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Biomedical subjects

P Geslin

Publications and source records attributed to P Geslin.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Contribution of contra-immunoelectrophoresis to the diagnosis of acute pneumococcal pneumopathies: report on 37 cases (author's transl)].

Employed since 1971, contra-immunoelectrophoresis is a microbiological technique now recognised as being of increasing value. Used in 37 cases of pneumococcal lung infections its diagnostic reliability was 81% the technique being of particular interest in that it enabled a positive diagnosis in lung infections previously treated by antibiotics. Though performed in only a small number of cases, this method was able to confirm the frequency of pneumococcal infections. The technique can now be considered to be well established, the production of specific anti-serums, approaching type-specificity, being possible. Fairly simple to perform, and giving rapid results (within hour) it requires a minimum of apparatus and is a standard procedure that should be employed in all microbiological medical laboratories. Of undeniable diagnostic value, it should be associated with conventional bacteriological tests, which though essential sometimes give insufficient data.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Radioimmunoassay of serum digoxin levels. Clinical exploration (author's transl)].

This work undertakes, in a second part, the clinical exploration of 947 serum digoxin levels of 281 hospitalized patients on a cardiology ward. Our results, which coincide with those of other researchers, have led us to draw certain practical conclusions: the posology is determined first of all according to kidney function, weight and age of the patient. When the treatment is insufficient or, on the other hand, poorly tolerated, a serum digoxin level is performed permitting thus: 1) in the case of ineffective treatment: to be sure of the patient's cooperation, to increase the posology if the serum digoxin level is not in the toxic zone, to discover an eventual pharmacokinetic problem; 2) to establish the responsibility of digitalis (when there are signs of intolerance or of intoxication), in case of arrhythmia, in patients with pacemakers, when associated drugs are capable of causing similar adverse effects; 3) to better manage a digitalis treatment in a high risk patient (unstable renal function, advanced myocardial disease, chronic obstructive disease).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

[Noninvasive methods in the diagnosis of post-infarction false aneurysm. Apropos of a case].

A case of post-aneurysm detected by chance in an asymptomatic 41 year old man, 3 months after acute infarction, and managed by surgery is reported. Although the aneurysm was too small to cause chest X-Ray changes, the parietal defect was clearly defined by isotopic angioscintigraphy, CAT scanning and M-mode echocardiography. The features of pseudo-aneurysms on CAT scanning are discussed. The value of M-mode echocardiography is confirmed, it alone giving the precise diagnosis through the demonstration of one dynamic sign: systolic expansion of the aneurysmal pocket on a tracing more suggestive of a localised pericardial effusion than of ventricular aneurysm. Early diagnosis by these non-invasive methods of investigation, requested as a result of some initial clinical abnormality, confirmed by angiography, may benefit some patients as the risk of secondary rupture may be avoided by surgical cure. The rarity of this condition is also under question due to the increasing number of reported cases.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

[The pneumococcal infection in a general hospital of a parisian suburb: a prospective study in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges hospital (author's transl)].

The authors have carried during one year, in the hospital of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, a prospective study on 229 cases of pneumococcal infections with bacteriological findings. They emphazise the frequency, the high-exposed groups and the gravity of these infections despite of the antibiotherapy. The emergence of multiply resistant pneumococcus makes out another argument for proposing a preventive vaccination taking notice of the most frequent serotypes found in France.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Contribution of the counter-immunoelectrophoresis for the diagnosis of pneumococcal infections (author's transl)].

Using counter-immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), the authors have looked for pneumococcal antigens in biological fluids in 141 pneumococcal infections cases (70 meningitis, 25 empyema, 40 pneumonia, 5 peritonitis, 1 pericarditis). The best results (superior to bacteriological results) were obtained with CSF and pleural fluid. Testing sputum by CIE seems to have a real interest in pneumonia. CIE associated with bacteriology, gives more than 20% increase in aetiological diagnosis in pneumococcal infections and permits to set accurate aetiological diagnosis in less than two hours.

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMed1979

[Pneumococcal serotyping. Multicentric inventory in hospital. Years 1977-1978 (author's transl)].

For a period of 17 months, 670 pneumococci, mostly isolated in the Paris area, have been typed with contercurrent-immunoelectrophoresis ; 338 of them come from cases of pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis and acute otitis media. An important regrouping of the most frequent serotypes among the 83 known serotypes makes possible a vaccinal prophylaxis. The tetradecavalent vaccine which is now for sale in USA gives, in the four main pathologies of this enquiry, a coverage superior to 80 percent. Choosing the 14 most frequent serotypes of the four main pathologies of their data the authors propose the following vaccinal formula : 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15, 18, 19, 23.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Intimal coronary fibrous dysplasia and Prinzmetal's angina].

It is currently considered as exceptional for there to be arterial pathology other than atheroma in Prinzmetal angina. The authors have found five cases of coronary fibrous dysplasia in the literature. They add a case, in a woman, of intimal fibrous dysplasia diffusely involving the three main coronary vessels. Coronary arteriography showed that spasm of the right coronary artery was the cause of attacks with the clinical and electrocardiographic features of Prinzmetal angina. The whole coronary tree was otherwise normal angiographically and also macroscopically at autopsy. The dysplasia was only discovered by histological study of serial sections of the three coronary vessels. Histological examination showed no evidence of an atheromatous lesion. The authors place these coronary artery lesions within the general classification of arterial fibrous dysplasias. It remains hypothetical whether there is a relationship between the occurrence of spasm and this very special histological feature of the coronary artery wall.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1977

[The detection of soluble bacterial antigens studied in various pathological substances using counterimmunoelectrophoresis. Contribution to diagnosis(151 cases)].

Examinations for soluble bacterial antigens using counter-immunoelectrophoresis (C.I.E.) was carried out in 151 patients suspected of suffering from various infectious syndrome were successful for S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae b, N. meningitis, sero-group B and D streptococcus. Thus meningitis and pneumonia represent those areas in which the technique is particularly useful. Apart from its rapidity--result in a hour--C.I.E., in association with bacteriology, makes possible an increase in aetiological diagnosis of 27% with H. influenzae b, 24% with S. pneumoniae and 6% with N. meningitidis (lower result by virtue of technical difficulties with sero-group B). Thus using this technique we were able to reach an aetiological diagnosis in 10 (23.8%) out of 42 cases of purulent meningitis where blind antibiotic therapy had already been given. These two advantages--rapidity and increase in aetiological diagnosis--justify the introduction of this simple technique in every medical microbiology laboratory.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1977

[Etiological diagnosis of acute pneumopathies. Evaluative study. 100 cases in a pneumologic center].

This study involved 100 patients with acute pneumonia and hospitalised in a specialised service: 12 bacterial pneumonia, 40 viral pneumonia (i.e. 52% of the total). Only precise viral and bactérial studies could improve these results. Given the poor results obtained using the microbiological techniques available here, the authors suggest the inclusion in all subsequent studies of aetiological diagnosis of a quantitative examination of sputum bacterial flora and examination for the detection of bacterial exoantigens.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

[The detection of bacterial antigens by counter-immunoelectrophoresis in N. meningitidis, H. influenzae serotype b, S. pneumoniae infections. Diagnostic value and evolutive aspect (in 216 cases) (author's transl)].

Using counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) the authors have assayed for soluble bacterial S. pneumoniae, N meningitidis group A, B, C. H. influenzae type b antigens, biological fluids in 216 patients (meningitis: 136; pneumonia: 76; miscellaneous: 4) during 16 months. Because of heterogeneous recruiting (the bacteriology was carried out by different laboratories) the increase in aetiological diagnosis given by CIE is only statistically valid for the bacteriologic negative group when blind antibiotic therapy had already been given. In this group, CIE makes a notable increase in diagnosis of 22,1 % +/- 10,1 in meningitis and 25,5% +/- 12,7 in pneumonia. Various physiopathological aspects are considered concerning soluble bacterial antigens detection during the course of the disease. This method seems very useful and accurate; and therefore should be used in every microbiologic laboratory.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Phentolamine in treatment of acute left ventricular insufficiancies].

Phentolamine (Regitine) at the dose of 0.3 mg/mn behaves as an arterial and, above all venous, vasodilatator agent, resulting in a marked and early lowering of the pulmonary pressures in acute oedema of the lung and in cardiac asthma. It was used alone in 47 attacks of acute severe left ventricular failure with very favourable results in 43 cases, as proved by the rapid improvement of the haemodynamic status and of the aicd-base balance. Under strict observation, tolerance has been excellent. This therapeutic method seems of great interest in the cases of acute pulmonary oedema with a maintained blood pressure level, and in the forms with severe arterial hypertension which might tolerate larger doses.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗