indexes of macerate as well as fresh spongiosa is be able to find out with the so-called ball dent method.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Physical properties of fluorosis bone.

The bones of two patients, one with a moderate and one with a severe chronic industrial fluorosis (stage I-II and stage III), and the bones of three control persons were examined. The following parameters were determined: the fracture load, the fracture load/unit area (resistance to pressure) of the body of the first lumbar vertebra, the bending strength of the neck of the femur and of the lower third of the femur, the fracture load/unit area and the modulus of elasticity of femoral slices 2 cm thick and of precisely defined cylinders from the femoral cortex. The microhardness according to Vickers on the cross section of the femur was also determined. The results obtained are discussed with regard to fluoride therapy of osteoporosis.

Bone and Bones↗