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P Gastmeier

Publications and source records attributed to P Gastmeier.

104 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Nosocomial infections in Germany--assessment and prevention. NIDEP Study, 1: On prevalence in surgery].

One aim of the NIDEP study (nosocomial infections in Germany: surveillance and prevention) was to determine in part 1 (surveillance) the prevalence of nosocomial infections (NI) in patients in surgical departments of 72 representatively selected hospitals in Germany. The surveillance was carried out by four previously validated physicians who applied the CDC criteria for NI. The overall rate of NI was 3.8%. Urinary tract infections (1.45%) and surgical wound infections (1.34%) were the most common NI. The highest rate of wound infections was noted after amputations (7.2%), conventional appendectomies (4.1%) or operations on the colon or rectum (3.8%). The use of perioperative antibiotics varied widely depending on the kind of operation and was not in accordance with international guidelines in all hospitals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Hepatitis B infections in families of carriers].

To examine the transmission of hepatitis B virus in families of carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen epidemiologic and serologic data were obtained on 209 household contacts of 106 carriers. 97 relatives (46.4%) showed signs of infection, 39 became chronic carriers too. Brothers and sisters are at the highest risk of infection within the families. Household contacts of chronic carriers should be considered a high-priority group to receive the hepatitis B vaccine.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The risk of infection in patients with long-term epidural catheters].

In 16 pain patients with carcinoma with a total of 896 days of epidural catheter usage, one hospitalized patient developed meningitis. No general infection occurred among the outpatients. The benefit/risk ratio, satisfactory pain relief on one hand and risk of infection on the other, clearly demonstrated the advantage of long-term epidural catheter treatment in our patients, in particular in outpatients. Careful hygienic handling is essential.

Analgesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1990

[Hygienic hospital arrangements for the care of patients with acute and chronic viral hepatitis B].

The authors suggest a procedure for the treatment of patients with acute or chronic HBV infection (virus of hepatitis B) which did not lead--according to a special investigation of the hygiene service--to nosocomial infection. The results apply, however, only to the specially infection-oriented area of medical clinics, not to others such as e.g. dialyzation centres. There, due to generally known special features of the working regime and basic disease, it did not prove possible to prevent in all patients infection with the hepatitis B virus.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Hospital hygiene measures in the care of cholera patients].

The hygienic precautions taken by a hospital are presented by the example of a cholera infected patient from Vietnam. Also in the future the import of single cholera cases will be inevitable as a consequence of the fast modern communication. But the hygienic standards valid for the GDR health service are well suited to prevent cholera from distribution.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of the hygienic situation at dental working places in the district of Potsdam].

In 1987 five-hundred-forty-eight dental working places, where 556 dentists are employed, had been checked by the county hygiene inspections under direction of the district hygiene inspection in compliance with hospital-hygiene aspects. The results of hygienic check-ups are unsatisfactory because of a lack of hygienic knowledge or carelessness of the dental staff. An intensive discussion about hygienic problems among dentists has started as a reaction to the check-ups.

Dental Offices↗
PubMed1989

[Hospital public health inspections in clinico-chemical laboratories of the Potsdam district].

Under supervision of the County Hygiene Inspection the District Hygiene Inspection made in 1987 in 88 clinical-chemical laboratories inspections acc. to hospital-hygienic criteria. With the exception of 13 institutions, all the other laboratories checked-up showed in part essential deficiencies with their regimens of disinfection and sterilization. These deficiencies could be removed immediately in most of the cases.

Disinfection↗
PubMed1989

[Hospital public health status in community health nursing units of the Potsdam district].

By the instruction of the country hygiene inspection 452 community health nurse departments were inspected with special regard to hospital hygiene by the district hygiene inspections in the district of Potsdam. In addition to insufficiencies concerning the situation from the point of view of communal hygiene mistakes concerning the disinfection- and sterilization-regime of the community health nurses were observed frequently. By the check-ups and instructions the situation could be improved.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nosocomial and community-acquired infections in Germany. Summary of the results of the First National Prevalence Study (NIDEP)

The first German national study on the prevalence of nosocomial and community-acquired infections was performed in 1994 in medical, surgical, gynaecological/obstetrical and intensive care departments. 14,966 patients in 72 German hospitals representatively selected according to size were investigated by outside physicians. These were trained in the use of CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, and their diagnoses validated. Community-acquired infections were recorded according to the assessment of the hospital physicians. For the diagnosis of nosocomial infections, only the opinion of the outside investigators was decisive. A prevalence of 3.5% was found for nosocomial infections and 10.0% for community-acquired infections. The use of antibiotics was documented in 17.7% of all patients on the prevalence day. Of the patients undergoing antibiotic therapy, 16.9% had a nosocomial infection, 47.9% a community-acquired one. In the remaining 35.1% neither a nosocomial nor a community-acquired infection was confirmed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Are nosocomial infection rates in intensive care units useful benchmark parameters?

BACKGROUND: The objectives of this study were to determine to what extent the German national nosocomial infection surveillance system (Krankenhaus Infektions Surveillance System, KISS) can take into account the circumstances prevailing in various intensive care units (ICUs) and to establish whether KISS-ICU infection rates can serve as useful benchmark parameters. METHODS: The investigation focused on three major factors: microbiological monitoring, severity of illness and the duration of surveillance. For each of these factors separate infection rates were calculated for various ICU groups and the differences compared. RESULTS: Significant differences were found for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) with routine monitoring, but not for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Significant differences were assessed for central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CVC-BSI), considering the average ventilator utilization rate in the ICU as a surrogate parameter for the average severity of illness in its patient group. Surveillance periods of about 1 year were necessary to confirm definite outlier and nonoutlier positions for the majority of the ICUs. CONCLUSION: Using KISS data for internal orientation, it is possible to note important differences between ICUs when interpreting infection rates; some initial examples of successful use of surveillance data for the reduction of infection rates are already available. However, the use of such data for external assessment is not possible, because external observers are often unable to fully consider important factors in the interpretation of infection rates.

Benchmarking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nosocomial wound infections: a prevalence study and analysis of risk factors.

This first German prevalence study surveilling nosocomial wound infections (NWI) was carried out in 72 representatively selected hospitals. NWI were recorded by 4 validated investigators. Seventy-nine NWI were recorded among 4983 operated patients (prevalence rate: 1.61%), most of them after amputation of limbs (6.1%) and operations on the colon or rectum (3.1%). The 3 risk factors from the NNIS (National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance) index for postoperative wound infections were for the first time applied in this prevalence study. Patients with contaminated wounds had significantly more wound infections (P=0.01, likelihood ratio test) whereas, in contrast to the NNIS index, patients with ASA score >3 (P= 0.07) or long lasting operations (>75th percentile) did not (P=0.1). Therefore, for the stratification of NWI rates wound contamination is the single most important factor.

Cross Infection↗