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Biomedical subjects

P Goldfarb

Publications and source records attributed to P Goldfarb.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Molecular cloning and expression of a cDNA for human kidney cysteine conjugate beta-lyase.

Kidney cysteine conjugate beta-lyase (glutamine transaminase K, kyneurenine aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.64) metabolises the cysteine conjugates of certain halogenated alkenes and alkanes to form reactive metabolites which can produce nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity in experimental animals and man. Using a combination of hybridisation screening and PCR techniques we have isolated a full-length cDNA for human kidney cysteine conjugate beta-lyase. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with that of the rat enzyme indicated an 82% overall similarity, with 90% similarity around the pyridoxal phosphate binding site, many of the changes being conservative in nature. Expression of the cDNA in Cos-1 cells resulted in the production of a cytosolic enzyme which showed both cysteine conjugate beta-lyase and glutamine transminase K activity. Preliminary mapping of the gene for human cysteine conjugate beta-lyase by PCR analysis of genomic DNA from human-rodent hybrid cells indicated that it is located on human chromosome 9.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Doppelganger.

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Animals↗
PubMed1986

The structure of the mouse glutathione peroxidase gene: the selenocysteine in the active site is encoded by the 'termination' codon, TGA.

Glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) is an important selenium-containing enzyme which protects cells from peroxide damage and also has a role in leukotriene formation. We report the identification of a genomic recombinant as encoding the entire mouse GSHPx gene. Surprisingly, the selenocysteine in the active site of the enzyme is encoded by TGA: this has been confirmed by primer extension/dideoxy sequencing experiments using reticulocyte mRNA. The same site of transcription initiation is used in three tissues in which the GSHPx mRNA is expressed at high levels (erythroblast, liver and kidney). Like some other regulated 'house-keeping' genes, the GSHPx gene has Sp1 binding site consensus sequences but no 'ATA' and 'CAAT' consensus sequences upstream of the transcription initiation site. Moreover, there is a cluster of two Sp1 binding site consensus sequences and two SV40 core enhancer sequences in the 3' region of the gene, close to the previously mapped position of a DNase I-hypersensitive site found only in tissues expressing the GSHPx mRNA at high levels.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Aesthetic aspects of composite oromandibular cancer resection and reconstruction.

Disfigurement after oromandibular cancer surgery is as much feared as the tumor itself. A deviated jaw, collapsed neck and muffled speech are external markers that may prevent normal life. Yet such stigmata are not necessary. For two years we have used an immediate reconstruction that avoids these problems. In 12 patients we used a pectoralis musculocutaneous flap plus a stainless steel shaped bridging bone plate placed under or through the flap. The flap reconstructs the floor of the mouth, while the bridging bone plate preserves mandibular continuity. A McFee incision avoids vertical scarring, and the muscle pedicle duplicates the missing neck contents. Meticulous lip closure completes the procedure, which often does not necessitate tracheotomy scarring. Our patients have maintained a highly satisfactory appearance of face and jaw, with normal swallowing and clear speech. In treatment of oromandibular cancer, aesthetic considerations are essential.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1981

Inducibility of spleen focus-forming virus by BrdUrd is controlled by the differentiated state of the cell.

All Friend cells--except thymidine kinase (ATP:thymidine 5'-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.21)-deficient mutants--are highly inducible for the release of biologically active spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) after exposure to BrdUrd. We studied SFFV production in somatic cell hybrids made between Friend leukemia cells (FLC) and cells expressing various differentiation programs. High inducibility of SFFV and release of constitutive Friend virus (FV) and SFFV are eliminated in all hybrids in which the potential for erythroid differentiation is suppressed. FV release and its induction by BrdUrd are unchanged in hybrids that maintain the expression of erythroid differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A clinical and experimental investigation of occult injuries of the pelvic ring.

Apparently isolated fractures of the pubic rami must be associated with damage elsewhere in the pelvic ring. In a clinical review of 20 patients it was demonstrated that radiographic evidence of isolated fractures of the pubic rami was associated with the increased uptake of technetium polyphosphate on bone scans in either the sacroiliac joints or the acetabulum. The nature of the injury causing increased uptake was evaluated by means of an experimental study creating pelvic injuries in rabbits. Radiographs, bone scans, autoradiographs and histological sections of the pelves of these animals all showed evidence of microavulsion fractures of the subchondral bone mediated through the sacroiliac ligaments and Sharpey's fibres. The associated injuries account for the clinical picture in patients who complain of pain in the hip and sacroiliac region following fractures of the pubic rami. The clinical and radiographic evidence presented clearly demonstrates that an injury at one site in the pelvic ring must be associated with another on the other side of the ring. Furthermore, the technique developed for autoradiography of the animal pelves provides a new and useful tool for further study of injury to bones and ligaments.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A host range difference between herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.

The infectivities of several strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 were measured by plating on established human and Chinese hamster cell lines. Whereas all the type 1 strains reproducibly showed a 10(4)-fold lower titre on the Chinese hamster cells, the type 2 strains showed only a 10- to 100-fold lower titre. This host range difference has been used in the analysis of recombinants between type 1 and type 2 viruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

De novo Kaposi's sarcoma in renal transplantation. Case report and brief review.

This report describes a de novo development of Kaposi's sarcoma in a Puerto-Rician man 9 months after a cadaveric renal transplant. Progression of the disease was observed despite local irradiation, while the patient remained immunosuppressed with prednisone and azathioprine. This was accompanied by depressed immunologic tests. Discontinuation of azathioprine and addition of chemotherapy (bleomycin and vincristine), while continuing prednisone to maintain functional survival of renal allograft, has led in this patient to regression of extensive cutaneous and suspected pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. The possible importance of a depressed immunosurveillance mechanism and activation of latent oncogenic virus by the presence of an allograft in the de novo appearance of Kaposi's sarcoma in transplant recipients is briefly discussed.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Altered lymphocyte response in adjuvant-induced arthritis.

Evaluation of lymphocyte response has been undertaken in adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Lymphocyte reactivity was studied by evaluating lymphocyte transformation in mixed lymphocyte-chondrocyte cultures as well as the response to PHA and M. tuberculosis. It was found that animals immunized with Freund's complete adjuvant showed increased transformation when challenged with M. tuberculosis powder. However, there was a depressed response to PHA and a markedly depressed response in mixed lymphocyte-chondrocyte cultures.

Animals↗