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Biomedical subjects

P Gautier

Publications and source records attributed to P Gautier.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Splenosis: an unrecognized cause of pelvic pain].

A case of painful pelvic splenosis is reported. This diagnosis concerns a patient suffering from pelvic pain who had had a splenectomy done thirteen years earlier. Two complementary examinations allowed us to make a precise pre-operatory diagnosis. The differential diagnoses are listed and endometriosis in particular. The authors think that the nodules of splenosis are probably a defense against infections affecting "splenic" patients. Consequently, the removal only of symptomatic ectopic splenic tissue is indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Histamine release during an experimental coronary thrombosis in awake dog.

Histamine is released into the systemic circulation during anaphylaxis, by drugs and surgical procedures. Studies in animal models have shown that released histamine is one of the major mediators of arrhythmia occurring during anaphylaxis or the administration of histamine-releasing drugs. The variations in plasma histamine levels in dogs with a subacute coronary thrombosis were investigated and the effects of dimaprit and cimetidine on the electrocardiographic consequence of this thrombosis and on histamine release were assessed. During the first day after the myocardial infarction a ventricular arrhythmia developed and plasma histamine levels were found significantly increased, returning to the basal values when the sinusal rhythm was restored. Dimaprit was able to decrease the number of ventricular extrasystoles and to modulate plasma histamine levels. The action of dimaprit on ECG was not reversed by pretreatment with cimetidine, which on the contrary was able to antagonize the decrease in plasma histamine concentrations induced by dimaprit perfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Histamine-releasing properties of Polysorbate 80 in vitro and in vivo: correlation with its hypotensive action in the dog.

The solvent of commercial amiodarone (Polysorbate 80) has been reported to produce haemodynamic responses in humans and in dogs similar to those produced by histamine infusion. We therefore evaluated the correlation between hypotension induced by the solvent of amiodarone and its histamine-releasing properties in the awake dog. The solvent of amiodarone administered to a dog, over 5 min in a dose of 10 mg/kg of Polysorbate 80, produced severe hypotension after the first administration; the second injection (24 h later) caused fewer hypotensive effects. Histamine release in the peripheral tissues was demonstrated by a marked increase in plasma histamine concentrations, with the maximum value 10 min after the solvent administration. H1- and H2-receptor blockade with mepyramine (5 mg/kg) and cimetidine (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the cardiovascular effects of the solvent. Isolated peritoneal mast cells from rats also released histamine in response to Polysorbate 80. These studies show that Polysorbate 80 releases histamine both in vitro and in isolated mast cells from rats and in vivo in the dog, and that the plasma concentrations are correlated with the haemodynamic responses.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1981

Potential and tension changes induced by sodium removal in dog Purkinje fibres: role of an electrogenic sodium-calcium exchange.

1. Isolated dog Purkinje fibres were bathed in K-free media or in the presence of ouabain 10(-4) M in order to depress the electrogenic sodium pump activity. Membrane potential and mechanical tension were recorded in the presence of normal external sodium concentration and during lowering or removal of external Na. 2. Lowering or removal of external Na (Na being replaced by choline, Tris, sucrose or Li) induced a hyperpolarization and a contracture which reached a maximum after 1 or 2 min and then decreased progressively. Using Tris, Em increased from -40 +/- 3 to -72 +/- 10 mV (n = 39). The Na-free contracture and hyperpolarization did not occur in the absence of Na pump depression. 3. Tetrodotoxin (1.2 x 10(-5)M), Mn (4 mM), verapamil (1-4 x 10(-5) M) tetraethylammonium (5 mM), 4-aminopyridine (5 mM) and Cs (20 mM, in the presence of ouabain) did not alter the Na-free contracture and hyperpolarization. On the other hand Mn (20 mM), acid media (external pH less than 6.0) and low temperatures depressed or suppressed both the hyperpolarization and contracture. Lanthanum (0.4 mM) did not suppress the hyperpolarization and the contracture. On the contrary the Na-free contracture was generally increased in the presence of La. 4. Caffeine (10 mM) induced strong contractures with no changes in Em, thus demonstrating the possibility for the Purkinje fibers of developing contractures without concomitant hyperpolarizations. 5. It can be concluded that the Na-free contracture and hyperpolarization are not due to changes in passive conductances but are related to the functioning of an electrogenic Na-Ca exchange mechanism which carries inwardly 1 Ca and outwardly 3 or more Na.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The site of gating in the ventricular conducting system of rabbit, dog and monkey hearts.

The longest action potential durations of the ventricular conducting system were found at about two thirds of the distance along each false tendon in dog and monkey hearts. In the rabbit heart, this area which corresponds to the gating mechanism - was found in the middle part of the bundle branches; therefore the number of gates is much smaller in the rabbit than in other 2 species.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1979

[A case of mediastinal parathyroid adenoma visible on standard pulmonary radiography (author's transl)].

Mediastinal adenomas form about 10 % of all parathyroid adenomas, and are only very rarely visualized in standard pulmonary radiograms. This was the case however in a 54-year-old woman with hyperparathyroidism, chronic renal insufficiency, and an anterosuperior mediastinal tumor. After surgical excision by sternotomy the mass was found to be a large parathyroid adenoma weighing 105 g and measuring 8 cm in diameter. The authors discuss the problems raised by mediastinal adenomas and review the cases reported in the published literature.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1974

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Byzantium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Digoxin enhances bupivacaine toxicity in rats.

The influence of digoxin on the systemic toxic effects of bupivacaine was studied in a rodent animal model. The experiment was undertaken with consideration to clinical situations such as pregnancy that are associated with the secretion of an endogenous digoxin-like factor. Twenty Wistar male rats, under barbiturate anesthesia and controlled ventilation, received either 5 micrograms/kg intravenous digoxin (n = 10) or saline (n = 10), blinded to the observer. Digoxin serum concentration was 1.8 +/- 0.24 ng/ml in the study group. Thirty minutes after digoxin or saline was administered, bupivacaine was infused at a constant rate of 2mg/kg/minute. The threshold doses of bupivacaine toxic effects (first ventricular arrhythmia, 25% fall of baseline heart rate, 25% fall of baseline mean arterial blood pressure, first seizure activity, isoelectric electroencephalogram, and asystole) were significantly lower in the digoxin group, as were the lethal bupivacaine serum concentrations. Digoxin, in hyperoxic nonacidotic rats, increases the cardiac and central nervous system toxicity of bupivacaine. Based on the known electrophysiologic actions of these two drugs, a synergistic toxic interaction is demonstrated.

Animals↗