Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to P Garin.
The use of glass ionomer cement for mastoid obliteration, reconstruction of the external ear canal, closure of the translabyrinthine approach for acoustic neuroma and fixation of a cochlear implant in the temporal bone is described. Preliminary results are encouraging, although some epithelialisation defects may occur in the external ear canal.
At the beginning, small cerebellar strokes may present only with acute onset of vertigo, unsteadiness and unidirectional nystagmus, like a vestibular neuritis. In some cases, it is associated with tinnitus and hearing disturbance, like an endolymphatic hydrops. Other cases may mimic a benign cupulolithiasis, with only a paroxysmal positioning vertigo. Attention should be focused on transient associated symptoms: headache and blurred vision. One should not wait for classical cerebellar clinical signs: they are subtle and they appear late. Within a few days, the clinical picture will change: vertigo will disappear, while unsteadiness will progress. The electronystagmography confirms the integrity of the vestibular peripheric system. The cerebral CT Scan will show the ischaemic lesions only several days after the onset of the symptoms. A magnetic resonance imaging is far more efficient. Small cerebellar strokes have a good prognosis: complete recovery may be hoped with acetylsalicylic acid treatment and kinesitherapy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Over an 18-month period 31 patients (27 female and 4 male) were referred to the ENT department of our clinic for a 1-month to 14-year history of isolated non-productive cough. As ENT examination, including posterior rhinoscopy, was normal, these patients were sent to the pneumology department. Physical examination and X-ray films of the chest were negative, and the patients did not take an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor that could have induced this cough. Inhalation of acetylcholine lowered vital capacity by 32 +/- 14% and forced expiratory volume by 34 +/- 16%, a test which is the hallmark of bronchial hyperreactivity. Three patients were atopic. We believe that this cough can be the only manifestation of bronchial asthma. In these patients, cough was suppressed or strongly attenuated by the inhalation, 5 times a day, of salbutamol 200 mg puffs and beclomethasone dipropionate 250 mcg. In addition, the atopic patients were prescribed 10 puffs of sodium cromoglycate per day. Complaints of isolated non-productive cough must always suggest that possibility of bronchial asthma, and a bronchial provocation test must be performed to confirm this diagnosis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Some particular cases of bronchial asthma are improved by acetylsalicylic acid. The clinical characteristics of these patients are very similar to those of asthmatic ASA-sensitive cases: a cortico-dependent asthma occurring in later life, in nonatopic patients with chronic rhinitis, sinusitis and/or nasal polyposis. The patient notices that taking an occasional aspirin tablet for some other problem reduces his respiratory symptoms. The bronchodilator effect of aspirin and other Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in such patients has been clearly demonstrated, although all drugs don't have the same effectiveness. It is important to diagnose these aspirin-relieved asthma cases, using an oral aspirin test, because the treatment with aspirin allows us then to reduce the needed corticosteroid dose. We hypothesize that a diversion of the arachidonic acid metabolism towards cyclo-oxygenase products causes this syndrome.
1. The innervation of Rana ridibunda intestine has been studied by the following methods: (a) demonstration of cholinesterase activity; (b) FIF method for catecholamines; (c) immunohistochemistry for VIP, SP and SOM, and (d) conventional electron microscopy. 2. The intrinsic intestinal innervation is represented by cholinergic-, VIPergic-, SP- and SOM-like plexuses. The intestinal adrenergic component is of extrinsic origin. 3. The intestinal peptidergic innervation is the most developed, the large intestine being the portion where the studied peptidergic plexuses are more widely distributed. 4. Against a poorly developed cholinergic/adrenergic innervation, it seems that there is a predominant peptidergic innervation in the amphibians intestine wall. 5. Taking into account that amphibians sacral parasympathetic as well as sympathetic innervation development are limited, it could be considered that in vertebrates the intestinal peptidergic innervation is phylogenetically earlier and hence better developed.
The innervation of the diaphragm has been studied by three methods--cobalt tracing of the nerves, demonstration of cholinesterase activity and fluorescence microscopy for catecholamines and VIP. The cobalt method reveals the peripheral nerve fibers with a sharpness similar to that shown at the level of the central nervous system where this method has so far been more widely applied. The cobalt method helps to outline the distribution pattern of the nerve fibers and it can be of particular interest at the level of the viscera in order to show the different sources of the axons. Fibers giving a positive response to cholinesterase staining are shown at the level of the motor end plates and surrounding the blood vessels. It is suggested that the axons of phrenic origin contribute to the motor end plates while those coming from the vagus are distributed along the connective tissue surrounding the vascular system. Noradrenergic innervation is scarce, appearing as fine varicosities around the vascular beds. The VIPergic fibers are probably, together with the cholinergic ones, the most widespread. They are distributed among the muscle fascicules as well as being in close connection with the blood vessels.
The innervation of Rana ridibunda stomach has been studied by the following methods: demonstration of cholinesterase activity; FIF method for catecholamines; immunohistochemistry for VIP; SP and SOM and conventional electron microscopy. The cholinergic innervation is important in the stomach wall where in addition to the intrinsic plexuses there is an extrinsic contribution coming with the vagus nerve. The density of the fibres decreases towards the pyloric sphincter. The adrenergic innervation seems to be almost entirely of extrinsic origin. Fine networks have been localized at the myenteric and submucosal plexuses. The fibres density increases at the pylorus. At the myenteric plexus, apart from the cholinergic neurons, we have found VIP and SOM like cells. The VIP like plexus is very well developed. A SOM like plexus is also present but with scarce fibres in comparison with the VIPergic one. The submucosal plexus is exclusively made by nervous fibres of the types described for the myenteric one. We have got positive immunoreactivity for SP only on the fibres. They are scarce in the stomach wall, only at the pyloric region their density increases. We describe the ultrastructural morphological characteristics of the enteric neurons as well as the fine inter-relationships between the nervous elements and the functional components of the stomach wall.
The case of a 12 2/12-year-old boy with an HGH secreting eosinophilic adenoma is presented. The histologic investigation included conventional and ultrastructural techniques. The pre- and postoperative (1, 7, 11, and 20 months) hormonal controls are analyzed, indicating the persistence of HGH anteropituitary activity, even though surgical sectioning of the pituitary stalk was performed and the activities of thyroid, corticoadrenal and gonadotropin functions decreased. It is suggested that the hypothalamo-pituitary relationship may be maintained by extraportal venous circulations.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.