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Biomedical subjects

P Gras

Publications and source records attributed to P Gras.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages in young patients. Study of 33 cases].

We report 33 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients aged from to 9/44 years (male: 20, female: 13, mean age: 32.5 years). ICH was due to vascular malformations in 39 p. 100 of cases, to arterial hypertension in 30% and to various causes in 18% no cause could be found in 13% of the cases. ICH was lobar in 64%, deep in 33% and infratentorial in 3% of the cases. The diagnosis was assessed by arteriography in 9 patients. The vascular malformations were arterial angiomas, saccular aneurysms and cavernous angiomas. Death rate was 24%. There was a fast ICH handicap in 40% of cases. Only 36% of the patients were not disabled.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1991

[Aneurysm rupture and cocaine addiction].

We describe a new case in which cocaine use was related to stroke and review the literature. Cocaine is increasingly used by drug addicts. The neurological complications are unpredictable. They include generalized or partial epileptic seizures, ischaemic or haemorrhagic cerebral vascular accident. In this case, stroke after intravenous drug injection is associated with rupture of an intra-cranial aneurysm. We put the accent on the difficulties to diagnose the cerebral stroke in cocaine abusers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Natural history of lacunar syndromes. Contribution of the Dijon registry of cerebrovascular complications].

In a consecutive series of 984 first-ever strokes (from 1985 to 1989) in a population based study, 165 (16.7%) had lacunar infarction confirmed by CT-scan or M.R.I. The annual incidence was 35.6/100,000 in women, and 47.8/100,000 in men. Survival rates were 90% at 1 month, and 78% at 2 years. The rate of recurrent strokes was 11% at 2 years. The natural history of lacunar infarction could be drawn in this study which was population-based; 29% of lacunar infarctions are indeed not managed in hospitals. Lacunar infarctions should be identified as such in therapeutic trials since their course is clearly different from other types of strokes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Identification of temporal epileptic seizures using percutaneous sphenoidal electrodes].

The authors have evaluated the indications, methods and results of sphenoidal electrodes in epilepsy. This method makes it possible to study the hippocampal area which cannot be studied by extracranial electrodes. It also localizes in a temporal lobe complex seizures without electrical events, or complex seizures giving bilateral temporal spikes or a fronto-temporal focus of spikes. It may even show evidence of temporal focus in cases with bilateral and synchronous spikes. Thus, sphenoidal electrodes enable temporal seizures to be identified and localized, leading to more specific neuroradiological explorations and therefore helping in the selection of patients for specific surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Value of sphenoidal electrodes in the EEG diagnosis of herpes encephalitis].

EEG features in acute necrotizing encephalitis show periodic activity, localized in the temporal area with a slow background activity. Nevertheless, this periodic activity is transient and may lack. Sphenoidal electrodes study of the internal face of the temporal lobe could record such activity in herpes encephalitis. Sphenoidal electrodes were inserted in 4 patients known to have herpes encephalitis. In 2 cases, periodic discharges were observed both on the surface and sphenoidal electrodes, while in 2 cases, periodic discharge was observed under only sphenoidal electrodes. Faced with uncertain diagnosis of herpes encephalitis, it may be useful to insert sphenoidal electrodes to record deep periodic discharges, not seen on surface electrodes, in order to confirm the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[The gaze and functional hemispheric activation in normal subjects].

The aim of this work was to determine whether the study of lateral and vertical conjugated eye movement could serve as an indicator of the functional hemispheric activation. Questions of vocabulary, calculation, logic (V.C.L.) and visuo-spatial instructions, as well as music-listening (V.S.M.), were proposed to 60 control subjects (21 men, 39 women). They were divided in 4 groups of 15 according to their laterality (complete right handed, incomplete right handed, ambidextrous, left handed). Eye movements were recorded using a video system. Deviations of the eyes towards the right and left, upwards and downwards, as well as episodes of staring were noted. Concerning V.C.L. questions, there was a significant correlation between conjugated lateral eye movements and the contralateral hemisphere activation. The study of vertical eye movements revealed a correlation only in complete right-handed and left-handed subjects: deviation upwards during the left hemisphere activation, and downwards during the right hemisphere activation. This pattern of response was no longer found during V.S.M. questions which, in the 4 groups, evoked staring episodes in 56 to 72 per cent of the cases. The negative emotional stimuli (emotional words, non verbal stimuli, stressful situations) evoked preferentially, but independently of laterality, deviations towards the left and downwards in favor of the right hemisphere activation. This method of observation of eye movements seems therefore of significant interest in Neuropsychology, provided that methodologic rules are rigorously respected.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early seizures after acute stroke: a study of 1,640 cases.

We evaluated prospectively the occurrence of seizures within 15 days of a first stroke or transient ischemic episode in 1,640 patients to study relation between seizures and type of stroke. Seizures occurred in 90 patients (5.4%), including 36 (4.4%) of 814 with infarct owing to atheroma, 21 (16.6%) of 126 with infarct owing to cardiogenic embolus, 3 (1%) of 273 owing to lacunar infarct, 5 (1.9%) of 259 owing to transient ischemic attack (TIA), 21 (16.2%) of 129 owing to supratentorial hematoma, and 4 (16.6%) of 24 owing to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Thirteen (14.6%) of 89 subcortical infarcts were associated with seizures. Seizures were the initial sign of stroke in 80 (89%) of 90 cases and were usually single and partial. Seizure symptoms were most often motor, sensory, or visual.

Aged↗