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Biomedical subjects

P Gibson

Publications and source records attributed to P Gibson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The penetration of misonidazole into a mature structural cartilage.

Mature cartilage may be expected to contain populations of hypoxic cells as a result of the tissues lack of direct vascularization and structure; it may therefore be at risk from possible radiosensitization. The hypoxic-cell radiosensitizing drug misonidazole Ro-07-0582 (MISO) was administered i.v. to mature New Zealand White rabbits at a dose of 100 mg/kg, and the resulting drug concentrations in both blood and ear-cartilage samples measured by HPLC. Samples were taken at regular intervals up to 4 h after administration of MISO. Blood concentrations of MISO rose rapidly to 240 microgram/ml within 5 min of administration, before falling steadily, with a t1/2 of 45 min. Cartilage levels reached a peak of 70% of the blood levels approximately 30 min after administration. The levels of MISO then fell, with a t1/2 of 44 min.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Remission of giant lymph node hyperplasia with anemia after radiotherapy.

We have described a 51-year-old patient with unresectable mesenteric giant lymph node hyperplasia of the plasma cell type, severe systemic manifestations, and profound anemia. Supression of erythropoiesis may have been related to the presence of a circulating erythropoietic inhibitor produced by the lymphoid tumor. Markedly elevated titers to Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen suggest that this virus may be important in the etiology of the abnormal lymphoid proliferation. The marked clinical response and decrease in the size of the tumor following irradiation suggests that radiation therapy may be an alternative form of treatment for similar patients with unresectable lesions.

Anemia↗
PubMed1979

Primary Crohn's disease of the appendix: report of 14 cases and review of the literature.

Fourteen patients with primary Crohn's disease of the appendix have been seen in a 12 year period. These patients represent 12.8% of the total number undergoing surgical resection because of Crohn's disease. Twenty-three cases of appendiceal Crohn's disease have been previously reported in the literature. A correct preoperative diagnosis is rarely made; the usual diagnosis is that of acute appendicitis or appendiceal abscess. The removed appendix in twelve of our 14 cases had marked thickening of the wall with transmural fibrosis and often with granulomatous inflammation. The enlarged appendix had an external appearance similar to that of ileal Crohn's disease, and we consider a correct surgical diagnosis might be possible with better awareness of its existence. The diagnosis might be suspected earlier when the clinical course of apparent appendicitis is protracted or atypical. Contrary to the previous estimation of high recurrence rate, this series and the cumulative evidence in the literature show a relatively low rate at 14%. The feared fistula formation following the removal of the appendix has not been seen in either our series or the literature. These patients, however, merit long-term follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

An epilepsy workshop for professionals.

This experimental study evaluated the impact of an epilepsy workshop format designed for community professionals who may be involved in the treatment plan and follow-up of patients. The goals of the workshop were to increase the professional's knowledge and comfort in the presence of epilepsy and to effect better delivery of services to patients. To achieve this, a didactic approach to learning was modified to include patient contact and participant involvement in the learning process. A pre- and posttest experimental design was utilized. Those who attended the workshop improved significantly more than the two control groups in their knowledge of and comfort with epilepsy. Following the workshop, there was a marked increase in the referral of school children for possible neurological problems by teachers who had attended. There was a subsequent improvement in the delivery of health care services to such children in this county.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

An on-line work scheduling and ward requesting pattern information system.

The organisational efficiency of sample admission to the routine laboratory and the allocation to test methods has been improved by a scheduling system based on an on-line mini-computer. A flexible system has been constructed using multiple visual displays, which produce work allocation lists. Computer techniques have been developed which enable maximal use of the on-line system while retaining the general flexibility of high-level language coding, as implemented on an unsophisticated 12-bit processor. The file structure has been designed to provide cumulative information on the requesting patterns appropriate to any of the many sources of samples to the laboratory, and to allow the automatic merging of worksheet and laboratory data, the latter being generated and transmitted from a second mini-computer system.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed1976

Molluscum contagiosum -- a defective poxvirus?

Purified preparations of molluscum contagiosum virus contain a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.6) with similar but not identical properties to those of the enzyme found in vaccinia virions. The ultraviolet inactivation kinetics of the RNA polymerase from both viruses were similar, displaying fast and slow components. Ultraviolet irradiation destroyed the interfering capacities of molluscum and inactivated vaccinia virions, and the interferon-inducing capacity of molluscum virus slowly and with first-order kinetics. Inactivation studies of the interferon-inducing capacity of vaccinia virus were complicated by cytotoxic effects. Electron microscopical studies showed all stages of virus growth in vaccinia-infected mouse embryo cells; molluscum virus appeared to be degraded in lysosome-like bodies. In preliminary studies, marked changes in cytoplasmic RNA synthesis and in patterns of polypeptide synthesis were found in vaccinia-infected but not in molluscum-infected mouse embryo cells.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1975

Carcinoma of the oesophagus: preoperative irradiation followed by planned resection for lesions in the middle and lower thirds--an interim report.

Since 1968, at the Thoracic Surgery Unit in the Royal Perth Hospital, a combined approach of preoperative deep X-ray therapy and excisional surgery has been adopted for patients with potentially operable carcinoma of the oesophagus. This has produced an improvement in the survival time for middle third lesions when compared with the result previously obtained following unaided surgical excision. The method is described, and the early results are indicated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dietary modulation of colonic mucosal urokinase activity in rats.

The amount and type of dietary fibre ingested influences colonic luminal characteristics, especially the concentration of carbohydrate fermentation products such as butyrate. This study aimed to assess whether diets supplemented with fibres of differing fermentability (delivering different amounts of butyrate to the colon) influence mucosal activities of urokinase and brush border hydrolases, and epithelial turnover. Groups of five rats were fed one of four diets containing low (2%), highly fermented (guar 10% or oat bran 10%) or slowly fermented fibre (wheat bran 10%) for 4 weeks. Activities of urokinase, alkaline phosphatase, dipeptidyl peptidase IV and maltase were measured in mucosal homogenates of proximal and distal colon and from rectum. Proliferative kinetics were assessed in distal and proximal colon by the metaphase arrest technique. Hydrolase activities were similar across all four dietary groups but a significant difference was found for urokinase (P = 0.014). This was due to a reduction in urokinase activities of > 30% at the three sites in the wheat bran group compared with the other groups. Of proliferative indices, only crypt column height differed across the groups (P = 0.038) and was highest in rats fed wheat bran and lowest in those fed the low fibre diet (P = 0.047). The proportion of mitoses in the top one-fifth of the crypt also differed across groups (P = 0.038) due to the high values in the distal colon of the low fibre group. Thus, addition of a slowly fermented (but not highly fermented) fibre to the diet of rats reduces net urokinase activity in large bowel mucosa and increases the life span of colonic epithelial cells without changing activities of brush border hydrolases.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗