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Biomedical subjects

P Gorman

Publications and source records attributed to P Gorman.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Monosomy 7 and Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: cytogenetic and molecular aspects.

A combination of monosomy 7 and translocation t(9;22) (q34;q11), rarely observed in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), is here reported: a peculiarity of this case was that the "breakpoint cluster region" on chromosome 22 was not rearranged, as demonstrated by molecular analysis, and a new c-abl protein (p190) was found, instead of the usual p210 protein usually associated with the Ph chromosome; moreover a rearrangement of c-abl oncogene was found. The clinical course of this patient was, as expected, unfavorable: a few normal metaphases were observed during a short partial remission.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The role of intravenous digital subtraction angiography as an adjunct to computed tomography in the preoperative assessment of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm.

The purpose of this article is to determine the role of intravenous digital subtraction angiography (IV-DSA) as an adjunct to computed tomography (CT) in the preoperative evaluation of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Sixty-six patients underwent IV-DSA as well as CT during a 2-year period. Sixty-four of the 66 patients underwent abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. The results of the 66 patients were analyzed to assess what additional information was obtained by IV-DSA concerning aneurysm size, vascular anomalies, visceral arterial anatomy, associated aneurysmal disease, and iliofemoral and distal occlusive disease. On the basis of this study, it is suggested that IV-DSA has a limited role in the preoperative evaluation of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The human placental alkaline phosphatase gene and related sequences map to chromosome 2 band q37.

A human placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) cDNA was isolated from a lambda gt 10 library of the cell line HEp-2. Southern blots probed with a fragment of the cDNA clone showed that the human genome may contain more than one PLAP-related sequence. The PLAP probe showed person-to-person variation in banding pattern with a number of enzymes. Using a panel of human/rodent somatic cell hybrids the PLAP sequences were mapped to chromosome 2. In situ hybridization confirmed this assignment and localized the gene(s) to chromosome 2 band q37.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Midline and off-midline tongue and right- and left-hand vibrotactile thresholds of stutterers and normal-speaking individuals.

Vibrotactile thresholds for 7 male stutterers and 7 normal-speaking men (age range for both groups = 19 to 32 yr.) were obtained from the right, midline, and left sides of the lingual dorsum, and the thenar eminences of both hands. The stutterers showed slightly higher (less sensitive) mean thresholds than the normal speakers for all three lingual test sites. This was not the case for the thresholds obtained from both hands. The preliminary data suggest that oral peripheral sensory integrity might be somewhat different for stutterers than for normal-speaking individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of long-term moderate physical exercise on plasma lipoproteins. The National Exercise and Heart Disease Project.

As part of the National Exercise and Heart Disease Project, 223 postcoronary men, aged 30 to 64, were randomly assigned to moderate exercise or control groups. Levels of total plasma cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured. At baseline, alcohol intake, weight, and skin-fold thickness but not treadmill work capacity correlated with triglyceride or HDL cholesterol levels. After one year, no clinically important change in lipid levels was observed in either group. Using multiple regression analysis of the combined groups, changes in several independent variables, including work capacity change, were not predictive of changes in lipid levels. Thus, changes in levels of fitness and/or regular exercise did not substantially influence HDL cholesterol or other lipid levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A matched-pair control study of postrenal transplant polycythemia.

Polycythemia developed in 18 of 133 first kidney allograft recipients (13.5%) with onset from the third month to the fifth year posttransplantation. A group of matched nonpolycythemic patients were used as case controls to compare multiple variables in order to identify predisposing factors. In the polycythemia group, there were: (1) significantly more patients who had not undergone pretransplant nephrectomy; (2) significantly more patients who had glomerulonephritis as original disease; (3) significantly more patients who had received pretransplant transfusions; and (4) significantly more patients who were hypertensive posttransplant. Thus, the factors of the presence of native kidneys, original disease, pretransplant transfusions as well as hypertension posttransplant are factors associated with the presence of posttransplant polycythemia. This condition is usually self-limiting and benign.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary care management of common dermatologic disorders in women. Pharmacologic considerations.

This article describes the clinical management of dermatologic disorders most commonly encountered in the primary care setting. The common presenting clinical signs and symptoms are reviewed, and the initial laboratory tests that may establish the diagnosis are recommended. Pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments are reviewed. Diagnosis and management of disorders of the sebaceous and apocrine glands, disorders of the hair and pigmentation, fungal, viral, and bacterial infections, dermatitis, and infestations are discussed. A review of the care of skin burns and wounds is included as well as the diagnosis and management of urticaria.

Antiparasitic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Localization of the gene for familial adenomatous polyposis on chromosome 5.

Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in the United Kingdom and other developed countries in the West. Although it is usually not familial, there is a rare dominantly inherited susceptibility to colon cancer, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP; also often previously called familial polyposis coli). During adolescence affected individuals develop from a few hundred to over a thousand adenomatous polyps in their large bowel. These are sufficiently likely to give rise to adenocarcinomas to make prophylactic removal of the colon usual in diagnosed FAP individuals. Adenomas may occur elsewhere in the gastrointestinal tract and the condition is often associated with other extracolonic lesions, such as epidermoid cysts, jaw osteomata and fibrous desmoid tumours. Adenomata have been suggested to be precancerous states for most colorectal tumours. Knudson has suggested that the mutation for a dominantly inherited cancer susceptibility may be the first step in a recessive change in the tumour cells, and that the same gene may be involved in both familial and non-familial cases of a given tumour. Following up a case report of an interstitial deletion of chromosome 5 in a mentally retarded individual with multiple developmental abnormalities and FAP, we have now shown that the FAP gene is on chromosome 5, most probably near bands 5q21-q22.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impact of steady-state and exercise modality on estimating oxygen consumption in men with and without coronary artery disease.

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of steady-state on the ability of 15 men with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 13 men without CAD disease (non-CAD) to reach a rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) relative to population norms during treadmill and cycle ergometry exercise testing. METHODS: Subjects completed a maximal graded exercise test on the treadmill and cycle ergometry involving 3-minute stages and a submaximal exercise test involving 6-minute stages to 80% of maximal effort. Estimates of VO2 were derived from commonly cited clinical estimation equations. RESULTS: Only the Foster equation accurately estimated maximal VO2 during a treadmill graded exercise test in patients with CAD. However, each of cited clinical equations accurately estimated maximal VO2 during a treadmill graded exercise test in the non-CAD group. No equation accurately estimated VO2 at submaximal efforts during treadmill exercise for either group. Cycle ergometry estimation equations accurately estimated VO2 in both groups at maximal effort, but were inconsistent at submaximal efforts. Both the CAD and the non-CAD group reached steady-state VO2 within 3 minutes, at submaximal workloads. CONCLUSIONS: The inability to attain an expected VO2 during exercise did not seem related to steady-state VO2 because both CAD and non-CAD groups readily reached steady-state VO2, though the estimation of VO2 remained inaccurate for most treadmill estimation equations. Because VO2 was accurately estimated for cycle ergometry exercise, estimation accuracy seems to be influenced by exercise modality.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidural vs. intramuscular oxymorphone analgesia after thoracotomy in dogs.

Oxymorphone was administered epidurally (0.1 mg/kg) or intramuscularly (IM) (0.2 mg/kg) to 16 dogs undergoing thoracotomy, to compare the analgesic effectiveness. Heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and pain score were measured hourly. Arterial blood gases were measured at hour 1. A single dose of oxymorphone injected epidurally provided analgesia for up to 10 hours, whereas the IM route provided a comparable effect for less than 2 hours. There were statistically significant increases in heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures at hour 2 in the dogs treated IM over the dogs treated epidurally. We conclude that epidurally administered oxymorphone is highly effective in alleviating pain after thoracotomy in dogs and provides longer lasting analgesia than the IM route.

Analgesia, Epidural↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical decision support systems for the practice of evidence-based medicine.

BACKGROUND: The use of clinical decision support systems to facilitate the practice of evidence-based medicine promises to substantially improve health care quality. OBJECTIVE: To describe, on the basis of the proceedings of the Evidence and Decision Support track at the 2000 AMIA Spring Symposium, the research and policy challenges for capturing research and practice-based evidence in machine-interpretable repositories, and to present recommendations for accelerating the development and adoption of clinical decision support systems for evidence-based medicine. RESULTS: The recommendations fall into five broad areas--capture literature-based and practice-based evidence in machine--interpretable knowledge bases; develop maintainable technical and methodological foundations for computer-based decision support; evaluate the clinical effects and costs of clinical decision support systems and the ways clinical decision support systems affect and are affected by professional and organizational practices; identify and disseminate best practices for work flow-sensitive implementations of clinical decision support systems; and establish public policies that provide incentives for implementing clinical decision support systems to improve health care quality. CONCLUSIONS: Although the promise of clinical decision support system-facilitated evidence-based medicine is strong, substantial work remains to be done to realize the potential benefits.

Decision Support Systems, Clinical↗