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P Gerhardt

Publications and source records attributed to P Gerhardt.

173 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Substance P enhancement of inhibitory avoidance learning: mediation by the N-terminal sequence.

Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of intraperitoneally administered undecapeptide substance P (SP), its N-terminal fragment SP(1-7) (SPN) and the C-terminal analog [pGlu6]-SP(6-11) (SPC) on inhibitory avoidance learning, using a one-trial up-hill avoidance task. In Experiment 1 rats were injected with either SP (50 micrograms/kg), SPN (3.3, 33, 167, 333 micrograms/kg) or SPC (2.7, 27, 134, 268 micrograms/kg) immediately after the training trial. Controls received the diluent vehicles. When tested 24 hr later, rats injected with 50 micrograms/kg SP (37 nmol/kg) and 167 micrograms/kg SPN (185 nmol/kg) exhibited longer step-up latencies than vehicle-treated controls. None of the other doses of SPN nor of the C-terminal fragment influenced performance. In Experiment 2, 167 micrograms/kg SPN or vehicle was injected posttrial either immediately or 5 hr after the training trial. Retention latencies 24 hr later were longer for rats treated with 167 micrograms/kg SPN immediately after the training trial. Performance of the SPN 5-hr delay group did not differ from that of the vehicle-injected controls, ruling out proactive effects of SPN on recall.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ambulatory diagnosis and therapy of gonarthrosis].

AIM OF STUDY: To develop recommendations for appropriate diagnostic procedures and conservative treatment of knee osteoarthritis in outpatients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Following a consensus conference and expert reviews basic recommendations were developed. RESULTS: While standardized radiographic assessment is mandatory, MRI investigation should be restricted to problems apart from osteoarthritis. Indications for physical therapy, bracing and pharmaco-treatment depend on the severity of the disease. Guidelines for intraarticular injections are presented. CONCLUSION: Effective treatment of knee osteoarthritis must be based on available recommendations and guidelines.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prospective comparison of ARTOSCAN-MRI and arthroscopy in knee injuries].

The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were compared with those of arthroscopy in a prospective series of 276 patients. A "dedicated system" for MRI of limbs and peripheral joints--the 0,2 Tesla ARTOSCAN (ESAOTE, Italy)--was used for imaging knee joint lesions. T1-weighted spin echo sagittal images, T2-weighted gradient-echo coronal images, and axial views for lesions of bone and the femoropatellar joint were acquired. If necessary paraxial sagittal and oblique coronal views were obtained for imaging of the cruciate ligaments. This protocol allowed excellent visualization of the cruciate ligaments, medial and lateral meniscus in almost all patients. Compared with arthroscopy performed within 48 hours after imaging, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were respectively, 91, 92 and 91 per cent for tears of the medial meniscus; 80, 96, and 92 per cent for tears of the posterior meniscus; 100, 100, and 100 per cent for tears of the posterior cruciate ligament; 93, 98, and 99 per cent for tears of the anterior cruciate ligament; and 73, 100, and 92 per cent for full-thickness articular cartilage lesions. The examination can be performed within 30 to 45 minutes at a cost that is lower than that of diagnostic arthroscopy. ARTOSCAN imaging is a safe and valuable adjunct to the clinical examination of the knee and an aid to efficient preoperative planning.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative angiography of the superior mesenteric and portal vein with prostaglandin F2 alpha in portal hypertension.

In a comparative study, we showed that a gain in diagnostic reliability justifies the routine use of PGF in indirect superior mesenteric venograms of patients with portal hypertension. Three radiologists without knowledge of patients' data and treatment analyzed 30 angiograms with and 30 examinations without PGF. Complicating factors, such as presence of varices and dose of contrast medium (CM), were taken into account by a Mantel and Haenszel procedure. When PGF was used, intrahepatic portal branches could be outlined beyond their second ramification more frequently. The superior mesenteric and portal veins, but not the confluence, were visualized significantly more often using this agent, so that patency, constriction, partial thrombosis or occlusion could be reliably diagnosed. Independent of the use of PGF, visualization of the confluence was improved by high CM doses in combination with high flow rates.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Early syphilis].

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Disease Progression↗