[Recurrent plate atelectasis. Apropos of a case].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Dyspnea↗
Biomedical subjects
P Gilbert
Publications and source records attributed to P Gilbert.
[Anthropological research method. Cultural construction of the menopausal syndrome: the Japanese case].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Anthropology, Cultural↗
Successive histochemical differentiation steps during postnatal development of the collecting duct in rabbit kidney.
Immunohistochemical experiments with monoclonal antibodies (mabs) on the kidney of neonatal rabbits revealed that the primary expression of collecting duct typic structures does not occur in a continuous and parallel, but in a subsequent developmental process. Only mabs RCT-30 A, and CD 4-V revealed immunoreactivity at the ontogenetically oldest parts of the collecting duct, the ampullae, while the other used markers (CD 1-3, CD 5-V, RCT-30 and RMCX) did not. In contrast, all of the tested antibodies showed positive reactions at the medullary and cortical collecting duct of the neonatal kidney as well as of the adult kidney. Additional incubations with wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA) a marker of terminal-differentiated collecting duct cells demonstrated weak-labelled ampulla cells beside intensively labelled ampullary neck and medullary collecting duct cells. With peanut agglutinin (PNA) labelling a 3 step transition could be illuminated: weak-labelled ampulla cells were found beside continuously bright labelled ampullary neck cells and finally a punctuate pattern downwards to the papilla. If the ampullary neck is the zone of proliferation, our findings of WGA- and PNA-co-labelling in this zone indicate, that in early developmental stages characteristic structures of different mature cells, probably principal and intercalated cells, are co-expressed within one single cell type. Thus intercalated cells might derive from principal cells.
Animals↗
Venous surgery in erectile dysfunction: a critical report on 116 patients.
From June, 1985, to December, 1987, we operated on 116 impotent patients suffering from venous incompetence of the cavernous bodies. A total of 115 patients underwent ligation of the deep dorsal vein of the penis. After a mean follow-up of 12.9 months, 67 patients (58.3%) were still able to obtain satisfactory erections. In 39 cases (33.9%), however, adjuvant corpus cavernosum autoinjection therapy was necessary. Eleven patients were submitted to spongiosolysis after ligation of the deep dorsal penile vein because of a distal venous leakage, consisting of venous shunts between the corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum. After a mean follow-up of 14.2 months, 9 patients (81.8%) reported excellent penile rigidity; 5 of these patients, however, needed corpus cavernosum autoinjection therapy to maintain erectile function. One patient with ectopic veins emerging from the right crus of the penis was operated on successfully from a perineal approach. Serious complications did not occur in any of the patients. Despite the recurrence rate of 13 percent, venous surgery is an effective treatment for most patients concerned and offers a more physiologic erectile function than can be achieved by implantation of a penile prosthesis.
Adult↗
Detection of human autoantibody against intercalated cells of kidney-collecting tubule.
Serum from a 24-year-old woman with a history of habitual abortions was examined for autoantibodies by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Fluorochrome-labelled antibodies to IgG revealed cytoplasmic staining of single cells in rat kidney collecting and connecting tubules. An identical staining pattern was reproducibly obtained in human and rabbit kidney, pointing to a cytoplasmic antigen concentrated in the apical pole of these cells. Lectin-binding histochemistry and immunohistochemical experiments using markers for different cell populations of the renal collecting tubule by double immunofluorescence technique, identified the cells recognized by the autoantibody as intercalated cells (ICC). Remarkably, this autoantibody reacted with a different antigen from those described to date in ICC, as evidenced by distribution and intracellular localization. The pattern of immunostaining suggests that all ICC are recognized in total rather than only one subpopulation. The connection between habitual abortions and this novel autoantibody are discussed.
Abortion, Habitual↗
A comparative study of the bactericidal and growth inhibitory activities of the bisbiguanides alexidine and chlorhexidine.
A comparative study of the growth inhibitory and bactericidal activities of two related bisbiguanide antiseptics, alexidine and chorhexidine is reported. Whilst overall bactericidal activities and MICs were similar, alexidine was more rapid in its action and it is suggested that (1) it might possess additional targets at the cell envelope to chlorhexidine, and (2) the nature of the interaction at the cytoplasmic membrane for the two compounds differs.
Adsorption↗
Interaction of the bisbiguanides chlorhexidine and alexidine with phospholipid vesicles: evidence for separate modes of action.
Strains of Providencia stuartii with demonstrated resistance towards chlorhexidine did not show such resistance towards either of the related biguanide antiseptics, alexidine or vantocil. Alexidine promoted a significantly faster alteration in the permeability of Escherichia coli cell membranes towards various metal cations than chlorhexidine. Differential thermal analysis of various mixed lipid vesicles and pure phospholipid vesicles showed alexidine to share with vantocil the property of producing lipid phase separation and domain formation. It is suggested that the nature of the end-group on the biguanides affects the ability to produce lipid domains in cell membranes and this this might, in turn, affect activity and resistance patterns observed.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Growth rate control of adherent bacterial populations.
We report a novel in vitro method which, through application of appropriate nutrient limitations, enables growth rate control of adherent bacterial populations. Exponentially growing cells are collected by pressure filtration onto cellulose acetate membranes. Following inversion into the bases of modified fermentors, membranes and bacteria are perfused with fresh medium. Newly formed and loosely attached cells are eluted with spent medium. Steady-state conditions (dependent upon the medium flow rate) at which the adherent bacterial biomass is constant and proportional to the limiting nutrient concentrations are rapidly achieved, and within limits, the growth rate is proportional to the medium flow rate. Scanning electron microscopic studies showed that such populations consist of individual cells embedded within an extracellular polymer matrix.
Bacterial Adhesion↗
Gardnerella vaginalis bacteremia from pulmonary abscess in a male alcohol abuser.
A case of Gardnerella vaginalis bacteremia is reported. This bacteremia occurred in a male alcohol abuser who developed definite signs of pulmonary abscess and empyema. Streptococcus milleri grew from another blood culture, but Gardnerella vaginalis was also isolated from a bronchoscopic aspirate and pleural drainage sample as part of mixed flora containing anaerobes, Streptococcus species, Neisseria sicca, and a Haemophilus sp. We discuss the possible pathogenic character of G. vaginalis outside the genital tract from a review of the literature.
Adult↗
Clinical efficacy of ofloxacin (tarivid) in patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis: preliminary results.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
[Loeffler's syndrome versus Carrington's disease: sometimes a difficult differential diagnosis].
One clinical observation gives the opportunity of reviewing the clinical, radiological, physiological and pathological aspects of two idiopathic eosinophilic lung diseases: Löffler's syndrome and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (Carrington). The authors catch the eye on the difficulty in making sometimes differential diagnosis between the two diseases.
Adult↗
The expression of specific proteins in cultured renal collecting duct cells.
It is still uncertain whether cell cultures attain the functional maturity of corresponding in vivo cells. The degree of differentiation of cultured collecting-duct (CD) epithelium cells was therefore examined using immunohistochemical procedures. Three monoclonal antibodies (mabs CD1, CD2, and CD3) were raised against proteins (PCD) isolated from the renal papilla. At Western-blot analysis, each of these antibodies reacted with a specific protein that was distinguishable according to its molecular weight [PCD1, 190 kilodaltons (kDa); PCD2, 210 kDa; PCD3, 50 kDa]. Using immunofluorescence, these proteins were found to be localized exclusively in the renal CD system. Other renal structures, such as the proximal or distal tubular portions, the glomeruli and the interstitial network, were not reactive. The mabs, CD2 and CD3, labeled both the cortical and medullary CD in a uniform way, whereas mab CD1 produced heterogeneous immunolabeling along the length of the cortical, medullary, and papillary CD. As revealed by immunohistochemistry, the mabs revealed differences with respect to the expression of the specific renal proteins in cultured CD cells. In polar-differentiated epithelium cultured for 5 days on a specific renal support, mab CD1 was unreactive, whereas mabs CD2 and CD3 were positive. This demonstrated the biochemical immaturity of this cultured epithelium with respect to CD1 reactivity. In morphologically dedifferentiated CD monolayer cells grown on the bottom of a culture dish, only a weak reaction for mab CD3 was observed. The loss of epithelial polarization in CD monolayer cells obviously coincides with the absence of the renal proteins PCD1 and PCD2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Cultural construction of the menopausal syndrome: the Japanese case.
Europe and North America have been the focus of most research on the menopause and its symptoms. In this study, in the course of in-depth interviews Japanese physicians and women were asked to describe the menopausal experience. A cross-sectional survey concerning women and their health at midlife was then distributed to 1738 women. The analysis in this paper is based on the replies received from 1141 non-hysterectomized women aged 45-55. Factor analysis was used to group the symptoms these women had experienced in the previous 2 wk. After constructing an index based on the factor scores, one-way analysis of variance was used to examine the relationship between symptom experience and the epidemiological menopausal status as well as the self-defined menopausal status. Symptom experience was always significantly related to self-defined menopausal status.
Attitude to Health↗
Researching the symptoms of menopause: an exercise in methodology.
This paper deals with the methodological problems involved in the measurement of physical and psychological morbidity among menopausal women. A sample of 477 women were interviewed six times over a 3-yr period. In addition to questions about their menstrual status, the women were asked at each interview to complete a checklist of physical, menopausal, and psychological symptoms. Factor analysis was performed on the symptom experience to determine if symptoms could be grouped together in ways which would demonstrate clinically useful constructs and be stable over time. One-way analysis of variance showed a significant relationship only between the vasomotor symptoms and menopausal status.
Adult↗
Resistance of bacterial biofilms to antibiotics: a growth-rate related effect?
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Immediate internal fixation of open ankle fractures.
Seventy-six consecutive displaced open ankle fractures were treated by immediate internal fixation between 1983 and 1986 at Los Angeles County University of Southern California Medical Center. Sixty-two patients were available for clinical and radiological examination at an average of 16.4 months post-fixation. Seventy-two percent of the patients had a satisfactory result. Poor results (20%) were most commonly due to non-anatomic reductions, articular surface damage, or deep infection. Deep infection occurred in 5% of the patients while 8% required late ankle arthrodesis. We believe immediate internal fixation is the treatment of choice for displaced open ankle fractures, but this form of treatment does have a significant rate of complications.
Adolescent↗
Microbial contamination and growth in total parenteral nutrition solutions.
TPN bags (196) and giving sets were subjected to microbiological examination following administration within a busy nutrition ward. Of these, five (2.6%) were found to be contaminated with coagulase-negative Gram-positive cocci. In all but one instance the contamination was restricted to the terminal ends of the giving sets rather than to the nutrition bag itself. Isolation of micro-organisms from the ward environment suggested that the contamination had arisen extrinsically during the setting up of the infusions. Isolates from the contaminated products, together with type species of Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, were examined with respect to their growth requirements and used to challenge four TPN formulations. Growth and survival of the organisms was monitored for up to 21 days. In all instances significant numbers of organisms were recovered after 72 h. Significant growth of the Staphylococcal isolate and C. albicans occurred over the initial 48-72 h incubation, this appeared to be greater in extent for the lipid-containing formulations. The temperature of storage of the formulation was the major determining factor for microbial growth and survival. No survivors were recovered, however, from any formulation after 21 days.
Candida albicans↗
Appearance of specific proteins in the apical plasma membrane of cultured renal collecting duct principal cell epithelium after chronic administration of aldosterone and arginine vasopressin.
Principal cell epithelium of renal collecting duct from neonatal rabbit kidney was cultured in the presence of aldosterone (1 x 10(-6) M) and arginine vasopressin (AVP; 1 x 10(-6) M) for 10 days to investigate, by immunohistochemical methods using specific monoclonal antibodies, whether the hormones influence the expression and insertion of plasma membrane proteins. The experiments demonstrated that aldosterone alone or aldosterone plus AVP significantly increased the number of epithelial cells reacting at the luminal and lateral plasma membrane with the antibodies CD 2 and 3, specific for renal collecting duct, as we have shown in the kidney. In cultures treated with aldosterone and aldosterone plus AVP, nearly all epithelial cells were labelled by the antibodies, while controls or AVP treatment showed 41% and 24% unreactive cells, respectively. These findings were complemented with electrophysiological experiments, in which epithelia pretreated by aldosterone or aldosterone plus AVP showed significantly hyperpolarized transepithelial voltage (Vte) and higher resistance (Rte) than controls or AVP-treated specimens. The experiments demonstrated that chronic administration of aldosterone or of aldosterone plus AVP to increase Na+-transport was paralleled by the appearance of collecting-duct-specific proteins in the epithelium. Consequently, this result indicates that aldosterone influences the functional maturity of the cultured epithelium.
Aldosterone↗